IMMORTALITY
OR
RESURRECTION
Subtitled: The Resurrection, Our Only Hope Of Life After
Death
William
Robert West
Tallahassee, Florida
Author
of ÒThe Rapture And IsraelÓ
Is
"The Wages Of Sin Death"
Or Is
"The Wages Of Sin Eternal Life
With Torment In Hell"
An
Immortal Soul and the Doctrine of Hell
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As of 1/22/2011
Foreword
What does the Bible say about an immortal
soul and/or spirit? Together
soul and spirit are used almost 1,100 times in the King James Version, but not
one time is immortal ever used in the same verse with either one. Immortal and
immortality is not in the Old Testament, the promise of immortality is given to
no one. In the New Testament, immortal is used one time, immortality five
times, all by Paul. What does he say?
Why are we to "seek for immortality" if we are born immortal? Why will we "put on immortality" if the
only part of us that will ever be immortal has been immortal from birth (or
before birth)? The fact that a person
must "seek for...immortality"
and immortality must be "put
on" at the resurrection is conclusive proof that a person does not now
have it. If Romans 2:7 and 1 Corinthians 15:53 teaches nothing more, it
teaches that no part of a person now possess immortality. Not one passage in the Bible says anyone is now immortal; if no one is
now immortal, no one can now have a soul that is now immortal. The immortal
soul theology is from pagan philosophy, if all have a deathless soul, and we
are told that this deathless soul is the only part of a person that will ever
be immortal, and it is already immortal, the resurrection is made to be useless.
There are only two
views that are commonly believed about what will happen to mankind after death.
View one: The belief
that everyone has a soul in them that will live forever and cannot die makes it
not possible for death to be the wages of sin. If a person has something in
them that deathless it would not be
subject to the wages of sin, which is death, and it could not ever be destroyed; it would be born with eternal life and could
never die, therefore, it could not be resurrected from the dead. This view
has two major divisions.
1. That all
mankind has a "soul" that cannot ever die or be destroyed, but for
most of mankind God will forever torment this part of a person they call
"soul."
2. Universalism:
that all mankind has a "soul" that cannot ever die or be destroyed,
everyone has something in them that will live forever but it will be saved. If it
(the immortal soul) is not saved in this lifetime it will be saved after death.
View two: The wages of
sin is death, and the lost will die the second death, they do not now have eternal life and never will, those who do
not belong to Christ will forever be destroyed after their judgment. Those who
do not believe this view gave it the name "annihilation." This name
is not in the Bible, but what it means is eternal destruction, nevertheless, I
think it best not to call Bible teaching by a name not in the Bible.
Most Protestant Premillennialists believe the lost will be
totally destroyed but there are three Premillennial views that are common in
Protestant churches on how or where the lost will be destroyed.
1. Many Protestant
Premillennialists believe that the destruction of the lost will be on this
earth and the saved will forever live on this earth; no person will ever be in
Heaven. Many believe the Valley of Gehenna will be restored and the lost will
literally be burn to ashes in it.
2. Some Protestant
Premillennialists believe that the saved will be with Christ in Heaven, not on
earth after the thousand years, the second death will be the end of the lost,
but they are not literally burned to ashes on this earth in the restored Valley
of Gehenna.
3. Some Protestant
Premillennialists believe the wages of sin is eternal life with torment for the
soul that cannot die, which puts them in the camp of those that believe death
is not the wages of sin.
If we have either a
soul or a spirit that is now immortal and can never die or be dead, how could
there be a resurrection of the dead? Do you believe in the resurrection of the
dead? If yes, what do you believe will be resurrected; will your dead body be
raised from the dead, or do you believe a soul that is not dead will be raised
from the dead? When I first begin this study I was surprised and made to
tremble at how few believed in the resurrection and how many there are that do
not really know what they believe about it. Many believe some part of
themselves will instantly be transited from this world to Heaven or Hell at
death without a resurrection before the resurrection and Judgment Day and
before the second coming of Christ, but when they are asked what is the reason
for the resurrection, they not only do not know but have never really thought
about it. Death is looked at as being a doorway to life in another form, that
death is not really death, and there is nowhere in their thoughts or in their
faith for a resurrection for their theology says no one is really dead. The
resurrection has been removed from the faith of many by today's theology that says
some immortal part of a person will go to Heaven at the moment of death. But is there any life after death before
the second coming of Christ and the resurrection of the dead? Paul said it
will be at the resurrection that, "This
mortal must put on immortality," but if we have a soul that is now
immortal then what is it that is now mortal that will put on immortality at the
resurrection?
-------------------------------------------------------
Table
of Contents
AN
IMMORTAL SOUL OR RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD
The
Resurrection, Our Only Hope Of Life After Death
By William West
Chapter
one: The nature of man - what is man?
Chapter two: Life or Death
Chapter
three: The reinterpretations of the great
doctrines of the Bible
Chapter
four: From where came Hell? The
vanishing Hell, Twenty-four versions of Hells
Chapter five: Sheol, Hades, and
Tartarus
Chapter six: The thirty-one Hell
passages
Chapter
seven: A strange and unexplainable silence of the
Old Testament on punishment and life after death, life, death, torment,
destruction, destroy, perish, die, and end
Chapter
eight: Figurative language, metaphors, and
symbolical passage
Chapter
nine: Universalist: The "age lasting"
Hell
Chapter
ten: The results of attributing evil Pagan
teachings to God.
Chapter eleven: Historical
proof of
the changing of the teaching of the Bible
Appendix one
----------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER ONE
What Is Man?
What is a man? Is a
person born with an immortal soul, or do the saved put on immortality at the
resurrection? Is a person a three part being, an animal body with both a soul
and a spirit that will live without the body? This is one of the most important
questions of all time. It has more influence on our conception of our nature,
our view of life in this world, and our view of life after death than any other
question.
Soul in the Old Testament is translated
from nehphesh, StrongÕs Hebrew word
#5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ A study of the way it is translated in the
King James and how other translation differ greatly from the King James reveals
facts that are far different that the belief of most about what the soul is and
facts that most will find upsetting. Nehphesh is used in the Old Testament
about 870 times and is translated soul only about 473 times in the King James
and in
the New International Version (2010
updated version) only 72 out about 870 times it is used.
Nehphesh is translated
in the King James Version into about 40 words, into nouns, pronouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs, etc.
