IMMORTALITY

OR

RESURRECTION

 

Subtitled: The Resurrection, Our Only Hope Of Life After Death

 

William Robert West

 Church of Christ

 

Author of ÒThe Rapture And IsraelÓ

 

 

Is

 

"The Wages Of Sin Death"

 

Or Is

 

"The Wages Of Sin Eternal Life With Torment In Hell"

 

 

 

An Immortal Soul and the Doctrine of Hell

 

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Foreword

     What does the Bible say about an immortal soul and/or spirit? Together soul and spirit are used about 1,600 times in the Bible, but not one time is immortal ever used in the same verse with either one, Òimmortality soul or spirit,Ó Òdeathless or never dying soul or spiritÓ is not in the Bible, not even in the King James Version. Immortal and immortality is not in the Old Testament, the promise of immortality is given to no one. In the New Testament, immortal is used only one time in the New Testament, immortality is used five times, all by Paul. What does he say?

  1. "Now unto the King eternal, immortal" (1 Timothy 1:17).
  2. Only God has immortality (1 Timothy 6:16).
  3. Christ "abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel" (2 Timothy 1:10).
  4. "To them (Christians) that...seek for glory and honor and immortality" (Romans 2:7).
  5. "This mortal must put on immortality" (1 Corinthians 15:53) at the resurrection.
  6. "This mortal shall have put on immortality" (1 Corinthians 15:54) after the resurrection. This mortal person must put on immortality, not this soul that is already immortal must put on immortality.

     Why are we to "seek for immortality" if we are born immortal? Why will we "put on immortality" if the only part of us that will ever be immortal has been immortal from birth (or before birth)? The fact that a person must "seek for...immortality" and immortality must be "put on" at the resurrection is conclusive proof that a person does not now have it. If Romans 2:7 and 1 Corinthians 15:53 teaches nothing more, it teaches that no part of a person now possess immortality. Not one passage in the Bible says anyone is now immortal; if no one is now immortal, no one can now have a soul that is now immortal. The immortal soul theology is from pagan philosophy, if all have a deathless soul, and we are told that this deathless soul is the only part of a person that will ever be immortal, and it is already immortal, the resurrection is made to be useless.

     There are only two views that are commonly believed about what will happen to mankind after death.

     View one: The belief that everyone has a soul in them that will live forever and cannot die makes it not possible for death to be the wages of sin. If a person has something in them that deathless it would not be subject to the wages of sin, which is death, and it could not ever be destroyed; it would be born with eternal life and could never die, therefore, it could not be resurrected from the dead. This view has two major divisions.

1.       That all mankind has a "soul" that cannot ever die or be destroyed, but for most of mankind God will forever torment this part of a person they call "soul."

2.       Universalism: that all mankind has a "soul" that cannot ever die or be destroyed, everyone has something in them that will live forever but it will be saved. If it (the immortal soul) is not saved in this lifetime it will be saved after death.

     View two: The wages of sin is death, and the lost will die the second death, they do not now have eternal life and never will, those who do not belong to Christ will forever be destroyed after their judgment. Those who do not believe this view gave it the name "annihilation." This name is not in the Bible, but what it means is eternal destruction, nevertheless, I think it best not to call Bible teaching by a name not in the Bible.

      Most Protestant Premillennialists believe the lost will be totally destroyed but there are three Premillennial views that are common in Protestant churches on how or where the lost will be destroyed.

1.       Many Protestant Premillennialists believe that the destruction of the lost will be on this earth and the saved will forever live on this earth; no person will ever be in Heaven. Many believe the Valley of Gehenna will be restored and the lost will literally be burn to ashes in it.

2.       Some Protestant Premillennialists believe that the saved will be with Christ in Heaven, not on earth after the thousand years, the second death will be the end of the lost, but they are not literally burned to ashes on this earth in the restored Valley of Gehenna.

3.       Some Protestant Premillennialists believe the wages of sin is eternal life with torment for the soul that cannot die, which puts them in the camp of those that believe death is not the wages of sin.

     If we have either a soul or a spirit that is now immortal and can never die or be dead, how could there be a resurrection of the dead? Do you believe in the resurrection of the dead? If yes, what do you believe will be resurrected; will your dead body be raised from the dead, or do you believe a soul that is not dead will be raised from the dead? When I first begin this study I was surprised and made to tremble at how few believed in the resurrection and how many there are that do not really know what they believe about it. Many believe some part of themselves will instantly be transited from this world to Heaven or Hell at death without a resurrection before the resurrection and Judgment Day and before the second coming of Christ, but when they are asked what is the reason for the resurrection, they not only do not know but have never really thought about it. Death is looked at as being a doorway to life in another form, that death is not really death, and there is nowhere in their thoughts or in their faith for a resurrection for their theology says no one is really dead. The resurrection has been removed from the faith of many by today's theology that says some immortal part of a person will go to Heaven at the moment of death. But is there any life after death before the second coming of Christ and the resurrection of the dead? Paul said it will be at the resurrection that, "This mortal must put on immortality," but if we have a soul that is now immortal then what is it that is now mortal that will put on immortality at the resurrection?

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Table of Contents

AN IMMORTAL SOUL OR RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD

The Resurrection, Our Only Hope Of Life After Death

By William West

Chapter one: The nature of man - what is man?

Chapter two: Life or Death

Chapter three: The reinterpretations of the great doctrines of the Bible

Chapter four: From where came Hell, from man or God?

á          Unquenchable fire

á          Old Testament history of Gehenna

á          Gehenna used by Christ on four occasions

á          The vanishing Hell

á          Twenty-four plus version of Hell

o    Twelve plus Protestant versions of Hell

o    Eight other versions of Hell

o    Three Catholic versions of Hell

Chapter five: Sheol, Hades, and Tartarus

Chapter six: The thirty-one Hell passages

Chapter seven: A strange and unexplainable silence of the Old Testament on punishment and life after death, life, death, torment, destruction, destroy, perish, die, and end

Chapter eight: Figurative language, metaphors, and symbolical passage

á          Part one: The rich man

á          Part two: The symbolic pictures in Revelation

á          Part three: The forever and ever of the King James Version

á          Part four: The destruction of Israel, Matthew 24

o     A. D. 70 doctrine

o     Day of the Lord

Chapter nine: Universalist: The "age lasting" Hell

Chapter ten: The results of attributing evil Pagan teachings to God.

Chapter eleven: Historical proof of the changing of the teaching of the Bible.

Appendix one

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CHAPTER ONE

What Is Man?

     What is a man? Is a person born with an immortal soul, or do the saved put on immortality at the resurrection? Is a person a three part being, an animal body with both a soul and a spirit that will live without the body? This is one of the most important questions of all time. It has more influence on our conception of our nature, our view of life in this world, and our view of life after death than any other question.

     Soul in the Old Testament is translated from nehphesh, StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ A study of the way it is translated in the King James and how other translation differ greatly from the King James reveals facts that are far different that the belief of most about what the soul is and facts that most will find upsetting. Nehphesh is used in the Old Testament about 870 times and is translated soul only about 473 times in the King James and in the New International Version (2010 updated version) only 72 out about 870 times it is used.

     Nehphesh is translated in the King James Version into about 40 words, one Hebrew word is translated (or mistranslated) into nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.

  1. Soul about 473 times.
  2. Life about 122 times
  3. Person about 26 times
  4. Mind about 15 times
  5. Heart about 15 times
  6. Personal pronouns 44 + times (yourselves, themselves, her, me, he, his, himself)
  7. All others, about 200 times (man, creature, living being, fish, own, any, living thing, living creatures, lives, the dead, dead body, kills, slays, slay him, mortally, discontented, ghost, breath, will, appetite, hearty desire, desire, pleasure, lust, deadly).

     In all 870 times this word is used it is associated with the activity of a living being, including dying, and it never implies anything about life after the death of the living being. None of the 870 times are an immortal, immaterial, inter something in a person that has no substance; souls (nehpheshs) are the living being (persons, animals, or any living thing) that can die, be killed, or is already be dead.

     Soul (nehphesh) as it is used in the Bible - although its use is often hid from the English readers by the way it was translated or mistranslated.

     (1) Genesis 1:20 "The moving creature that has life" (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals, StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ). Footnote in the King James Version–"The moving creature that has soul." American Standard Version–"Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures" (soul–nehphesh).

If ÒsoulÓ were an immortal "immaterial, invisible part of man" (W. E. Vine, Expository Dictionary Of Old And New Testament Words), why is this Hebrew word that is translated soul also translated "living creature" when it is speaking of animals in Genesis 1:21; 1:24; 2:19; 9:10; 9:12; 9:15; 9:16 when the same Hebrew word (nehphesh) is translated "living soul" in Genesis 2:7 when it is speaking of a person? In the Hebrew, if this word were an immaterial, immortal part of a person, it would also be an immaterial, immortal part of animals.

     (2) Genesis 1:21 "living creature" (soulnehphesh, used referring to all life in the water), "And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature (soul–nehphesh) that moves wherewith the water swarmed.Ó

     (3) Genesis 1:24 "living creature" (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals, all life on the land), "And God said, Let the earth bring forth living creatures (soul–nehphesh) after their kind, cattle, and creeping things, and beasts of the earth." In Genesis 1:21-24 every living thing on earth, whether in the water or on land, every thing that has life is a nehphesh, a living being; all sea life, all land life, and mankind are a nehphesh, a living being, not inherent indestructible immortality beings, not an immortal deathless Òsoul.Ó

     (4) Genesis 1:30 "life" (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals), "And to every beast of the earth, and to every bird of the heavens, and to everything that creeps upon the earth, wherein there is life" (soul–nehphesh); animals are "a living soul."

     ALL FOUR TIMES THAT SOUL (nehphesh) IS USED IN GENESIS ONE IT IS USED REFERRING TO ANIMALS StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creature, i.e. animal.Ó NOT TO A PERSON. ANIMALS WERE SOULS, LIVING BEINGS, BEFORE ANY MAN EXISTED; BUT IT LOOKS AS IF THE TRANSLATORS DELIBERATELY HID THE FACT THAT IT IS THE SAME WORD THAT THEY SOMETIMES TRANSLATED SOUL.