In all 870 times this
word is used it is associated with the activity of a living being, including
dying, and it never implies anything about life after the death of the living
being. None of the 870 times are an immortal, immaterial, inter something
in a person that has no substance; souls (nehpheshs) are the living being
(persons, animals, or any living thing) that can die, be killed, or is already be
dead.
Soul (nehphesh) as it is used in the Bible - although its use is often
hid form the English readers by the way it was translated or mistranslated.
(1) Genesis 1:20 "The moving creature that has life" (soul–nehphesh,
used referring to animals, StrongÕs
Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ). Footnote in the King James
Version–"The moving creature
that has soul." American
Standard Version–"Let the
waters swarm with swarms of living
creatures" (soul–nehphesh).
If ÒsoulÓ were an
immortal "immaterial, invisible part
of man" (W. E. Vine, Expository Dictionary Of Old And New Testament
Words), why is this Hebrew word that is translated soul also translated "living creature" when it is
speaking of animals in Genesis 1:21; 1:24; 2:19; 9:10; 9:12; 9:15; 9:16 when
the same Hebrew word (nehphesh) is translated "living soul" in Genesis 2:7 when it is speaking of a
person? In the Hebrew, if this word were an immaterial, immortal part of a
person, it would also be an immaterial, immortal part of animals.
(2) Genesis 1:21 "living
creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to all life in the water), "And
God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature (soul–nehphesh) that moves wherewith the water swarmed.Ó
(3) Genesis 1:24 "living
creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals, all life on the land), "And
God said, Let the earth bring forth living
creatures (soul–nehphesh)
after their kind, cattle, and creeping things, and beasts of the earth." In
Genesis 1:21-24 every living thing on earth, whether in the water or on land,
every thing that has life is a nehphesh, a living being; nehphesh in all sea
life, all land life, or man is not inherent indestructible immortality, not an
immortal deathless Òsoul.Ó
(4) Genesis 1:30 "life"
(soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals),
"And to every beast of the earth,
and to every bird of the heavens, and to everything that creeps upon the earth,
wherein there is life" (soul–nehphesh);
animals are "a living soul."
ALL FOUR TIMES THAT SOUL (nehphesh) IS USED IN
GENESIS ONE IT IS USED REFERRING TO ANIMALS StrongÕs Hebrew word
#5315—Òa breathing creature, i.e. animal.Ó NOT TO A PERSON. ANIMALS WERE SOULS, LIVING BEINGS, BEFORE ANY MAN
EXISTED; BUT IT LOOKS AS IF THE TRANSLATORS DELIBERATELY HID THE FACT THAT IT
IS THE SAME WORD THAT THEY SOMETIMES TRANSLATED SOUL.
á
SOUL WHEN IT IS SPEAKING OF PEOPLE
á
LIVING CREATURES WHEN IT THE SAME WORD IS SPEAKING OF ANIMALS
"Then God said, 'Let the waters teem with
swarms of living souls (soul–nehpheshs), and
let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of the heavens.' And God
created the great sea monsters, and every living
soul (soul-nehphesh) that
moves, with which the waters swarmed after their kind, and every winged bird
after its kind; and God saw that it was good. And God blessed them, saying, 'Be
fruitful and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply
on the earth.' And there was evening and there was morning, a fifth day. Then
God said, 'Let the earth bring forth living
souls (soul–nehpheshs) after
their kind: cattle and creeping thing and beasts of the earth after their
kind'; and it was so...and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of
the air, and to everything that creeps upon the earth, wherein there is life (soul–nehphesh), I have
given every green herb for meat" (Genesis 1:20-30). ÒLiving
creatures" (soul–nehphesh)
is used to describe all living things on earth, people, animals, birds, and fish, not eternal life
or some immaterial invisible part of a person that is eternal. If a person
being a soul (nehphesh–a living being) makes that person be either
immortal or in the image of God, then it makes animals, birds, and fish being a
soul (nehphesh–a living being) also be immortal and in the image of God.
(5) Genesis 2:7 "A
living soul" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to a person, StrongÕs Hebrew word
#5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ) The
first time the King James Version translated nehphesh into "soul," most other translations did not agree with it,
not even the New King James Version. "Man
became a living being" New King James Version.
á
ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:20
á
ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:21
á
ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:24
á
ÒWherein there is life" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:30
á
ÒA living soul" (nehphesh) Genesis 2:7 "Man
became a living being" New
King James Version
o
It is obvious that the translators of the King James Version translated
according to a preconceived opinion in an attempt make persons have immortality
but keep animals from having souls; they made a distinction in animals and men
that dose not exist in the Hebrew Bible.
o
Genesis 2:7 Man became:
¤
ÒA living soul" King James Version
¤
"A living being" New King James Version, American Standard Version, New American
Standard Version, Revised Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, New
International Version, Amplified Version, The New American Bible.
¤
"A living person" New Century Version, The Living Bible, New Living Translation.
¤
"A living creature" The Revised English Bible, Young's Literal Translation.
¤
"Life" Contemporary English Version.
Although this passage is repeatedly used
to prove man has an immortal soul that animals do not have, most translations other
than the King James apply it to the living breathing being or person, not to an
invisible inter part of a person. Adam being spoken of as a "living being" (nehphesh StrongÕs
Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ) proves he was mortal, not immortal, just as all "living beings" (nehphesh) fish, birds, animals, are
mortal, not immortal. How can this be one of the proof texts used to prove Adam
was made with an immortal soul? If it proves Adam had an immortal soul then it
proves that fish have an immortal soul that cannot die.
It is importance to
understand that it is being said that both animals and mankind are a soul
(are living beings) not that animals or mankind have a soul (have a
part, an immortal, invisible, no substitute something in them that cannot die).
Many assume Genesis is saying only mankind has souls but animals do not. Because
of what they have been taught most, without realizing it they read into this
that only mankind has a soul that is an immortal, invisible, no substitutes
something that cannot die. This causes them to believe that only this
immortal part of them self will be saved (more on this at the end of this
chapter).
THE BREATH OF LIFE: Some have switched
from the soul being the immortal part of a person to the spirit being the
immortal part of a person that animals do not have. ÒThen the Lord God formed man of dust from the ground, and breathe into
his nostrils the breath of life; and
man became a living beingÓ The phrase
Òbreath of lifeÓ that was
breathed into man is the same Hebrew Òbreath
of lifeÓ in Genesis 7:21-22 that is in the nostrils of birds, cattle, men
and beasts; the Òbreath of lifeÓ in
animals is the same Òbreath of lifeÓ
that is in persons. The Òbreath of lifeÓ
(1) is not a immortal spirit, (2) is not a immortal soul that men now have but animals do not have; it
does not say that the Òbreath of lifeÓ
God breathed into Adam was an immortal deathless spirit or soul and his immortality
was passed on to all mankind; the breathless body that God made from the earth
is what became a living breathing being when the Òbreath of lifeÓ was breathed into the breathless body. God did not
tell Adam he had a body that was made from the earth but the real Adam was made
of something not from the earth; how can anyone not see that the Òbreath of lifeÓ in an earthly body of a
man or of an animal cannot be changed into an immortal spirit?
á
ÒBreathed into his nostrils
the breath of life (nshahmah)Ó man (Genesis 2:7)
á
ÒAll in whose nostrils was
the breath of life (nshahmah)Ó both man and animals have
the same Òbreath of life (nshahmah)Ó
(Genesis 7:22)
á
ÒSaved alive nothing that breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Deuteronomy
20:16)
á
ÒUtterly destroyed all that
breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Joshua
10:40)
á
ÒThere was not any left to breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Joshua
11:11)
á
ÒNeither left they any to breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Joshua
11:14)
o
Does an immortal immaterial deathless soul or spirit breathe or
die when breathing stops?
(6)
Genesis 2:19 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals), "Every beast...every
bird...whatsoever the man called every living
creature (soul–nehphesh),
that was the name thereof"
(7)
Genesis 9:4 "life" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals)
(8)
Genesis 9:5 "lives" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to man)
(9)
Genesis 9:5 "life" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to man)
(10)
Genesis 9:10 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals)
(11)
Genesis 9:12 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals)
(12)
Genesis 9:15 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to
man and animals)
(13)
Genesis 9:16 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to
man and animals)
-
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
A
birdÕs eye view of the translation of nehphesh in the first nine chapters
1.
ÒMoving creature that has life" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:20 - animals
2.
ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:21- animals
3.
ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:24 - animals
4.
ÒWherein there is life" (soul - nehphesh) Genesis 1:30 - animals
5.
ÒA living soul" (nehphesh) Genesis 2:7 - man
6.
ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 2:19 – animals
7.
ÒLife" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:4 - animals
8.
ÒLivesÓ (nehphesh) Genesis 9:5 - man
9.
ÒLife" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:5 - man
10.
ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:10 - animals
11.
ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:12 - animals
12.
ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:15 - man and animals
13.
ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:16 - man and animals
This is an example of
men attempting to cover up the truth when it is contradictory to their
theology. It takes a lot of preconceived theology to make nehphesh be an
immaterial invisible no substance part of a man that is now immortal that is
not in animals when it is not deliberately hid as it is in the King James
Version.
-
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
In Genesis 9:4-16 the same word is used
for both man and animals seven times in the same passage.
To animals five
times, to man four times
á
Three times to
animals alone
á
Two times to
animals and man together
á
Two times to
man alone
"But flesh with the LIFE (#1.
Soul–nehphesh, used referring
to animals) thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall you not eat. And surely your
blood, the blood of your LIVES (#2.
soul–nehphesh, used referring
to man), will I require; at the hand of
every beast will I require it: and at the hand of men, even at the hand of
every man's brother, will I require the LIFE
(#3. soul–nehphesh, used
referring to man) of man. Whoso sheds
man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed, for in the image of God made He
men. And you, be you fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the
earth, and multiply therein. And God spoke unto Noah, and to his sons with him,
saying, and I, behold, I establish my covenant with you and with your seed
after you; and every LIVING CREATURE
(#4. soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) that is with you, of
the fowl, and the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you; from all
that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth. And I will establish my
covenant with you; neither shall the waters of a flood cut off all flesh be any
more; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth. And God
said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and
every LIVING CREATURE (#5. soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) that is with you, for perpetual generation: I do set my bow in the
cloud, and it shall be a token of a covenant between me and the earth. And it
shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be
seen in the cloud: and I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you
and every LIVING CREATURE (#6. soul–nehphesh, used referring to
man and animals) of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy
all flesh. And the bow shall be in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I
may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every LIVING CREATURE (#7. soul–nehphesh,
used referring to man and animals) of all flesh that is upon the earth."
All four times that soul (nehphesh) is
used in Genesis 1; it is referring to animals, not to a person. IN TEN OF THE
FIRST THIRTEEN TIMES SOUL (NEHPHESH) IS USED IT IS USED REFERRING TO ANIMALS,
but the King James Version hides this by using different words, and most who
read the King James Version never know it. Nehphesh
is translated "soul" only
one time of the first thirteen times it is used in the King James Version; but
it is not translated "soul"
in any of the first thirteen times it is used in the New King James Version,
New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, or New
International Version. Mankind has the
same soul (life–nehphesh) as the other "living creatures." He does not differ from other living
creatures (soul–nehphesh) by having a soul (nehphesh) that cannot die.
His dominion over other living creatures (other nehpheshs–souls) is not
his nehphesh.
Mike Willis said
expositors have generally appealed to Genesis 2:7 to prove that all men are
born with and now have immortal spirits. However, in 1 Corinthians 15:45, Paul
has clearly expounded the meaning of the Hebrew words nehphesh, chayyah. "The living soul" of Genesis 2:7 is
the natural body of this passage. He said this corresponds with the book of
Genesis itself because the same construction is used in Genesis 1:24 to
describe animals. When Moses recorded that God breathed into man's nostrils the
breath of life and he became a living soul, what the writer of Genesis was
saying was that the dust of the earth began to have animal life and does not
prove that a person has an immortal spirit (soul); rather it states that a
person has animal life. All men possess animal life through Adam. A Commentary
On Paul's First Epistle To the Corinthians, Page 578, 1979. For one who knows
the Bible as he does and believes a person has an immortal soul, yet says, the
living soul of Genesis 2:7 is the natural body, proves beyond doubt that a
living soul is not an immortal inter part of a person. ÒThe first man Adam became a living soulÉthe first man is of the
earth, earthyÓ (1 Corinthians 15:45-49).
Guy N. Woods said the
first time in Genesis 1:20 the word soul is used is from the Hebrew nehphesh
where it is assigned to fish, birds, and creeping things. He said it is clear
that the soul in these passages does not refer to anything peculiar to the
constitution of man, but it signifies, as its usage denotes, and the lexicons
affirm, any creature that breathes. "What Is The Soul Of Man," Gospel
Advocate, 1985, Number 21.