á          SOUL WHEN IT IS SPEAKING OF PEOPLE

á          LIVING CREATURES WHEN IT THE SAME WORD IS SPEAKING OF ANIMALS

"Then God said, 'Let the waters teem with swarms of living souls (soul–nehpheshs), and let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of the heavens.' And God created the great sea monsters, and every living soul (soul-nehphesh) that moves, with which the waters swarmed after their kind, and every winged bird after its kind; and God saw that it was good. And God blessed them, saying, 'Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth.' And there was evening and there was morning, a fifth day. Then God said, 'Let the earth bring forth living souls (soul–nehpheshs) after their kind: cattle and creeping thing and beasts of the earth after their kind'; and it was so...and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to everything that creeps upon the earth, wherein there is life (soul–nehphesh), I have given every green herb for meat" (Genesis 1:20-30). ÒLiving creatures" (soulnehphesh) is used to describe all living things on earth, people, animals, birds, and fish, not eternal life or some immaterial invisible part of a person that is eternal. If a person being a soul (nehphesh–a living being) makes that person be either immortal or in the image of God, then it makes animals, birds, and fish being a soul (nehphesh–a living being) also be immortal and in the image of God.

     (5) Genesis 2:7 "A living soul" (soulnehphesh, used referring to a person, StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ) The first time the King James Version translated nehphesh into "soul," most other translations did not agree with it, not even the New King James Version. "Man became a living being" New King James Version.

á          ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:20

á          ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:21

á          ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:24

á          ÒWherein there is life" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:30

á          ÒA living soul" (nehphesh) Genesis 2:7 "Man became a living being" New King James Version

o     It is obvious that the translators of the King James Version translated according to a preconceived opinion in an attempt make persons have immortality but keep animals from having souls; they made a distinction in animals and men, a distinction that dose not exist in the Hebrew Bible.

o     Genesis 2:7 Man became:

¤   ÒA living soul" King James Version

¤   "A living being" New King James Version, American Standard Version, New American Standard Version, Revised Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, New International Version, Amplified Version, The New American Bible.

¤   "A living person" New Century Version, The Living Bible, New Living Translation.

¤   "A living creature" The Revised English Bible, Young's Literal Translation.

¤   "Life" Contemporary English Version.

     ÒIn the day that YOU eat from it YOU shall surely dieÓ (Genesis 2:17). Adam would die, not an immortal, immaterial, deathless soul would die. In Genesis 3:19 a clear statement on what dies, ÒBy the sweat of YOUR face YOU shall eat bread, till YOU return to the ground, because from it YOU were taken; for YOU are dust, and to dust YOU shall return.Ó ÒIt is appointed for MEN to die once and after this comes judgmentÓ (Hebrews 9:27). It is the PERSON that will die and be resurrected from the dead, not a soul that cannot die, therefore, cannot be resurrected from the dead, not a spiritual death.

     Although this passage is repeatedly used to prove man has an immortal soul that animals do not have, most translations other than the King James apply it to the living breathing being or person, not to an invisible inter deathless part of a person. Adam being spoken of as a "living being" (nehphesh StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ) proves he was mortal, not immortal, just as all "living beings" (nehphesh) fish, birds, animals, are mortal, not immortal. How can this be one of the proof texts used to prove Adam was made with an immortal soul? If it proves Adam had an immortal soul then it proves that fish have an immortal soul that cannot die.

     It is importance to understand that it is being said that both animals and mankind are a soul (are living beings) not that animals or mankind have a soul (have a part, an immortal, invisible, no substitute something in them that cannot die). Many assume Genesis is saying only mankind has souls but animals do not. Because of what most have been taught, without realizing it they read into this that only mankind has a soul that is an immortal, invisible, no substitutes something that cannot die. This causes them to believe that only this immortal part of them self will be saved (more on this at the end of this chapter).

     THE BREATH OF LIFE: Some have switched from the soul being the immortal part of a person to the spirit being the immortal part of a person that animals do not have. ÒThen the Lord God formed man of dust from the ground, and breathe into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living beingÓ The phrase  Òbreath of lifeÓ that was breathed into man in Genesis 2:7 is the same Hebrew Òbreath of lifeÓ in Genesis 7:21-22 that is in the nostrils of birds, cattle, men and beasts; the Òbreath of lifeÓ in animals is the same Òbreath of lifeÓ that is in persons. The Òbreath of lifeÓ (1) is not a immortal spirit, (2) is not a immortal soul that men now have but animals do not have; it does not say that the Òbreath of lifeÓ God breathed into Adam was an immortal deathless spirit or soul and his immortality was passed on to all mankind; the breathless body that God made from the earth is what became a living breathing being when the Òbreath of lifeÓ was breathed into the breathless body. God did not tell Adam he had a body that was made from the earth but the real Adam was made of something not from the earth; how can anyone not see that the Òbreath of lifeÓ in an earthly body of a man or of an animal cannot be changed into an immortal spirit?

á          ÒBreathed into his nostrils the breath of life (nshahmah)Ó man (Genesis 2:7)

á           ÒAll in whose nostrils was the breath of life (nshahmah)Ó both man and animals have the same Òbreath of life (nshahmah)Ó (Genesis 7:22)

á          ÒSaved alive nothing that breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Deuteronomy 20:16). ÒBreath of lifeÓ and ÒbreathsÓ are the same in the Hebrew, both are Ònshahmah,Ó but who knows why the translators choose to make them different in the English Bible.

á          ÒUtterly destroyed all that breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Joshua 10:40)

á          ÒThere was not any left to breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Joshua 11:11)

á          ÒNeither left they any to breaths (nshahmah)Ó both men and animals (Joshua 11:14)

o     Does an immortal immaterial deathless soul or spirit breathe, or die when breathing stops?

(6) Genesis 2:19 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals), "Every beast...every bird...whatsoever the man called every living creature (soul–nehphesh), that was the name thereof"

(7) Genesis 9:4 "life" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals)

(8) Genesis 9:5 "lives" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to man)

(9) Genesis 9:5 "life" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to man)

(10) Genesis 9:10 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals)

(11) Genesis 9:12 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals)

(12) Genesis 9:15 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to man and animals)

(13) Genesis 9:16 "living creature" (soul–nehphesh, used referring to man and animals)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

A birdÕs eye view of the translation of nehphesh in the first nine chapters

1.        ÒMoving creature that has life" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:20 - animals

2.         ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:21- animals

3.        ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 1:24 - animals

4.        ÒWherein there is life" (soul - nehphesh) Genesis 1:30 - animals

5.        ÒA living soul" (nehphesh) Genesis 2:7 - man

6.        ÒA living creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 2:19 – animals

7.        ÒLife" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:4 - animals

8.        ÒLivesÓ (nehphesh) Genesis 9:5 - man

9.        ÒLife" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:5 - man

10.     ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:10 - animals

11.     ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:12 - animals

12.     ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:15 - man and animals

13.     ÒLiving creature" (nehphesh) Genesis 9:16 - man and animals

     This is an example of men attempting to cover up the truth when it is contradictory to their theology. It takes a lot of preconceived theology to make nehphesh be an immaterial invisible no substance part of a man that is now immortal that is not in animals when it is not deliberately hid as it is in the King James Version.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

     In Genesis 9:4-16 the same word is used for both man and animals seven times in the same passage.

To animals five times, to man four times

á          Three times to animals alone

á          Two times to animals and man together

á          Two times to man alone

     "But flesh with the LIFE (#1. Soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall you not eat. And surely your blood, the blood of your LIVES (#2. soul–nehphesh, used referring to man), will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it: and at the hand of men, even at the hand of every man's brother, will I require the LIFE (#3. soul–nehphesh, used referring to man) of man. Whoso sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed, for in the image of God made He men. And you, be you fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein. And God spoke unto Noah, and to his sons with him, saying, and I, behold, I establish my covenant with you and with your seed after you; and every LIVING CREATURE (#4. soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) that is with you, of the fowl, and the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you; from all that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth. And I will establish my covenant with you; neither shall the waters of a flood cut off all flesh be any more; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth. And God said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every LIVING CREATURE (#5. soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) that is with you, for perpetual generation: I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be a token of a covenant between me and the earth. And it shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud: and I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every LIVING CREATURE (#6. soul–nehphesh, used referring to man and animals) of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh. And the bow shall be in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every LIVING CREATURE (#7. soul–nehphesh, used referring to man and animals) of all flesh that is upon the earth."

     All four times that soul (nehphesh) is used in Genesis 1; it is referring to animals, not to a person. IN TEN OF THE FIRST THIRTEEN TIMES SOUL (NEHPHESH) IS USED IT IS USED REFERRING TO ANIMALS, but the King James Version hides this by using different words, and most who read the King James Version never know it. Nehphesh is translated "soul" only one time of the first thirteen times it is used in the King James Version; but it is not translated "soul" in any of the first thirteen times it is used in the New King James Version, New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, or New International Version. Mankind has the same soul (life–nehphesh) as the other "living creatures." He does not differ from other living creatures (soul–nehphesh) by having a soul (nehphesh) that cannot die. His dominion over other living creatures (other nehpheshs–souls) is not his nehphesh.

     Mike Willis said expositors have generally appealed to Genesis 2:7 to prove that all men are born with and now have immortal spirits. However, in 1 Corinthians 15:45, Paul has clearly expounded the meaning of the Hebrew words nehphesh, chayyah. "The living soul" of Genesis 2:7 is the natural body of this passage. He said this corresponds with the book of Genesis itself because the same construction is used in Genesis 1:24 to describe animals. When Moses recorded that God breathed into man's nostrils the breath of life and he became a living soul, what the writer of Genesis was saying was that the dust of the earth began to have animal life and does not prove that a person has an immortal spirit (soul); rather it states that a person has animal life. All men possess animal life through Adam. A Commentary On Paul's First Epistle To the Corinthians, Page 578, 1979. For one who knows the Bible as he does and believes a person has an immortal soul, yet says, the living soul of Genesis 2:7 is the natural body, proves beyond doubt that a living soul is not an immortal inter part of a person. ÒThe first man Adam became a living soulÉthe first man is of the earth, earthyÓ (1 Corinthians 15:45-49).