Adam Clarke: "Nephesh
clayyah; a general term to express all creatures endued with animal life,
in any of its infinitely varied gradations, from the half reasoning elephant
down to the stupid potto, or lower still, to the polype, which seems equally to
share the vegetable and animal life."
In
the first nine chapters of Genesis soul (nehphesh—StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ) is
used more often with reference to animals than it is with reference to persons; it is
the animal life, which both a person and animals have in common. How did the translators know when it changed to an invisible inter
immortal part of a person, which animals do not have?
Note: both man
and animals are souls, living beings. We are a soul, not have a soul. If we have a
soul, have a living being in us, then we are one living being with another
living being living in us, a living being living in another living being. The doctrine that we have a soul living
in us, and it is only this immortal deathless part of us that will be saved or
tormented forever is the foundation of many of the errors that have divided the
churches. That we are a soul (we are
a living being), not we have a soul (not
have a living being living in us) is one of the most fundamental and most misunderstood
teaching in the bible.
(14)
Genesis 12:5 "And the people (soul–nehphesh) whom they had acquired" New King
James Version ("soul" in
King James Version.)
(15)
Genesis 12:13 "That I (soul–nehphesh) may live because of you" New King
James Version ("soul" in
King James Version.)
(16)
Genesis 14:21 "Give me the persons (soul–nehphesh) and take the goods" King James
Version.
(17)
Genesis 17:14 "That person (soul–nehphesh) shall be cut off" New King James
Version.
(18)
Genesis 19:17 "Escape for your life (soul–nehphesh)"
King James Version.
(19)
Genesis 19:19 "Saving my life (soul–nehphesh)"
King James Version.
In
the first nineteen times nehphesh is used it is translated ÒsoulÓ
¤
Only three times in the
King James Version
¤
None in the New King James
Version
¤
None in the New American
Standard Version
¤
None in the New Revised
Standard Version
¤
None in the New
International Version.
(20)
Genesis 19:20 "That my life (soul–nehphesh) may be saved" New American
Standard Version (Translated soul for the fourth time in the King James Version
and first time in the New King James Version).
(21)
Genesis 23:8 "If it be your mind (soul–nehphesh)"
King James Version
(22)
Genesis 27:4 "So that I may bless
you before I (soul–nehphesh)
die" New Revised Standard
Version.
á
"So that I (nehphesh) may bless you
before I die" Revised Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version
á
"So that I (nehphesh) may give you my
blessing before I die" New International Version
á
"So that I (nehphesh) may give you my
blessing before I die" Revised English Bible
á
"To give you my (nehphesh) blessing before I
die" Amplified Bible
á
"That I (nehphesh) may give you my
special blessing before I die" New American Bible
á
"Then I (nehphesh) will bless you
before I die" New Century Version
á
"Then I (nehphesh) will pronounce
the blessing that belongs to you, my firstborn son, before I die" New
Living Translation
á
"I (nehphesh) want to eat it
once more and give you by blessing before I die" Contemporary English
Version
á
"That I (nehphesh) may eat of it, (preparatory)
to giving you (as my first-born) my blessing before I die" Amplified
Bible
á
"That my soul (nehphesh) may bless thee
before I die" King James Version. How would Isaac's son know if he
were blessed by an "immaterial
invisible" no substance part of a person that he could not see? By
this time, hundreds of years after Genesis 1:1, the King James translators must
have been desperate to be able to put "soul" into the Bible.
Up to Genesis
27:4 for hundreds of years nehphesh is translated soul:
á
Only four times out of twenty-two in the King James Version.
á
Only one time out of twenty-two in the New King James Version.
á
None in The New International Version and most others translations.
Nehphesh has been
used 21 times before the New King James Version used "soul" for the
first time, but even then the translators of many versions have chosen not to
translate it "soul." In Genesis
"nehphesh" is not an immortal "immaterial,
invisible part of man," but it is the life, living creature, living
being, any living thing, whether animals, fish, or man. If the translators had
continued to translate nehphesh as life, living creature, living being, or
person, as they did in the first twenty-one times it is used, there may not be
the divisions there are today. Why did they not translate nehphesh into soul in
the first part of the Bible that covers hundreds of years? Maybe because they
thought it would have made animals have souls, and they did not believe animals
could have souls. I find it difficult to see how anyone could not call
their honesty into question for it is undeniable that they put their belief
over the word of God and deliberately hid the truth from their readers;
deliberately hid the truth from you.
(23)
Genesis 32:30 "My life (soul–nehphesh) is preserved" King James Version.
Most translations use "life" in this passage for an immortal soul could
not perish and would not need to be preserved.
(24) Genesis 34:3
(25) Genesis 34:8
(26) Genesis 35:18
(27)
Genesis 36:6 "All the persons (nehphesh) of his house" King James Version
(28) Genesis 37:21 "Let
us not kill him (nehphesh)"
King James Version. It was observe to the translators that they could not
translate this nehphesh into soul, after all in immortal soul could not be
killed.
(29)
Job 12:10 "In whose hand is the soul (soul–nehphesh, used
referring to animals) of every living thing, and the breath of all
mankind." "The life of
every living thing" New American Standard Bible
(30)
Job 41:21 "His breath (soul–nehphesh, used referring to an animal, possibly a crocodile)"
(31)
Isaiah 19:10 "All that make sluices
and ponds for fish (soul–nehphesh,
used referring to animals, fish)"
King James Version. Although nehphesh is in the Hebrew, many translations seems
not to know what to do with it and just took it out or completely changed it
for they did not want a soul to be in a pond.
(32)
Jeremiah 2:24 "A wild ass used to
the wilderness, that snuffed up the wind in
her (soul–nehphesh, used referring to an animal) desire"
(33)
Proverbs 27:7 ÒThe full soul (nehphesh) loathes an honeycomb; but to the hungry soul (nehphesh)" ever bitter thing is sweet.Ó How could
the translators think an immaterial something could be full or could be hungry
for honey?
á
ÒA sated man (nehphesh) loathes
honey, but to a famished man (nehphesh)
any bitter thing is sweetÓ New
American Standard Bible.
á
ÒHe (nehphesh) who is full
loathes honey, but to the hungry even what is bitter tastes sweetÓ New
International Version.
(34)
Numbers 31:28 "And levy a tribute
unto the Lord of the men of war which went out to battle: one soul (nehphesh–used
referring to man and animals) of five hundred, both of the persons, and of
the beeves, and of the asses and of the sheep." Of about 870 times
ÒnepheshÓ is in the Old Testament this and Job 12:10 are the only passages
where the King James translators translated ÒnepheshÓ as ÒsoulÓ when it has
reference to animals and is maybe that the only reason they did this time is
that it has equal reference to people as it does to animals and they had no
choice.
"So
carefully has the translation of nehphesh been guarded in relation to animals
as 'souls,' that we can't help but wonder if it were not done intentionally to
conceal the fact that animals are souls as well as men." David J.
Heinizman, "Man Became A Living Soul"
(35
to 870) It would be to long to quote all the 870 times the Hebrew word nehphesh
is in the Old Testament with just over one-half being translated "soul,"
about
473 times in King James Version.
Not
once do any of them imply anything about life beyond the grave or about the
soul being immortal. Soul is in the New International Version Old Testament
only 72 times.
1.
Life about 122 times
2.
Person about 26 times
3.
Mind about 15 times
4.
Heart about 15 times
5.
Personal pronouns 44 + times (yourselves,
themselves, her, me, he, his, himself)
6.
All others, about 200 times (man, creature,
living being, own, any, living thing, lives, the dead, dead body, kills, slays,
slay him, mortally, discontented, ghost, breath, will, appetite, hearty desire,
desire, pleasure, lust, deadly, fish). All
870 times have one thing in common, they are all associated with the activity
of a living being, including dying, and it never implies anything about life
after the death of the living being, they are all speaking of living beings
that will die, not of an immortal deathless something in a living being. None
of the 870 times are an immortal inter part of a person; they are a living
being that can die, be killed, or be dead.
Nehphesh is always associated with the activity of earthly breathing beings,
both of person(s) and animal(s). It never implies anything about life beyond
the grave. IT IS NEVER TRANSLATED "SPIRIT."
Although nehphesh—StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ is translated into about thirty-five words
they all have reference to a mortal being, animal or person, none to an
Òimmaterial invisible part of a personÓ except soul only some of the times it
is used.
1.
How could nehphesh be a mortal breathing creature in thirty-four
of the words into which it is translated?
2.
And an immortal something that does not breath only in one of the
thirty-five words? Is it
because this is the only word that they could use to put the Pagan immortal
soul into the Bible, but were not able to translate it into an immortal
invisible something all the times it was used?
Can one word be
rightly translated this way? Can a word that is not a pronoun be rightly
translated into a pronoun as it is in the King James Version? How could the
translators know when to change the noun into a pronoun, know when this word
was a mortal being and when the same word was an immortal being? No one reading some of the English
translations of the Bible would have any way of knowing that all these words
are translations (or mistranslations) of only one word. Did the translators
do so because they wanted to make a person be an "immortal being,"
and more than a "living creatures?" In almost one half of the times
nehphesh is used in the Old Testament, even the King James translators could
not translate it "soul." When the all-knowing God used just one word,
why did the translators use many words and change it as they wished to from a
noun to a pronoun? Did they think that for all the years from Adam unto Christ,
God thought people could understand just one word, but now about forty words
are needed to translate one word? If one word were all that was needed from
Adam unto the translation of the King James Version, why would God's one word
not be enough today? Do the translators think they have improved the Hebrew Old
Testament? The use of many words came when the Catholic Church brought in
unconditional immortality, and they had to get it into the Bible. The Hebrew
manuscripts still have just one word–nehphesh, which was the one word God
inspired. Were the translators inspired to change it to many words?
Nehphesh is
translated soul far fewer times in
the New American Standard Version and in most other translations, including the
New King James Version, than it is in the King James Version. Were they going
as far as they dared to in correcting the King James Version?
The way soul is understood and used today in
English (an inter undying part of a person)
makes putting the word soul in a
translation for the English people today be a false and deliberately misleading
translation for it makes it where today's
English reader cannot know what God said, and will understand only what the
prejudiced outlook the translators wanted their readers to understand who they
know would understand the word soul only
as it is used today. Without much study of Bible words, which most Bible
reader will never do, they cannot know what God said to them when they read the
word soul and will think that the somewhat
prejudice outlook of the translator is the word of God. God's word has been
deliberately replaced with the teaching of man (Matthew 15:9) in a way that
will have more influence on our conception of what our nature is and the nature
of all living beings than any other question.
THE ÒSOULÓ
AND ÒEATING OF BLOODÓ
Is the immortal "soul" (nehphesh) in the blood? Is a part of a person that many say it lives after the death of
the body in the blood of both men and animals? (Leviticus 17:10-15) In only six
verses nehphesh is used ten times but the translators concealed this from their
reads by translating nehphesh as both life and soul, always life the four times
it was speaking of animals, and soul the six times it was speaking of a person;
does this not show their reluctance to let us see what God said to us?
The same word translated soul six times
and life four times in the King James Version
á
Used referring to animals four
times—nehphesh translated life four times
á
Used referring to man six times—nehphesh
translated soul six times
"I will even set my face against that
SOUL (person–nehphesh,
used referring to man) that eats blood,
and will cut him off from among his people. For the LIFE (soul–nehphesh,
used referring to animals) of the flesh is in the blood: and I have
given it to you upon the altar to make an atonement for your SOULS: (nehphesh, used referring to
man) for it is the blood that makes an
atonement for the SOUL (nehphesh,
used referring to man). Therefore I said
unto the children of Israel, no SOUL
(nehphesh, used referring to man) of
you shall eat blood...For it is the LIFE
(soul–nehphesh, used referring
to animals) of all flesh; the blood of it is for the LIFE (soul–nehphesh,
used referring to animals) thereof; therefore I said unto the children
of Israel, no SOUL (nehphesh,
used referring to man) shall eat the
blood of no manner of flesh: for the LIFE (soul-nehphesh,
used referring to animals) of all flesh is the blood thereof: whosoever
eats it shall be cut off. And every SOUL
(nehphesh, used referring to man) that
eats that which died of itself...he shall wash his clothes, and bath himself in
water" In this passage, the King James Version translated the same
word "soul" six times when it used referring to man and
"life" four times when it used referring to animals. Can anyone not
see how the translators picked when they wanted "nehphesh" to be
"soul" and when they wanted "nehphesh" to be
"life"? They could not let an immortal soul be in the blood nor could
they let animals have an immortal soul. Their theology said a man had to have a
soul, but an animal could not, and they were not willing that their reader see
that the word "nehphesh" is used referring to both, and that both do
not have a soul but are a soul.