     Guy N. Woods said the first time the word soul is used in Genesis 1:20 it is from the Hebrew nehphesh where it is assigned to fish, birds, and creeping things. He said it is clear that the soul in these passages does not refer to anything peculiar to the constitution of man, but it signifies, as its usage denotes, and the lexicons affirm, any creature that breathes. "What Is The Soul Of Man," Gospel Advocate, 1985, Number 21.

     Adam Clarke: "Nephesh clayyah; a general term to express all creatures endued with animal life, in any of its infinitely varied gradations, from the half reasoning elephant down to the stupid potto, or lower still, to the polype, which seems equally to share the vegetable and animal life."

     In the first nine chapters of Genesis soul (nehphesh—StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ) is used more often with reference to animals than it is with reference to persons; it is the animal life, which both a person and animals have in common. How did the translators know when it changed to an invisible inter immortal part of a person, which animals do not have?

      Note: both man and animals are souls, living beings. We are a soul, not have a soul. If we have a soul, have a living being in us, then we are one living being with another living being living in us, a living being living in another living being. The doctrine that we have a soul living in us, and it is only this immortal deathless part of us that will be saved or tormented forever is the foundation of many of the errors that have divided the churches. That we are a soul (we are a living being), not we have a soul (not have a living being living in us) is one of the most fundamental and most misunderstood teaching in the bible.

(14) Genesis 12:5 "And the people (soul–nehphesh) whom they had acquired" New King James Version ("soul" in King James Version.)

(15) Genesis 12:13 "That I (soul–nehphesh) may live because of you" New King James Version ("soul" in King James Version.) Do you wonder why this was translated, ÒThat I may liveÓ and not ÒThat my soul may live?Ó

(16) Genesis 14:21 "Give me the persons (soul–nehphesh) and take the goods" King James Version. Can anyone give immortal souls to another person?

(17) Genesis 17:14 "That person (soul–nehphesh) shall be cut off" New King James Version.

(18) Genesis 19:17 "Escape for your life (soul–nehphesh)" King James Version.

(19) Genesis 19:19 "Saving my life (soul–nehphesh)" King James Version.

 In the first nineteen times nehphesh is used it is translated ÒsoulÓ

¤   Only three times in the King James Version

¤   None in the New King James Version

¤   None in the New American Standard Version

¤   None in the New Revised Standard Version

¤   None in the New International Version.

(20) Genesis 19:20 "That my life (soul–nehphesh) may be saved" New American Standard Version (Translated soul for the fourth time in the King James Version and first time in the New King James Version). Do you wonder how did the translators of the New King James Version did not think this word means ÒsoulÓ in the nineteen times it was used before this, but changed their minds this time?

(21) Genesis 23:8 "If it be your mind (soul–nehphesh)" King James Version

(22) Genesis 27:4 "So that I (soul–nehphesh) may bless you before I die" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "So that I (nehphesh) may bless you before I die" Revised Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version

á          "So that I (nehphesh) may give you my blessing before I die" New International Version

á          "So that I (nehphesh) may give you my blessing before I die" Revised English Bible

á          "To give you my (nehphesh) blessing before I die" Amplified Bible

á          "That I (nehphesh) may give you my special blessing before I die" New American Bible

á          "Then I (nehphesh) will bless you before I die" New Century Version

á          "Then I (nehphesh) will pronounce the blessing that belongs to you, my firstborn son, before I die" New Living Translation

á          "I (nehphesh) want to eat it once more and give you by blessing before I die" Contemporary English Version

á          "That I (nehphesh) may eat of it, (preparatory) to giving you (as my first-born) my blessing before I die" Amplified Bible

á          "That my soul (nehphesh) may bless thee before I die" King James Version. How would Isaac's son know if he were blessed by an "immaterial invisible" no substance part of a person that he could not see? By this time, hundreds of years after Genesis 1:1, the King James translators must have been desperate to be able to put "soul" into the Bible.

Up to Genesis 27:4 for hundreds of years nehphesh is translated soul:

á          Only four times out of twenty-two in the King James Version.

á          Only one time out of twenty-two in the New King James Version.

á          None in The New International Version and most others translations.

     Nehphesh has been used 21 times before the New King James Version used "soul" for the first time, but even then the translators of many versions have chosen not to translate it "soul." In Genesis "nehphesh" is not an immortal "immaterial, invisible part of man," but it is the life, living creature, living being, any living thing, whether animals, fish, or man. If the translators had continued to translate nehphesh as life, living creature, living being, or person, as they did in the first twenty-one times it is used, there may not be the divisions there are today. Why did they not translate nehphesh into soul in the first part of the Bible that covers hundreds of years? Maybe because they thought it would have made animals have souls, and they did not believe animals could have souls. I find it difficult to see how anyone could not call their honesty into question for it is undeniable that they put their belief over the word of God and deliberately hid the truth from their readers; deliberately hid the truth from you.

(23) Genesis 32:30 "My life (soul–nehphesh) is preserved" King James Version. Most translations use "life" in this passage for an immortal soul could not perish and would not need to be preserved.

(24) Genesis 34:3

(25) Genesis 34:8

(26) Genesis 35:18

(27) Genesis 36:6 "All the persons (nehphesh) of his house" King James Version

(28) Genesis 37:21 "Let us not kill him (nehphesh)" King James Version. It was observe to the translators that they could not translate this nehphesh into soul, after all in immortal soul could not be killed.

(29) Job 12:10 "In whose hand is the soul (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) of every living thing, and the breath of all mankind." "The life of every living thing" New American Standard Bible

(30) Job 41:21 "His breath (soul–nehphesh, used referring to an animal, possibly a crocodile)"

(31) Isaiah 19:10 "All that make sluices and ponds for fish (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals, fish)" King James Version. Although nehphesh is in the Hebrew, many translations seems not to know what to do with it and just took it out or completely changed it for they did not want a soul to be in a pond.

(32) Jeremiah 2:24 "A wild ass used to the wilderness, that snuffed up the wind in her (soul–nehphesh, used referring to an animal) desire"

(33) Proverbs 27:7 ÒThe full soul (nehphesh) loathes an honeycomb; but to the hungry soul (nehphesh)" ever bitter thing is sweet.Ó How could the translators think an immaterial something could be full or could be hungry for honey?

á          ÒA sated man (nehphesh) loathes honey, but to a famished man (nehphesh) any bitter thing is sweetÓ New American Standard Bible.

á          ÒHe (nehphesh) who is full loathes honey, but to the hungry even what is bitter tastes sweetÓ New International Version. ÒNehpheshÓ is in the Hebrew two times but one of the two it was left out in the New International Version.

(34) Numbers 31:28 "And levy a tribute unto the Lord of the men of war which went out to battle: one soul (nehphesh–used referring to man and animals) of five hundred, both of the persons, and of the beeves, and of the asses and of the sheep." Of about 870 times ÒnepheshÓ is in the Old Testament this and Job 12:10 are the only passages where the King James translators translated ÒnepheshÓ as ÒsoulÓ when it has reference to animals and is maybe that the only reason they did this time is that it has equal reference to people as it does to animals and they had no choice. "So carefully has the translation of nehphesh been guarded in relation to animals as 'souls,' that we can't help but wonder if it were not done intentionally to conceal the fact that animals are souls as well as men." David J. Heinizman, "Man Became A Living Soul"

(35 to 870) It would be to long to quote all the 870 times the Hebrew word nehphesh is in the Old Testament with just over one-half being translated "soul," about 473 times in King James Version. Not once do any of them imply anything about life beyond the grave or about the soul being immortal. Nehphesh is translated soul is in the New International Version Old Testament only 72 times out of the 870 times it is used, according to this translation, 798 times nehphesh was not a Òsoul.Ó

1.        Life about 122 times

2.        Person about 26 times

3.        Mind about 15 times

4.        Heart about 15 times

5.        Personal pronouns 44 + times (yourselves, themselves, her, me, he, his, himself)

6.        All others, about 200 times (man, creature, living being, own, any, living thing, lives, the dead, dead body, kills, slays, slay him, mortally, discontented, ghost, breath, will, appetite, hearty desire, desire, pleasure, lust, deadly, fish). All 870 times have one thing in common, they are all associated with the activity of a living being, including dying, and it never implies anything about life after the death of the living being, they are all speaking of living beings that will die, not of an immortal deathless something in a living being. None of the 870 times are an immortal inter part of a person; they are a living being that can die, be killed, or be dead. Nehphesh is always associated with the activity of earthly breathing beings, both of person(s) and animal(s). It never implies anything about life beyond the grave. IT IS NEVER TRANSLATED "SPIRIT."

     Although nehphesh—StrongÕs Hebrew word #5315—Òa breathing creatureÓ is translated into about thirty-five words, thirty-four all have reference only to a mortal being, animal, or person, none to an Òimmaterial invisible part of a person.Ó

1.                      How could nehphesh be a mortal breathing creature in thirty-four of the words into which it is translated?

2.                      And in only one of the thirty-five words it is an immortal something that does not breath and that does not include animals? Is it because this is the only word that they could use to put the Pagan immortal soul into the Bible, but were not able to translate it into an immortal invisible something most of the times it was used?

     Can one word be rightly translated this way? How could the translators know when to change this word was a mortal being and when the same word was an immortal being? No one reading some of the English translations of the Bible would have any way of knowing that all these words are translations (or mistranslations) of only one word. Did the translators do so because they wanted to make a person be an "immortal being," and more than a "living creatures?" In almost one half of the times nehphesh is used in the Old Testament, even the King James translators could not translate it "soul." When the all-knowing God used just one word, why did the translators use many words and change it as they wished to from a noun to pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.? Did they think that for all the years from Adam unto Christ, God thought people could understand just one word, but now about forty words are needed to translate that one word? If one word were all that was needed from Adam unto the translation of the King James Version, why would God's one word not be enough today? Do the translators think they have improved the Hebrew Old Testament by changing the one word that God used into about thirty-five words and from a noun to about all parts of speech? The use of many words came when the Catholic Church brought in unconditional immortality, and they had to get it into the Bible. The Hebrew manuscripts still have just one word–nehphesh, which was the one word God inspired. Were the translators inspired to change it to many words?

     Nehphesh is translated soul far fewer times in the New American Standard Version and in most other translations, including the New King James Version, than it is in the King James Version. Were they going as far as they dared to in correcting the King James Version?