The vanishing use of soul in Leviticus 17:10-15
Leviticus 17:10-15
New Revised Standard Version, "If
anyone of the house of Israel or of the aliens who reside among them eats any
blood, I will set my face against that PERSON
(nehphesh) who eats blood, and will
cut that PERSON (nehphesh) off from the people. For the LIFE (nehphesh) of the flesh is in the blood; and I have
given it to you for making atonement for your LIVES (nehphesh) on the
altar, for, as LIFE, (nehphesh) it is the blood that makes atonement.
Therefore I have said to the people of Israel: No PERSON (nehphesh) among
you shall eat blood...For the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature-its blood is its LIFE; (nehphesh) therefore I have said to the people of
Israel: You shall not eat the blood of any creature, for the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature is its blood; whoever eats it shall be cut off. All PERSONS, (nehphesh) citizens or aliens, who eat what dies of
itself...shall wash their clothes, and bathe themselves in water"
Leviticus 17:10-15
New International Version, "Any
Israelite or any alien living among them who eats any blood-I will set my face
against that PERSON (nehphesh) who eats blood and will cut HIM (nehphesh) off from his people. For the LIFE
(nehphesh) of a creature is in
the blood, and I have given it to you to make atonement for YOURSELVES (nehphesh) on the altar; it is the blood that makes
atonements for one's LIFE (nehphesh). Therefore I say to the Israelites, 'None
of YOU (nehphesh) may eat blood, nor may an alien living
among you eat blood'...because the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature is its blood. That is why
I have said to the Israelites, You must not eat the blood of any creature,
because the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature is its blood; anyone who
eats it must be cut off. ANYONE (nehphesh), whether native-born or alien, who eats
anything found dead or torn by wild animals must wash his clothes and bathe
with water'."
Ashley S. Johnson, founder
and president of the Johnson Bible College: ÒGenerally the world ÔsoulÕ in the ordinary
version should be life,Ó ÒThe Resurrection
And The Future Life,Ó Page 336, 1913, Knoxville Lithographing Company.
MAN "BECAME A LIVING BEING" Genesis 1:26 "Then God
said, 'Let Us make MAN in Our
image,'" not "Let Us make the soul of man in Our Image"
Genesis 2:7. "Then the Lord formed MAN of dust from the ground and
breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; (not breathed into the body
an immortal undying no substance soul, but the breath of life, which both men
and animals have), and MAN became a living being."
Not a body + an immortal soul, but "a
living being." Not two beings, a body being (a person) with an-inter invisible
soul being living in the person. How can the breath of life (breathing) in your
nose be an immortal something that dose not breathe?
The body of dust + the breath of life = a
living soul (a living being-nehphesh),
Genesis 2:7. The breath of life without the body would not be a person or
animal. It would not be a living being, not a nehphesh. All living creatures,
whether they are animals or sea-dwelling creatures, are souls (nehpheshs–living
beings).
Man, not merely a body, is formed from the dust of the ground. Man
is in the image of God; it is not just an invisible something in a person that
has no substance that is in the image of God. Some believe Adam might have loss
possible immorality when he loss the tree of life, but if he did or did not it
was not a loss of being made in the image of God; after Adam was put out of the
garden he was still in the image of God, mankind is still in the image of God.
á
If Adam
was created innate immortal what was the purpose of the tree of life? If he had
an immortal soul that was created not subject to death then the tree of life
could have had no purpose. All the other trees were given to nourish their
bodies; the tree of life had a difference purpose just as it does in Revelation
2:7; 22:14.
The Bible says, "Man became a living
soul" is changed to, "Man was given a soul" or ÒMan had a soul put in him.Ó There is a
world of difference in a person being a living soul and a person having
a soul. Both man and animals are a living soul, neither one have
a soul. If the breath of life in his nostrils in Genesis 2:7 makes a person
have an immortal part (spirit) living in him or her that cannot die, then "all in whose nostrils was the breath
of the spirit of life" in Genesis 7:22 would also prove all beasts,
birds, and fish have an immortal part (soul) living in them that cannot die.
ANIMALS ARE
"SOULS" nehphesh–living creature
Animals ARE souls–a living being, not
animals HAVE souls–an immaterial, invisible, no substance, deathless
something. In Genesis 1:20; 1:21;
1:24; 1:30, most translations try to hide this. WHY? Why is it "living creature" when used
referring to animals and "soul"
when used referring to a person? There is no excuse or defense for it. It is a
deliberate attempt by the translators, who did not believe God's word as it is,
to mislead; all Bible teachers should point this out to all they teach (James
3:1). If "the living soul" (nehphesh)
is the immortal part of a person, then bugs, all sea creatures, all birds, and
all animals have an immortal soul. In Genesis "Living soul" is used more of these creatures than it is of
man.
Passages
in which soul (nehphesh) is speaking of animals being souls
Many believe, "The living soul" in Genesis 2:7 is the one distinctive
thing that makes a person different from an animal, but if this makes a person
have an immortal soul in them, there is no way around all living things having
immortal souls in them. In these
passages bugs, birds, fish, persons, are "living beings," not a
deathless, immaterial something.
John T, Willis: "The last two lines
of verse 7 affirm that a person's life is God-given. God enables a person to
breathe, and thus, to be alive, as he does other creatures (see Genesis 7:22).
Some have tried to justify a threefold division of man into flesh (or body),
soul, and spirit from Genesis 2:7. They equate dust with flesh or body, breath
with spirit, and insist that the last phrase of the verse must be translated as
'a living soul.' However, this understanding reads more into the biblical text
than it really says. (1) The Hebrew words for 'flesh' or 'body' and 'spirit' do
not occur in this passage. (2) The Hebrew expression nehphesh chayyah, which
some insist on translating 'a living soul,' is used of fish and marine life in
Genesis 1:30; and beasts and birds in 2:19. If 'soul' means the eternal part
of a person or the sum total of man's 'body' and 'spirit' in Genesis 2:7, it
must mean the eternal part of a fish
or the sum total of a fish's 'body' and 'spirit' in Genesis 1:20, 21; etc.
(3) The flow of the context in Genesis 2:7 indicates that the word translated being in RSV (nehphesh) means the whole person.
The author's emphasis is on the gift of life" "The Living Word
Commentary On the Old Testament - Genesis" Page 103-104, Sweet Publishing
Company, 1979, Church of Christ.