     The way soul is understood and used today in English (an inter undying part of a person) makes putting the word soul in a translation for the English people today be a false and deliberately misleading translation for it makes it where today's English reader cannot know what God said, and will understand only what the prejudiced outlook the translators wanted their readers to understand who they know would understand the word soul only as it is used today. Without much study of Bible words, which most Bible reader will never do, they cannot know what God said to them when they read the word soul and will think that the somewhat prejudice outlook of the translator is the word of God. God's word has been deliberately replaced with the teaching of man (Matthew 15:9) in a way that will have more influence on our conception of what our nature is and the nature of all living beings than any other question.

THE ÒSOULÓ AND ÒEATING OF BLOODÓ

    Is the immortal "soul" (nehphesh) in the blood? Is a part of a person that many say it lives after the death of the body in the blood of both men and animals? (Leviticus 17:10-15) In only six verses nehphesh is used ten times but the translators concealed this from their reads by translating nehphesh as both life and soul, always life the four times it was speaking of animals, and soul the six times it was speaking of a person; does this not show their reluctance to let us see what God said to us?

The same word translated soul six times and life four times in the King James Version

á          Used referring to animals four times—nehphesh translated life four times

á          Used referring to man six times—nehphesh translated soul six times

     "I will even set my face against that SOUL (person–nehphesh, used referring to man) that eats blood, and will cut him off from among his people. For the LIFE (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) of the flesh is in the blood: and I have given it to you upon the altar to make an atonement for your SOULS: (nehphesh, used referring to man) for it is the blood that makes an atonement for the SOUL (nehphesh, used referring to man). Therefore I said unto the children of Israel, no SOUL (nehphesh, used referring to man) of you shall eat blood...For it is the LIFE (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) of all flesh; the blood of it is for the LIFE (soul–nehphesh, used referring to animals) thereof; therefore I said unto the children of Israel, no SOUL (nehphesh, used referring to man) shall eat the blood of no manner of flesh: for the LIFE (soul-nehphesh, used referring to animals) of all flesh is the blood thereof: whosoever eats it shall be cut off. And every SOUL (nehphesh, used referring to man) that eats that which died of itself...he shall wash his clothes, and bath himself in water" In this passage, the King James Version translated the same word "soul" six times when it used referring to man and "life" four times when it used referring to animals. Can anyone not see how the translators picked when they wanted "nehphesh" to be "soul" and when they wanted "nehphesh" to be "life"? They could not let an immortal soul be in the blood nor could they let animals have an immortal soul. Their theology said a man had to have a soul, but an animal could not, and they were not willing that their reader see that the word "nehphesh" is used referring to both, and that both do not have a soul but are a soul.

The vanishing use of soul in Leviticus 17:10-15

     Leviticus 17:10-15 New Revised Standard Version, "If anyone of the house of Israel or of the aliens who reside among them eats any blood, I will set my face against that PERSON (nehphesh) who eats blood, and will cut that PERSON (nehphesh) off from the people. For the LIFE (nehphesh) of the flesh is in the blood; and I have given it to you for making atonement for your LIVES (nehphesh) on the altar, for, as LIFE, (nehphesh) it is the blood that makes atonement. Therefore I have said to the people of Israel: No PERSON (nehphesh) among you shall eat blood...For the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature-its blood is its LIFE; (nehphesh) therefore I have said to the people of Israel: You shall not eat the blood of any creature, for the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature is its blood; whoever eats it shall be cut off. All PERSONS, (nehphesh) citizens or aliens, who eat what dies of itself...shall wash their clothes, and bathe themselves in water"

     Leviticus 17:10-15 New International Version, "Any Israelite or any alien living among them who eats any blood-I will set my face against that PERSON (nehphesh) who eats blood and will cut HIM (nehphesh) off from his people. For the LIFE (nehphesh) of a creature is in the blood, and I have given it to you to make atonement for YOURSELVES (nehphesh) on the altar; it is the blood that makes atonements for one's LIFE (nehphesh). Therefore I say to the Israelites, 'None of YOU (nehphesh) may eat blood, nor may an alien living among you eat blood'...because the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature is its blood. That is why I have said to the Israelites, You must not eat the blood of any creature, because the LIFE (nehphesh) of every creature is its blood; anyone who eats it must be cut off. ANYONE (nehphesh), whether native-born or alien, who eats anything found dead or torn by wild animals must wash his clothes and bathe with water'."

     Ashley S. Johnson, founder and president of the Johnson Bible College: ÒGenerally the world ÔsoulÕ in the ordinary version should be life,Ó ÒThe Resurrection And The Future Life,Ó Page 336, 1913, Knoxville Lithographing Company.

     MAN "BECAME A LIVING BEING" Genesis 1:26 "Then God said, 'Let Us make MAN in Our image,'" not "Let Us make a soul in Our Image and put this soul in MAN unto the death of the MAN it is in." Genesis 2:7 "Then the Lord formed MAN of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; (not breathed into the body an immortal undying no substance soul, but breathed into ÒmanÓ the breath of life, which both men and animals have), and MAN became a living being." Not a body + an immortal soul, but "a living being." Not two beings, a body being (a person) with an-inter invisible soul being living in the person. How can the breath of life in your nose (breathing) be an immortal something that dose not breathe? The same ÒmanÓ that was created Òin the image of GodÓ is the same ÒmanÓ that was created Òmale and femaleÓ It is ÒmanÓ that was created Òmale and femaleÓ that is in the Òimage of God,Ó not an immaterial something in Òman.Ó

     The body of dust + the breath of life = a living soul (a living being-nehphesh), Genesis 2:7. The breath of life without the body would not be a person or animal. The breath of life without the body would not be an immortal living being, not a nehphesh. All living creatures, whether they are animals or sea-dwelling creatures, are souls (nehpheshs–living beings).

     God formed Man, not merely the body of man; it was man that was formed from the dust of the ground. Man is in the image of God; it is MAN, not an invisible something in man that has no substance that is in the image of God. After Adam was put out of the garden he was still in the image of God, mankind is still in the image of God. If Adam was created innate immortal what was the purpose of the tree of life? If Adam had an immortal soul that was created not subject to death then the tree of life could have had no purpose; an immortal soul would live forever with or without it; if Adam had a deathless soul, his deathless soul would not have died if he did or did not eat of the tree of life; it was Adam that could and did die for eating of the tree, not a deathless soul.

     The Bible says, "Man became a living soul" is changed to, "Man was given a soul" or ÒMan had a soul put in him.Ó There is a world of difference in a person being a living soul and a person having a soul. Both man and animals are a living soul, neither one have a soul. If the breath of life in his nostrils in Genesis 2:7 makes a person have an immortal part (spirit) living in him or her that cannot die, then "all in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life" in Genesis 7:22 would also prove all beasts, birds, and fish have an immortal part (soul) living in them that cannot die.

GOD IS A SOUL (Not God has a soul)

1.       ÒMoreover, I will make My dwelling among you, and My soul (nehphesh) will not reject youÓ (Leviticus 26:11).

2.       ÒI then will destroy your high places, and cut down your incense altars, and heap your remains on the remains of your idols; for My soul (nehphesh) shall abhor youÓ (Leviticus 26:30).

á          I know of no one that believes God has Òan invisible, no substanceÓ something in Him that can exist apart from Him. His soul (nehphesh) is His person, His being—life, not an immortal soul living in the immortal God, just as the soul of a person or animal is the life (the living being) of the person or animal, not an immortal being in them.

ANIMALS ARE "SOULS" nehpheshliving creature

     Animals ARE souls–a living being, not animals HAVE souls–an immaterial, invisible, no substance, deathless something. In Genesis 1:20; 1:21; 1:24; 1:30, most translations try to hide this. WHY? Why is it "living creature" when used referring to animals and "soul" when used referring to a person? There is no excuse or defense for it. It is a deliberate attempt by the translators, who did not believe God's word as it is, to mislead; all Bible teachers should point this out to all they teach (James 3:1). If "the living soul" (nehphesh) is the immortal part of a person, then bugs, all sea creatures, all birds, and all animals have an immortal soul. In Genesis "Living soul" is used more of these creatures than it is of man.

Passages in which soul (nehphesh) is speaking of animals being souls but is deliberately hid from the English readers that the word nehphesh—souls is used.

  1. Genesis 1:20 "Then God said, Let the waters swarm with swarms of living souls (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals)"
  2. Genesis 1:21 "And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living soul (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) that moves wherewith the waters swarmed."
  3. Genesis 1:24 "And God said, Let the earth bring forth living souls (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) after their kind, cattle, and creeping things, and beasts of the earth after their kind."
  4. Genesis 2:19 ÒAnd out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field and every bird of the sky, and brought them to the man to see what he would call them; and whatever the man called a living creature (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals), that was its name.Ó
  5. Genesis 1:30 ÒAnd to every beast of the earth and to every bird of the sky and to every thing that moves on the earth which has life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals).
  6. Genesis 9:10 "And with ever living creature (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) that is with you, of the fowl, of the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you."
  7. Genesis 9:12 ÒThis is the covenant which I am making between Me and you and ever living creature (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) that is with you.Ó
  8. Genesis 9:15 ÒAnd I will remember My covenant, which is between Me and you and ever living creature (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) of all flesh.Ó
  9. Genesis 9:16 ÒWhen the bow is in the cloud, then I will look upon it, to remember the everlasting covenant between God and ever living creature (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) of all flesh that is on the earth.Ó
  10. Leviticus 11:10 ÒBut whatever is in the seas and in the rivers, that do not have fins and scales among all the teeming life of the water, and among all the living creatures (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) that are in the water, they are detestable things to you.Ó
  11. Leviticus 11:46 ÒThis is the law regarding the animal, and the bird, and every living thing (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) that swarms on the earth.Ó
  12. Leviticus 17:11 ÒFor the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you on the altar to make atonement for your souls (lives--soulnehphesh, used referring to men); for it is the blood by reason of the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) that makes atonement.Ó The exact same word in the Hebrew (nehphesh) translated life when referring to animals and translated soul when referring to mankind!
  13. Leviticus 22:11 ÒBut if the priest buy any souls  (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals that are to be used as food) with his money, he shall eat of it, and he that is born in his house: they shall eat of his meatÓ King James Version.
  14. Leviticus 24:18 ÒAnd the one who takes the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) of an animal shall make it good, life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) for life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals).Ó ÒAnd he that killest a beast (soulnehphesh) shall make it good, beast (soul-nehphesh) for beast (soul-nehphesh)Ó King James Version.
  15. Numbers 31:28 "One soul (nehphesh life, used referring to both man and animals) of five hundred, of the persons and of the beeves, and of the asses, and of the sheep."
  16. Job 41:1 The "leviathan," used six times in the Bible, probably a crocodile, has a soul (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) (Job 41:21). From over 870 times nehphesh is used, this is the only time it is translated breath in the Kings James Version. After all, they could not have a crocodile, a sea monster, or whatever it was having an "immortal soul" for then they would have to put it in Heaven or Hell for an immortal crocodile could never die and would have to be somewhere for all eternity.
  17. Ezekiel 47:9 ÒAnd it will come about that every living creature (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) which swarms in every place where the river goes.Ó
  18. "For the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to man and to animals) of every creature is the blood of it" Leviticus 17:14, Genesis 9:4.
  19. Deuteronomy 12:23 ÒOnly be sure not to eat the blood, for the blood is the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals), and you shall not eat the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) with the flesh.Ó
  20. Job 12:10 "In whose hand is the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to man and to animals) of every living thing, and the breath of all mankind?"
  21. Proverbs 12:10 "A righteous man has regard for the life (soulnehphesh, used referring to animals) of his beast."
  22. And many more, but if this does not convict anyone that all living being are a soul nothing will. Note how the translators tried to hid this from their readers.

     Many believe, "The living soul" in Genesis 2:7 is the one distinctive thing that makes a person different from an animal, but if this makes a person have an immortal soul in them, there is no way around all living things having immortal souls in them. In these passages bugs, birds, fish, persons, are all a nehphesh, a "living beings," not a deathless, immaterial something.

     John T. Willis: "The last two lines of verse 7 affirm that a person's life is God-given. God enables a person to breathe, and thus, to be alive, as he does other creatures (see Genesis 7:22). Some have tried to justify a threefold division of man into flesh (or body), soul, and spirit from Genesis 2:7. They equate dust with flesh or body, breath with spirit, and insist that the last phrase of the verse must be translated as 'a living soul.' However, this understanding reads more into the biblical text than it really says. (1) The Hebrew words for 'flesh' or 'body' and 'spirit' do not occur in this passage. (2) The Hebrew expression nehphesh chayyah, which some insist on translating 'a living soul,' is used of fish and marine life in Genesis 1:30; and beasts and birds in 2:19. If 'soul' means the eternal part of a person or the sum total of man's 'body' and 'spirit' in Genesis 2:7, it must mean the eternal part of a fish or the sum total of a fish's 'body' and 'spirit' in Genesis 1:20, 21; etc. (3) The flow of the context in Genesis 2:7 indicates that the word translated being in RSV (nehphesh) means the whole person. The author's emphasis is on the gift of life" "The Living Word Commentary On the Old Testament - Genesis" Page 103-104, Sweet Publishing Company, 1979, Church of Christ.

      Erdmann Dictionary of the Bible: "Far from referring simply to one aspect of a person, 'soul' refers to the whole person" Page 1245.

     Holman Bible Dictionary: "A human being is a totality of being, not a combination of various parts and impulses. According to the Old Testament understanding, a person is not a body, which happens to possess a soul. Instead, a person is a living soul...Because of God's breath of life; the man became 'a living being' (Gen. 2:7). A person thus is a complete totality, made up of human flesh, spirit (best understood as "the life-force'), and nephesh (best understood as "the total self' but often translated as 'soul')" Page 61.

     International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: "There is not dualism in the sense of separation, as though there could be full man either as body alone or as soul alone...together they make up the one man" Volume 1, Page 134.

     Hastings Bible Dictionary: ÒSoul is throughout the great part of the Bible simply the equivalent of ÔlifeÕ embodied in living creature.Ó

     T. Pierce Brown: "A consideration of EVERY passage in which these terms are used leads us to the consideration that the term 'soul' is a term that was applied in the Bible to every being that normally has sensory capacities (life), whether or not they have that capacity when the term is used referring to them. For example, one might see a body of a dead person and say, 'That poor soul is dead.' The Bible uses the term that way, even as we do, and it has nothing at all to do with the immorality or mortality of the soul. It simply means that the PERSON (the one who HAD life-soul-sensory capacity) is dead." "Soul and Spirit" Gospel Advocate, June 14, 1979, Church of Christ.

(1) Nehphesh (soul): When nehphesh is used referring only to animals is translated nine different ways in the King James Version.

  1. Creature (soulnehphesh) Genesis 1:21; 1:24; 2:19; 9:10; 2:12; Leviticus 11:46
  2. Thing (soulnehphesh) Leviticus 11:10. Ezekiel 47:9
  3. Life (soulnehphesh) Genesis 1:20; 1:30; Leviticus 17:10-14 - 2 times
  4. The life (soulnehphesh) Genesis 9:4; Deuteronomy 12:23; Proverbs 12:10
  5. Beast (soulnehphesh) Leviticus 24:18
  6. The soul (soulnehphesh) Job 12:10
  7. Breath (soulnehphesh) Job 41:21
  8. Fish (soulnehphesh) Isaiah 19:10
  9. Her (soulnehphesh) Jeremiah 2:24

(2) Nehphesh (soul): When it is used referring to BOTH Animals and Man is translated in three different ways.

1.        Creature (soulnehphesh) Genesis 9:15; 9:16

2.        The life (soulnehphesh) Leviticus 17:11; 17:14

3.        Soul (soulnehphesh) Numbers 31:28

(3) Nehphesh (soul): When it has the animal appetites and desires of Man is translated in five different ways, (1) pleasure, (2) lust, (3) appetite, (3) and greedy (5) Soul.

1.       Translated pleasure (soulnehphesh) Deuteronomy 23:24

2.       Translated lust (soulnehphesh) Psalm 78:18

3.       Translated appetite (soulnehphesh) Proverbs 23:2. Ecclesiastes 6:7

4.       Translated greedy (soulnehphesh) Isaiah 56:11

5.       Translated soul (Nehphesh) 13 things the "soul" (person) does

1.        The soul dried away Numbers 11:6

2.        The soul lusts Deuteronomy 12:15; 12:21; 14:26

3.        The soul longs to eat flesh Deuteronomy 12:20

4.        The soul lusts after Deuteronomy 12:20

5.        The soul desires Deuteronomy 14:26; 1 Samuel 2:16

6.        The soul loathes Deuteronomy 21:5

7.        The soul refused Job 6:7

8.        The soul abhorred Job 33:20; Psalm 107:18

9.        The soul hunger Proverbs 6:30

10.     The soul satisfying Proverbs 13:25

11.     The soul empty Isaiah 29:8

12.     The soul has appetite Isaiah 29:8

13.     The soul desired figs Micah 7:1

THE SOUL (PERSON-NEHPHESH) CAN BE HUNGRY,

HAVE AN APPETITE, BE THIRSTY, EAT MEAT

     "Men do not despise a thief if he steals to satisfy himself (soulnehphesh) when he is hungry" (Proverbs 6:30). An example of how well the translators hid the fact that this is the same word that they translated soul in other places when they did not want you to see it.

     "I will set my face against that soul (soulnehphesh) that eats blood, and will cut him off from among his people" (Leviticus 17:10).

     "And you shall say, I will eat flesh, because your soul (soulnehphesh) desires to eat flesh; you may eat flesh, after all the desire of your soul (soulnehphesh)" (Deuteronomy 12:20).

     "And it shall be as when a hungry man dreams and, behold, he eats; but he awakes, and his soul (soulnehphesh) is empty; or as when a thirsty man dreams, and behold, he drinks; but he awakes, and, behold, he is faint, and his soul (soul-nehphesh) has appetite" (Isaiah 29:8).

SOUL IS THE LIFE, NOT AN IMMORTAL SOMETHING

ÒYou shall not eat flesh with its life (soulnehphesh)Ó (Genesis 9:4)

ÒFor the life (soul nehphesh) of the fleshÓ (Leviticus 17:11; 17:14)

ÒThose who seek my life (soulnehphesh)Ó (Psalm 38:12)

ÒFor those who sought the ChildÕs life (soulpsukee) are deadÕ (Matthew 2:20)

Many more passage that show that both nehphesh and are the life of the person or animal, not in immortal something that has itÕs own life and lives after the person is dead.

IF A SOUL CAN DIE

IT CANNOT BE IMMORTAL

     Can whatever is intended by the Hebrew word "nehphesh" die? The Bible says over 320 times that the nehphesh (soul):

1.       Can die

2.       Can be killed by man

3.       Or that it is already dead

     If it can die, then whatever "nehphesh" is translated into IS something that can die. If the many words that "nehphesh" is translated into is something that can die, then the soul cannot be immortal, and it can die. To say that "nehphesh" (soul) is immortal and cannot die makes the Bible be wrong repeatedly. If the soul (nehphesh) is immortal and cannot die, the writers of the Bible did not know it.

SOULS CAN DIE, CAN BE DEAD

(1). Souls (nehpheshs) can die Numbers 23:10, Ezekiel 18:4, 20, Joshua 11:11. "They smote (killed) all the souls (nehphesh)Ó King James Version. ÒAnd they struck every person (nehpheshs) who was in it with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them; there was no one left who breathedÓ New American Standard Bible. Can an immortal soul can die or be utterly destroy? Not only does the Bible not say the soul is immortal, it denies it by saying often that the soul can die or be killed or is already dead.

(2). Souls (nehpheshs) can be murdered. Deuteronomy 12:23; Numbers 35:11-15.