Erdmann Dictionary of
the Bible: "Far from referring simply to one aspect of a person, 'soul'
refers to the whole person" Page 1245.
Holman Bible Dictionary: "A human
being is a totality of being, not a combination of various parts and impulses. According to the Old Testament
understanding, a person is not a body, which happens to possess a soul.
Instead, a person is a living soul...Because of God's breath of life; the
man became 'a living being' (Gen. 2:7). A person thus is a complete totality,
made up of human flesh, spirit (best understood as "the life-force'), and
nephesh (best understood as "the total self' but often translated as
'soul')" Page 61.
International Standard
Bible Encyclopedia: "There is not dualism in the sense of separation, as
though there could be full man either as body alone or as soul alone...together
they make up the one man" Volume 1, Page 134.
T.
Pierce Brown: "A consideration of EVERY passage in which these terms are
used leads us to the consideration that the term 'soul' is a term that was
applied in the Bible to every being that normally has sensory capacities
(life), whether or not they have that capacity when the term is used referring
to them. For example, one might see a body of a dead person and say, 'That poor
soul is dead.' The Bible uses the term that way, even as we do, and it has
nothing at all to do with the immorality or mortality of the soul. It simply
means that the PERSON (the one who HAD life-soul-sensory capacity) is dead."
"Soul and Spirit" Gospel Advocate, June 14, 1979, Church of Christ.
(1)
Nehphesh (soul): When nehphesh is
used referring only to animals is
translated nine different ways in the King James Version.
(2)
Nehphesh (soul): When it is used
referring to BOTH Animals and Man is translated in three different
ways.
1.
Creature (soul–nehphesh) Genesis 9:15; 9:16
2.
The life (soul–nehphesh) Leviticus 17:11; 17:14
3.
Soul (soul–nehphesh) Numbers 31:28
(3)
Nehphesh (soul): When it has the
animal appetites and desires of Man
is translated in five different ways. (1) Soul, (2) pleasure, (3) lust, (4)
appetite, (5) and greedy
1. Translated Soul (Nehphesh) 13 things the "soul" (person)
does
o The soul dried away
Numbers 11:6
o The soul lusts
Deuteronomy 12:15; 12:21; 14:26
o The soul longs to eat flesh
Deuteronomy 12:20
o The soul lusts after
Deuteronomy 12:20
o The soul desires
Deuteronomy 14:26; 1 Samuel 2:16
o The soul loathes
Deuteronomy 21:5
o The soul refused Job
6:7
o The soul abhorred Job
33:20; Psalm 107:18
o The soul hunger Proverbs
6:30
o The soul satisfying
Proverbs 13:25
o The soul empty Isaiah
29:8
o The soul has appetite
Isaiah 29:8
o The soul desired figs
Micah 7:1
2. Translated pleasure (soul–nehphesh) Deuteronomy 23:24
3. Translated lust (soul–nehphesh) Psalm 78:18
4. Translated appetite (soul–nehphesh) Proverbs 23:2. Ecclesiastes 6:7
5. Translated greedy (soul–nehphesh) Isaiah 56:11
THE SOUL (PERSON-NEHPHESH) CAN BE HUNGRY,
HAVE
AN APPETITE, BE THIRSTY, EAT MEAT
"Men
do not despise a thief if he steals to satisfy himself (soul–nehphesh) when he is hungry" (Proverbs 6:30).
"I will set my
face against that soul (soul–nehphesh) that eats
blood, and will cut him off from among his people" (Leviticus 17:10).
"And you shall
say, I will eat flesh, because your soul
(soul–nehphesh) desires to
eat flesh; you may eat flesh, after all the desire of your soul (soul–nehphesh)"
(Deuteronomy 12:20).
"And it shall be
as when a hungry man dreams and, behold, he eats; but he awakes, and his soul (soul–nehphesh) is empty; or as when a thirsty man dreams,
and behold, he drinks; but he awakes, and, behold, he is faint, and his soul (soul-nehphesh) has appetite" (Isaiah 29:8).
SOUL IS THE LIFE, NOT AN IMMORTAL SOMETHING
ÒYou shall
not eat flesh with its life (soul–nehphesh)Ó (Genesis 9:4)
ÒFor
the life (soul– nehphesh) of the fleshÓ
(Leviticus 17:11; 17:14)
ÒThose
who seek my life (soul–nehphesh)Ó (Psalm 38:12)
ÒFor
those who sought the ChildÕs life (soul–psuche) are deadÕ (Matthew
2:20)
Many more passage that show that both
nehphesh and are the life of the person or animal, not in immortal something
that has itÕs own life and lives after the person is dead.
IF A SOUL CAN DIE
IT
CANNOT BE IMMORTAL
Can whatever is intended by the Hebrew
word "nehphesh" die? The Bible says over 320 times that the nehphesh (soul):
1.
Can die
2.
Can be killed
by man
3.
Or that it is
already dead
If
it can die, then whatever "nehphesh" is translated into IS something that can die. If the many words that "nehphesh"
is translated into is something that can die, then the soul cannot be immortal,
and it can die. To say that "nehphesh" (soul) is immortal and
cannot die makes the Bible be wrong repeatedly. If the soul (nehphesh) is
immortal and cannot die, the writers of the Bible did not know it.
SOULS CAN
DIE, CAN BE DEAD
(1). Souls (nehpheshs) can die Numbers 23:10, Ezekiel 18:4, 20, Joshua 11:11. "They smote all the souls" (nehphesh). An immortal soul can die? Not only does the Bible not say the soul is
immortal, it denies it by saying often that the soul can die or be killed or is
already dead.
(2). Souls (nehpheshs) can be murdered. Deuteronomy 12:23; Numbers 35:11-15.