(3). Souls (nehpheshs) can be killed Leviticus 24:17. An immortal soul can be killed? "Kills any person" (soul-nehphesh) Numbers 35:11, 15, 30, 31

(4) ÒLet us not take his lifeÓ (soul-nehphesh) Genesis 37:21

(5). Souls (nehpheshs) can be smote with the sword and utterly destroyed Joshua 11:11

(6). Souls (nehpheshs) can be slain. An immortal soul can be slain? Deuteronomy 27:25

(7). Souls (nehpheshs) can be destroyed. An immortal soul can be destroyed? Leviticus 23:30

(8). Souls (nehpheshs) can be taken away 1 Kings 19:4

(9). Souls (nehpheshs) can be sought to kill it Jeremiah 44:30

(10). Souls (nehpheshs) cannot be kept alive. An immortal soul that cannot die but it cannot be kept alive? Psalm 22:29

(11). Souls (nehpheshs) have blood and can bleed. "The blood of the souls of the poor" Jeremiah 2:34

(12). "Let us not take his life (soulnehphesh)" Genesis 37:21

(13). "Life (soulnehphesh) for life (soulnehphesh) Immortal soul for immortal soul?" Exodus 21:23

(14). "Any dead body (soulnehphesh)" Leviticus 21:11

(15). "That person (soulnehphesh) will I destroy" Leviticus 23:30

(16). "And if a man takes the life (soulnehphesh) of any human being" Leviticus 24:17. Does anyone believe a person can take an immortal soul of any human being?

(17). "And he that smites any man mortally shall be put to death. And he that smites a beast mortally shall make it good, life (soulnehphesh) for life (soul nehphesh) (soul for soul?)" Leviticus 24:18

(18). "Because of a dead person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 5:2

(19). "He shall not go near to a dead person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 6:6

(20). "Because of a dead person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 6:11

(21). "Unclean because of the dead person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 9:6, 7

(23). "Because of a dead person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 9:10

(23). "The one who touches the corpse of any person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 19:11

(24). "Anyone who touches a corpse, the body (soulnehphesh) of a man who has died" Numbers 19:13. How could anyone touch the corpse of something that has no substance and cannot die? ÒAnd the soul (nehphesh)" that touches itÓ (Numbers 19:22). By todayÕs definition of soul, (1) an immaterial something is dead and touched by man (2) and an immaterial soul touches a dead person.

(25). "Whosoever has killed any person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 31:19

(26). "The manslayer who has killed any person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 35:11

(27). "Anyone who kills a person (soulnehphesh) unintentionally may flee there" Numbers 35:15

(28). "If anyone kills a person (soulnehphesh)" Numbers 35:30

(29). "And take his life (soulnehphesh)" Deuteronomy 19:6

(30). "And strikes him so that he (soulnehphesh) dies" Deuteronomy 19:11

(31). "Life (soul-nehphesh) for life (soulnehphesh), eye for eye, tooth for tooth" Deuteronomy 19:21

(32). "A man rises against his neighbor and murders him (soul-nehphesh)" Deuteronomy 22:26

(33). "Cursed be he who takes a bride to slay an innocent person (soulnehphesh)" Deuteronomy 27:25

(34). "And deliver our lives (soulsnehpheshs) from death" Joshua 2:13

(35). "Our life (soulnehphesh) for yours" Joshua 2:13. Not, ÒOur immortal souls for your immortal soulsÓ

(36). "And they smote all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them; there were none left that breathed" Joshua 11:11

(37). "He utterly destroyed them and all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein; he left none remaining" Joshua 10:28

(38). "And he smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein; he left none remaining in it" Joshua 10:30

(39). "And all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein" Joshua 10:32

(40). "And all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein he utterly destroyed that day" Joshua 10:35

(41). "But he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein" Joshua 10:37.

(42). "And he captured it and its king and all its cities, and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed all the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that were therein" Joshua 10:39. Can immortal souls be utterly destroyed with the sword?

(43). "Who kills any person (soulnehphesh)" Joshua 20:9. Not, ÒWho kills any immortal soul that cannot be killedÓ

(44). "That kills any person (soulnehphesh)" Joshua 20:3

(45). "That his soul (soulnehphesh) was vexed to death" Judges 16:16 "annoyed to death" New American Standard Version. We say, "He worried me to dead"

(46). "Let me (soulnehphesh) die" Judges 16:30. "Let my soul that cannot die, die anyway?"

(47). "And you lose your life (soulnehphesh), with the lives (soulsnehphesh) of your household" Judges 18:25

(48). "If you do not save your life (soulnehphesh) tonight" 1 Samuel 19:11

(49). "The death of all the persons (soulsnehpheshs) of your father's house" 1 Samuel 22:22

(50). "He that seeks my life (soulnehphesh) seeks your life (soulnehphesh)" 1 Samuel 22:23

(51). "He is seeking my life (soulnehphesh)" 1 Samuel 20:1

(52). "And David saw that Saul was come out to seek his life (soulnehphesh)" 1 Samuel 23:15

(53). "You are lying in wait for my soul (soulnehphesh) to take it" 1 Samuel 24:11

(54). "To pursue you and to seek your soul (soulnehphesh1 Samuel 25:29 also 2 Samuel 4:8, 16:11, 1 Kings 19:10, 14, Psalm 35:4, 38:12, 35:13, 40:14, 40:15, Jeremiah 40:14, 40:15

(55). "Deliver him that smote his brother, that we may kill him for the life (soulnehphesh) of his brother whom he slew" 2 Samuel 14:7

(56). "Who today have saved your life (soulnehphesh) and the lives (souls-nehpheshs) of your sons and daughter, the lives (soulnehphesh) of your wives, and the lives (souls-nehpheshs) of your concubines" 2 Samuel 19:5

(57). "Have you asked for the life (soulnehphesh) of your enemies" 1 Kings 3:11

(58). "Prolong my life (soulnehphesh)" Job 6:11. Prolong the life of an immortal soul?

(59). "For himself that he might die, and said, It is enough; now, O Lord, take my life (soul-nehphesh)" 1 Kings 19:4

(60). "A man that is laden with the blood of any person (soulnehphesh) shall flee unto the pit; let no man stay him" Proverbs 28:17

(61). "The blood of the souls (soulsnehpheshs) of the innocent poor" Jeremiah 2:34. An immaterial, invisible, part of a person that has no substance had blood!

(62). "Ammon has sent Ishmael the son of Nethaniah to take your life (soul-nehphesh)...wherefore should he take your life (soulnehphesh)" Jeremiah 40:14-15

(63). "To slay the souls (soulsnehpheshs) that should not die and to save the souls (soulsnehpheshs) alive that should not live" Ezekiel 13:19

(64). "The soul (soulnehphesh) who sins will die" Ezekiel 18:4

(65). Ezekiel 18:20

  1. "The SOUL (nehphesh) that sins, it SHALL DIE" King James Version
  2. "The PERSON (soulnehphesh) who sins SHALL DIE" New Revised Standard Version
  3. "The PERSON (soulnehphesh) who sins WILL DIE" New American Standard Version, and New Revised English Bible
  4. ÒIt is the PERSON (soulnehphesh) who sins that WILL DIEÓ The Revised English Bible
  5. "The PERSON (soulnehphesh) who sins is the one who WILL DIE" New Century Version, Holman, and Christian Standard Bible
  6. ÒIt is for a MANÕS (soulnehphesh) own sins that he WILL DIEÓ The Living Bible
  7. ÒThe PERSON (soulnehphesh) who sins will be the one who DIESÓ New Living Translation
  8. ÒOnly THOSE (soul-nehphesh) who sin will be PUT TO DEATHÓ Contemporary English Version
  9. ÒOnly THE ONE (soulnehphesh) who sins SHALL DIEÓ The New American Bible (Catholic), and Today's New International Version
  10. ÒThe PERSON (soulnehphesh) who sins WILL DIEÓ God Word Translation
  11. ÒPEOPLE (soulnehphesh) WILL DIE because of their own sinsÓ New International Reader's Version

     This is a person dying (being put to death) for a sin under the Old Testament law, but is almost always used referring to a part of a person that cannot die by those who believe a soul cannot die. When this is misapply to some inter part of a person, as is often is, then this is an undeniable statement that their immortal inter part of a person that they say cannot die will die if it sins; and that the soul will not have everlasting life with torment. This is definitely not what they wanted, but what they made in their attempt to make the soul immortal. If "soul" means "an immortal inter part of a person that cannot die," then James said, "Shall save an immortal inter part of man, which cannot die, from death" James 5:20. This theology makes nonsense of the Bible.

     The divine sentence, "The soul that sins, it shall die" has been revised to say, "The soul that sins, it shall live eternally in torment." Not only must this be changed from "die" to "eternal life" but after making the change then torment must be added; Òthe soul that sins, it shall live forever being eternally torment by God.Ó To make it teach what many want it to teach, first, God's word must be changed and then added to.

     ÒShall dieÓ in verse four is in contrast to Òshall surely liveÓ in verse nine. It is life or death of a living person under the Law that is being spoken of, not two kinds of life after death.

(66). "By shedding blood and destroying lives (soulsnehpheshs)" Ezekiel 22:27.

(67). "Like a roaring lion ravening the prey: they have devoured souls (soulsnehpheshs)" Ezekiel 22:25.

(68) ÒIn whose hand is the life (soulnehphesh) of every living thing" (Job 12:10). ÒThe soul of every living thingÓ King James Version.

(69). "He did not spare their soul (nehphesh) from death, but gave over their life to the plague, and smote all the firstborn in Egypt" (Psalm 78:50).

(70). IN OVER 320 (over one third) OF THE ABOUT 870 TIMES THAT SOUL (nehphesh) IS USED:

á          The soul is already dead

á          The soul can die, can be killed

á          The soul can be sought to be killed

á          The soul can be affected

á          The soul can be smote

á          The soul can be cut off

á          The soul can be murdered

á          The soul can be delivered from death

á          The soul can be buried

     In most of these passages the translators of the King James and other translations have hidden from the readers that the very thing they believe to be immortal and cannot die does die by translating "nehphesh" into "life," "person" and many other words, but even in the King James Version there are many passages which say souls (nehpheshs) can and do die. Some more of the many passages:

á          "We feared greatly for our soul (nehphesh) because of you" (Joshua 9:24).

á          "All the men who were seeking your soul (nehphesh) are dead" (Exodus 4:19).

á          They had to flee to save their souls (nehphesh) (2 King 7:7), or their souls (nehphesh) would be utterly destroyed "with the edge of the sword" or other weapons (Joshua 10:27; 10:30; 10:32; 10:35, 10:37; 10:39).

á          Not only could their souls (nehphesh) be killed by their enemies, but their souls (nehphesh) could also die for lack of food (Lamentations 1:11; Numbers 11:6).