(3). Souls (nehpheshs) can be killed Leviticus 24:17. An immortal soul can be killed? "Kills any person" (soul-nehphesh) Numbers 35:11, 15, 30, 31
(4) ÒLet us not take his lifeÓ (soul-nehphesh) Genesis 37:21
(5). Souls (nehpheshs) can be smote with the sword and utterly destroyed Joshua 11:11
(6). Souls (nehpheshs) can be slain. An immortal soul can be slain? Deuteronomy 27:25
(7). Souls (nehpheshs) can be destroyed. An immortal soul can be destroyed? Leviticus
23:30
(8). Souls (nehpheshs) can be taken away 1 Kings 19:4
(9). Souls (nehpheshs) can be sought to kill it Jeremiah 44:30
(10). Souls (nehpheshs) cannot be kept alive. An immortal soul that cannot die but it
cannot be kept alive? Psalm 22:29
(11). Souls (nehpheshs) have blood and can bleed. "The blood of the souls of the
poor" Jeremiah 2:34
(12). "Let us not take his life (soul–nehphesh)" Genesis 37:21
(13). "Life
(soul–nehphesh) for life (soul–nehphesh) Immortal soul for immortal soul?" Exodus 21:23
(14). "Any dead body (soul–nehphesh)" Leviticus 21:11
(15). "That
person (soul–nehphesh) will I destroy" Leviticus 23:30
(16). "And
if a man takes the life (soul–nehphesh) of any human
being" Leviticus 24:17. Does anyone believe a person can take an
immortal soul of any human being?
(17). "And
he that smites any man mortally shall be put to death. And he that smites a
beast mortally shall make it good, life (soul–nehphesh) for life (soul nehphesh) (soul for soul?)" Leviticus 24:18
(18). "Because of a dead person (soul–nehphesh)"
Numbers 5:2
(19). "He
shall not go near to a dead person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 6:6
(20). "Because of a dead person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 6:11
(21). "Unclean
because of the dead person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 9:6, 7
(23). "Because of a dead person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 9:10
(23). "The
one who touches the corpse of any person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 19:11
(24). "Anyone
who touches a corpse, the body (soul–nehphesh) of a man who has
died" Numbers 19:13. How could anyone touch the corpse of something
that has no substance and cannot die? ÒAnd
the soul (nehphesh)" that touches itÓ (Numbers 19:22). By
todayÕs definition of soul, (1) an immaterial something is dead and touched by
man (2) and an immaterial soul touches a dead person.
(25). "Whosoever
has killed any person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 31:19
(26). "The
manslayer who has killed any person (soul–nehphesh)"
Numbers 35:11
(27). "Anyone
who kills a person (soul–nehphesh) unintentionally may flee there" Numbers 35:15
(28). "If anyone kills a person (soul–nehphesh)" Numbers 35:30
(29). "And take his life (soul–nehphesh)"
Deuteronomy 19:6
(30). "And strikes him so that he
(soul–nehphesh) dies" Deuteronomy 19:11
(31). "Life (soul-nehphesh)
for life
(soul–nehphesh), eye for eye,
tooth for tooth" Deuteronomy 19:21
(32). "A
man rises against his neighbor and murders
him (soul-nehphesh)"
Deuteronomy 22:26
(33). "Cursed be he who takes a bride to slay
an innocent person (soul–nehphesh)" Deuteronomy 27:25
(34). "And deliver our lives (souls–nehpheshs) from death" Joshua 2:13
(35). "Our
life (soul–nehphesh) for yours"
Joshua 2:13. Not, ÒOur immortal souls for your immortal soulsÓ
(36). "And
they smote all the souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were therein
with the edge of the sword, utterly
destroying them; there were none left that breathed" Joshua 11:11
(37). "He
utterly destroyed them and all the souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were therein; he left none remaining" Joshua 10:28
(38). "And
he smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were therein; he left none remaining in it" Joshua 10:30
(39). "And
all the souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were
therein" Joshua 10:32
(40). "And
all the souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were therein
he utterly destroyed that day"
Joshua 10:35
(41). "But
he utterly destroyed it, and all the
souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were
therein" Joshua 10:37.
(42). "And
he captured it and its king and all its cities, and they smote them with the
edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed
all the souls (souls–nehpheshs) that were
therein" Joshua 10:39. Can immortal souls be utterly destroyed with
the sword?
(43). "Who kills any person (soul–nehphesh)" Joshua 20:9. Not, ÒWho kills any immortal soul
that cannot be killedÓ
(44). "That kills any person (soul–nehphesh)" Joshua 20:3
(45). "That
his soul (soul–nehphesh) was vexed to death" Judges 16:16 "annoyed
to death" New American Standard Version. We say, "He worried
me to dead"
(46). "Let
me (soul–nehphesh) die" Judges 16:30. "Let my soul that cannot die, die
anyway?"
(47). "And
you lose your life (soul–nehphesh), with the lives (souls–nehphesh) of your
household" Judges 18:25
(48). "If
you do not save your life (soul–nehphesh) tonight" 1
Samuel 19:11
(49). "The
death of all the persons (souls–nehpheshs) of your father's
house" 1 Samuel 22:22
(50). "He
that seeks my life (soul–nehphesh) seeks your life (soul–nehphesh)" 1 Samuel 22:23
(51). "He is seeking my life (soul–nehphesh)" 1 Samuel 20:1
(52). "And David saw that Saul was come out to seek his life (soul–nehphesh)" 1 Samuel 23:15
(53). "You
are lying in wait for my soul (soul–nehphesh) to take it"
1 Samuel 24:11
(54). "To
pursue you and to seek your soul (soul–nehphesh1 Samuel 25:29 also 2 Samuel 4:8, 16:11, 1 Kings 19:10,
14, Psalm 35:4, 38:12, 35:13, 40:14, 40:15, Jeremiah 40:14, 40:15
(55). "Deliver
him that smote his brother, that we may
kill him for the life (soul–nehphesh) of his brother
whom he slew" 2 Samuel 14:7
(56). "Who
today have saved your life (soul–nehphesh) and the lives (souls-nehpheshs) of your sons and daughter, the lives (soul–nehphesh) of your wives, and
the lives (souls-nehpheshs) of your
concubines" 2 Samuel 19:5
(57). "Have
you asked for the life (soul–nehphesh) of your
enemies" 1 Kings 3:11
(58). "Prolong
my life (soul–nehphesh)" Job 6:11. Prolong the life of an immortal soul?
(59). "For
himself that he might die, and said,
It is enough; now, O Lord, take my life
(soul-nehphesh)" 1 Kings 19:4
(60). "A
man that is laden with the blood of any
person (soul–nehphesh) shall flee unto
the pit; let no man stay him" Proverbs 28:17
(61). "The
blood of the souls (souls–nehpheshs) of the innocent poor" Jeremiah 2:34. An immaterial, invisible,
part of a person that has no substance had blood!
(62). "Ammon has sent Ishmael the son of Nethaniah to take your life (soul-nehphesh)...wherefore should he take your life (soul–