á          Also, Genesis 9:4; 9:5; 12:13; 17:14; 19:17; 19:19; 19:20; 32:30; 32:31; 35:18; 37:21; Exodus 21:23; 30:12; 30:15; 31:14; Leviticus 7:18; 7:20; 7:21 7:27; 17:11; 17:12; 17:14; 19:8; 21:1; 21:11; 22:3; 24:17; 24:18; Numbers 5:2; 6:6; 9:6; 9:7; 9:10; 9:18; 19:11; 19:13; 19:20; 23:10; 31:19; 35:11; 35:15; 35:30; 35:31; Deuteronomy 12:23; Joshua 2:13; 11:11; 20:3; 20:9; Judges 5:28; 12:3; 16:16; 18:25; Ruth; 4:15; 1 Samuel 1:19; 1: 20; 1:23; 23:15; 23:20; 25:29; 28:9; 28:21; 2 Samuel 4:8; 14:7; 16:11; 19:5; 19:6; 1 Kings 1:12; 1:29; 3:11; 17:21; 17:22; 19:10; 19:14; 20:32; 2 Kings 1:13; 19:24; 1 Chronicles 11:19; 2 Chronicles 11:11; Esther 7:7; Job 13:14; 30:16; 33:18; 33:22; 36:14; Psalm 7:2; 17:13; 22:20; 22:21; 22:29: 22:30; 31:13; 33:19; 35:4; 35:17; 38:12; 38:13; 70:2; 70:3; 71:10; Proverbs 1:19; 7:23; 12:10; 13:3; 23:14; Isaiah 10:18; 43:4; Jeremiah 2:34; 4:30; 34:20-21; 38:2; 38:16; 39:18; 40:15; 44:30; 45:5; 49:37; Ezekiel 17:17; 18:4; 18:20; 18:27; 22:25; 22:27; Jonah 4:3; 4:6.

     Summary: The "nehphesh (soul)" of the Old Testament is an earthly being, man, animal, or sea creature, both living and dead. It can die, it can be dead, be killed, be sought to kill, be smote, die from a lack of food or water, be cut off, be murdered, be delivered from death, be born, live, sorrow, eat, drink water, desire, be discontented, be grieved, be bound with a bond, be affected, loathes, lust, have anguish, etc. Not one of the about 870 times that nehphesh is used does it have reference to an invisible, immaterial part of a person that has no substance and cannot die. Nehphesh in the Old Testament and psukee in the New Testament are together used about 967 times with over one-third being associated with the death of the soul (person). Some (nehpheshssouls) are dead. Some are dying. Some are in fear of death. Some have those who are trying to kill them. Some are saved from death, etc. On the other hand, in the 976 times soul is used, not one time is the soul said to be deathless or immortal.

     In about thirty-two passages souls (nehpheshs) are spoken of as being killed by man ÒAnd he that kills any (nehphesh) man shall surely be put to death. And he that kills a (nehphesh) beast shall make it good; beast (nehphesh) for beast (nehphesh)Ó Leviticus 25:17-18. Nehphesh–soul is used four times in the Hebrew but because of the bias of the translators not one time in the King James Version. They changed soul into beast to deliberately hide from their readers that animals the same as men are souls—living beings that can die. (See Joshua 10:28; 30; 32; 35; 37; 39; Deuteronomy 27:25; Leviticus 24:17-18).

     In about thirteen passages souls (nehpheshs) of men are said to be actually dead (see Numbers 6:6; Leviticus 21:11). In many of these passages, the King James Version and others translated nehphesh as life or body; and the English reader cannot see that animals are souls (are living creatures), and that man kills souls of both men and animals, and sometimes souls are actually dead. Under the Law anyone that touched a dead body was unclean. ÒDead bodyÓ (nehphesh) Leviticus 21:11 ÒDead bodyÓ (nehphesh) Numbers 6:6. Corpses are dead souls and anyone who came in contact with a dead soul was unclean.

     Most of the times when it is translated "soul," even those who believe in a part of a person that lives after death and before the resurrection says it is not used to mean an immortal part of a person. The whole person dies unto the resurrection (Ezekiel 18:20; Psalm 22:29; 33:18-19; Matthew 10:28; Matthew 16:26; James 5:20). Not just the person's body.

     This clearly shows that the meaning of the Hebrew word nehphesh is something that is not immortal and that it can die or that it already is dead. There is no other word in the Bible which could be translated into Plato's immortal soul; therefore, the translators had to use this one and hide, the best they could, the fact that nehphesh can and does die.

     Of the hundreds of times Nehphesh is used in the Old Testament only five are used in the same passage as sheol. Of these five the Kings James Version sheol is translated Hell three times (Psalm 16:10; 86:13; Proverbs 23:14). The other two they had to translate grave (Psalm 30:3; 89:48). In all five the nehphesh (soullife) is delivered from or brought up from sheol (grave). What is said in all five is as far from todayÕs teaching on Hell as it is possible to be. The New International Version translates sheol into grave in all five passages, nehphesh into, (1) me, (2) himself, (3) me, (4) me, (5) and soul.

     The only way for the translators to hide that the nehphesh of the Old Testament can die, bleed, be dead was by rightly translating it as something mortal in many passages. In most translations nehphesh is sometimes translated to be immortal, often in the same passages where it is also translated to be mortal. How could it be known when it was mortal and when it was immortal? The only answer is that the translators were trying to put PlatoÕs immortal soul in the Bible by mistranslating when they could but found nehphesh many times would not make sense if translated into something immortal and deathless.

     Not one time is nehphesh an immortal something but it is translated mortally in the King James Version. ÒAnd smite him mortally (nehphesh)Ó (Deuteronomy19:11).

==================================

The Companion Bible, Appendix 13 says nehphesh (life-soul) is used:

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     Just one of the many examples of the absurdity of the translations of nehphesh in the King James Version with the meaning of "soul" as it is used today, an invisible, no substance something in a person that no one has ever seen or can see and it is immortal and cannot die. "For mine enemies speak against me; and they that lay wait for my soul (nehphesh) take counsel together" (Psalm 70:10). How could anyone lay in wait (ambush) for an undying invisible inter part of a person that no one can see and how could anyone kill something that cannot die even if they could see it?

     "Deliver my soul" (nehphesh) Psalm 17:13 in today's English would be "Save my life" (nehphesh).

     Many more times "soul" (nehphesh) would only make sense if translated "life." To apply today's meaning, "an undying invisible inter part of man" makes many passages be total nonsense. Today's meaning of "soul" is very different from the meaning of nehphesh in Biblical times, which makes "soul" be a mistranslation. When anyone reads the Bible and reads "soul" and knows only what the word "soul" means today, they cannot understand what God said. Many English translations use "soul" and "person" interchangeable. The Revised Standard uses "person" frequently where the King James used "soul." The problem is that most English readers would not know that when they say a "person" died, that they are hiding the fact that "person" (soul-nehphesh) is the same word that is translated "soul" in many places. Why did some translators do this? Was it because they did not believe an immortal "soul" can die, but a person can die? If the "soul" (soul-nehphesh) dies, it would not be immortal; therefore, they were forced to use "person" or "life" in many places to hide the fact from you that the nehphesh can die. The truth is that they were trying to put "soul" with today's meaning in the Bible despite the fact that it is not. If they had been consistent in translating, they would not have been able to add the doctrine of an undying soul in the Bible.

     "The Lord of hosts has sworn by Himself (soul-nehphesh)" (Jeremiah 51:14). By His own being or person. God "could swear by no one greater, He swore by Himself (psukee-soul)" (Hebrews 6:13). Not even the King James translators wanted God to have an invisible inter part that would live after the rest of Him was dead. God's nehphesh and man's nehphesh are their being, person, not just an invisible something in either God or a person.

     All the Old Testament words, which are translated life, spirit, breath, or soul, are all used referring to both persons and animals. Every word that is used to prove a person has an immortal soul or an immortal spirit would also prove all breathing creatures have an in immortal soul if they proved a person does.

(1) Nehphesh/soul-life: It is used to describe all living beings.

(2) Nshahmah: Is also used to describe all living being/breath of life: All living things that breathes (Used 24 times).

á          Used to describe man "Breathed into his nostrils the BREATH of life" Genesis 2:7; 1 Kings 17:17; Job 27:3.

á          Used to describe man and animals, both man and animals have the same nshahmah (breath of life-spirit).

á          "All in whose nostrils was the BREATH (nshahmah) of the spirit of life, of all that was on the dry land, died" Genesis 7:22. All living being, man, and animals.

á          "But of the cities of these peoples, that Jehovah your God gives you for an inheritance, you shall save alive nothing that BREATHS (nshahmah)" Deuteronomy 20:16. All living being, both man and animals.

á          "So Joshua smote all the land, the hill-country, and the South, and the lowland, and the slopes, and all their kings: he left none remaining, but he utterly destroyed all that BREATHED (nshahmah)" Joshua 10:40. All living being, both man and animals that had life (nshahmah) were killed.

á          "And they smote all the souls that were therein with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them; there were none left that BREATHED (nshahmah)" Joshua 11:11. All living being, both man and animals.

á          Also, Joshua 11:14; 1 Kings 15:29; Job 34:14; Psalm 150:6

Not one of the 24 times nshahmah is used says anything about a part of a person that is immortal. As nahahmah is translated in the New International Version.

1.        Genesis 2:7  ÒBreathed into his nostrils the breath (nshahmuh) of lifeÓ

2.        Genesis 7:22 ÒEverything on dry land that had the breath of life (nshahmuh) in its nostrils diedÓ

3.        Deuteronomy 20:16 ÒDo not leave alive anything that breathes (nshahmuh)Ó

4.        Joshua 10:40 ÒHe totally destroyed all who breathed (nshahmuh)Ó

5.        Joshua 11:11 ÒThey totally destroyed them, not sparing anything that breathed (nshahmuh)Ó

6.        Joshua 11:14 ÒBut all the people they put to the sword until they completely destroyed them, not sparing anyone that breathed (nshahmuh)Ó

7.        2 Samuel 22:16 ÒAt the blast of breath (nshahmuh) from his nostrilsÓ

8.        1 Kings 15:29 ÒHe did not leave Jeroboam anyone that breathed (nshahmuh), but destroyed them allÓ

9.        1 Kings 17:17 ÒHe grew worse and worse, and finally stopped breathing (nshahmuh)Ó

10.     Job 4:9 (Hebrew dualism in Job—the same thing said in two different ways)

a.        ÒAt the breath (ruach) of God they are destroyed:

b.        At the blast (nshahmuh) of his anger they perishÓ

11.     Job 26:4

a.        ÒWho has helped you utter these words?

b.        And whose spirit (nshahmuh) spoke from your mouth?Ó

12.     Job 27:3

a.        ÒAs long as I have life (ruach) within me,

b.        The breath (nshahmuh) of God in my nostrilsÓ

13.     Job 32:8

a.        ÒBut it is the spirit (ruach) in a man,

b.        The breath (nshahmuh) of the AlmightyÓ

14.     Job 33:4

a.        ÒThe Spirit of God made me;

b.        The breath (nshahmuh) of the Almighty gives me lifeÓ

15.     Job 34:14-15 ÒIf it was his intention and he withdrew his spirit and breath (nshahmuh),

á          All mankind would perish together

á          And man would return to the dustÓ

16.     Job 37:10

a.        ÒThe tempest comes out from its chamber, the cold from the driving winds.

b.        The breath (nshahmuh) of God produces ice, and the broad waters become frozenÓ

17.     Psalm 18:15 ÒO Lord, at the blast (nshahmuh) of breath from your nostrilsÓ

18.     Psalm 150:6 ÒLet everything that has breath (nshahmuh) praise the LordÓ

19.     Proverbs 20:27 ÒThe lamp of the Lord searches the spirit (nshahmuh) of a man; it searches out his inmost beingÓ

20.     Isaiah 2:22 ÒStop trusting in man, who has but a breath (nshahmuh) in his nostrilsÓ

21.     Isaiah 30:33 ÒThe breath (nshahmuh) of the Lord, like a stream of burning sulfur, sets it ablazeÓ

22.     Isaiah 42:5 ÒWho gives breath (nshahmuh) to its people, and life to those who walk on itÓ

23.     Isaiah 57:16 ÒThe breath (nshahmuh) of man that I have created.Ó ÒSpiritÓ in King James Version

24.     Daniel 10:17 ÒMy strength is gone and I can hardly breathe (nshahmuh)Ó

 (3) Ruach/spirit-breath: Is used of:

á          God (Exodus 15:8; 2 Samuel 22:16; Isaiah 4:4)

á          Spirit of the Lord (Zephaniah 4:6)

á          Heavenly being (Psalm 104:4)

(4) Ruach/spirit-breath: Is also used to describe all earthly living beings.

Ruach and nshahmuh have very near if not the same meaning. Both are used in Hebrew dualism in Job three times as two ways of saying the same thing.

ÒAll in whose nostrils was the breath (nshahmuh) of the spirit of life, diedÓ (Genesis 7:22).

"To destroy all flesh in which is the breath (ruach) of life" (Genesis 6:17).

     The above is an example of the many times the two seem to be used interchangeable but only when it is the breath of a living being that is being spoken of. Nshahmuh is limited to the air or breath of the mouth of any breathing being; ruach also means any breathing being but has a must broader use in that it is used of wind and any air movement. Neither the breath (nshahmuh) of a person, or the breath (ruach) of a person is not an immortal entity added to the person that has life in itself apart from the person any more then the breath (nshahmuh) of God, or the breath (ruach) of God is an entity that has life in itself apart from God.

Ruach is translated sixteen different ways

In the King James Version

     Of about 389 times ruach is used in the Old Testament it is translated wind about 90 times, breath 28 times, blast 4 times, air, windy, tempest, whirlwind, tempest, and breath. Both ruach and nshahmuh are basically translated with the same words, both have something to do with the breath or air without which there would be no life; in Genesis 2:7 it was when God breathed into AdamÕs nostrils the breath of life (nshahmah) that Adam became a living being.

á          BREATH (ruach-spirit)

á          ÒAll in whose nostrils was the BREATH (ruach) of lifeÓ (Genesis 6:17; 7:15).

á          "By the BREATH (ruach) of his mouth" (Genesis 6:17; Psalm 104:29, Job 15:30).

á          "By the BREATH (ruach-spirit) of his mouth" (Job 15:30).

á          "All in whose nostrils was the BREATH (ruach-spirit) of life" (Genesis 7:22).

á          "To destroy all flesh in which is the BREATH (ruach-spirit) of life" (Genesis 6:17).

á          "So they went into the ark to Noah, by twos of all flesh in which was the BREATH (ruach-spirit) of life" (Genesis 7:15).

á          "No BREATH (ruach-spirit) in them" (Jeremiah 10:14). Why not, "No SPIRIT (ruach-spirit) in them" or "Takes away their SPIRIT (ruach-spirit)" (Psalm 104:29)? How did the translators know when the same word was wind, breath, spirit, blast, air, mind, courage, cool, or anger? How are those who read their translation to know that these are all the same word in the Hebrew? Idols are described as not having breath (ruach) (Habakkuk 2:19).

á          "Every goldsmith...his molten images are deceitful, and there is no BREATH (ruach-spirit) in them" (Jeremiah 51:17).

á          "Takes away their BREATH (ruach-spirit)" (Psalm 104:29).

á          "As one dies so dies the other; indeed, they all have the same BREATH (ruach-spirit) and there is no advantage for man over beast" (Ecclesiastes 3:19).

á          WIND (ruach-spirit)

á          "God made a WIND (ruach-spirit) to pass over" (Genesis 8:1).

á          "Like the chaff, which the WIND (ruach-spirit) drives" (Psalm 1:4).

á          "You did blow with your WIND (ruach-spirit)" (Exodus 15:10).

á          "Clouds and WIND (ruach-spirit) without rain" (Proverbs 25:14).

á          "My escape from the WINDY (ruach-spirit) storm" (Psalm 55:8).

á          "A WHIRLWIND (ruach-spirit) came out of the north" (Ezekiel 1:4).

á          "A destroying WIND (ruach-spirit)" (Jeremiah 51:1).

á          "A strong WIND (ruach-spirit)" (Job 8:2).

á          "An horrible TEMPEST (ruach-spirit)" (Psalm 11:6).

á          "You shall scatter in the WIND (ruach-spirit)" (Ezekiel 5:2).

á          "An east WIND (ruach-spirit)" (Exodus 10:13).

á          "A mighty strong west WIND (ruach-spirit)" (Exodus 10:19).

á          Psalm 1:4, Exodus 15:10

á          WINDY ÒMy escape from the WINDY (ruach) stormÓ (Psalm 55:8).

á          WHIRLWIND ÒA WHIRLWIND (ruach) came out of the north" (Ezekiel 1:4).

á          TEMPEST ÒAn horrible TEMPEST (ruach)" (Psalm 116).

á          SPIRIT (ruach-spirit). Why was the same word translated

ÒBy the BREATH (ruach) of his mouthÓ (Job 15:30), and then

 ÒAnd the SPIRIT (ruach) of God in my nostrilsÓ(Job 27:3)?

     Were they saying God has an Òimmaterial invisibleÓ (Vine) something in Him that can exist after His death as we are told that mankind his? There is no possible way that the translators could have known when the same word (ruach) was breath and when it was an immortal deathless something; the two meaning are nothing alike. ÒYou take away their breath (ruach), they die, and return to their dust. You send forth your spirit (ruach), they are created: and you renew the face of the earthÓ (Psalm 105:29-30). The spirit as it is used today cannot die; therefore, this ruach could not be translated spirit, but when the earth is renewed by new life, the translated give this new life a spirit (ruach), not just breath (ruach).

á          Holman Christian Standard Bible ÒWhen You hide Your face, they are terrified; when You take away their breath (ruach), they die and return to the dust. When You send Your breath (ruach), they are created, and You renew the face of the earth.Ó

á          Amplified Bible ÒWhen You hide Your face, they are troubled and dismayed; when You take away their breath (ruach), they die and return to their dust. When You send forth Your Spirit and give them breath (ruach), they are created, and You replenish the face of the ground.Ó

á          Common English Bible ÒBut when you hide your face, they are terrified; when you take away their breath (ruach), they die and return to dust. When you let loose your breath (ruach), they are created, and you make the surface of the ground brand-new again.Ó

á          New Century Version ÒWhen you turn away from them, they become frightened. When you take away their breath (ruach), they die and turn to dust. When you breathe (ruach) on them, they are created, and you make the land new again.Ó

á          Holman Christian Standard Bible ÒWhen You hide Your face, they are terrified; when You take away their breath (ruach), they die and return to the dust. When You send Your breath (ruach), they are created, and You renew the face of the earth.Ó

Does the number of times ÒSpiritÓ is used in the difference translations show the scholars that translated them were easing away from the King James Version?

á          236 times in King James Version

á          221 times in New American Standard Bible

á          193 times in New International Version

á          167 times in New Living Translation

á          79 times in Contemporary English Version

á          131 times in The Message

á          ÒAnd the SPIRIT (ruach) of God in my nostrilsÓ (Job 27:3).

á          "SPIRIT (ruach) of God" (Genesis 1:2).

á          "And the SPIRIT (ruach) shall return unto God" (Ecclesiastes 12:7).

á           "And the SPIRIT (ruach) of the beast that goes downward" (Ecclesiastes 3:21).

SPIRIT (ruach-spirit) in passages that has reference to attitude, behavior, thinking, disposition, mood, or temperament. As ÒA happy disposition,Ó Ògood attitudeÓ or Òbad mood.Ó I do not believe many if any will say these passages are speaking of in immortal, no substance something that has it own life even after the body of the person it is in is dead.

á          "A lying SPIRIT (ruach)" (1 Kings 22:23).

á          "The SPIRIT (ruach) of jealousy came" (Genesis 1:2; 41:8, Numbers 5:14; 5:30).

á          ÒThe SPIRIT (ruach) of heavinessÓ (Isaiah 61:3).

á          "The SPIRIT (ruach) of jealousy came" (Numbers 5:30).

á          "Because he had another SPIRIT (ruach)" (Numbers 14:24).

á          "The SPIRIT (ruach) entered into me" (Ezekiel 2:2; 3:24).

á          ÒNeither was there SPIRIT (ruach) in themÓ (Joshua 5:1).

á          "And a new SPIRIT (ruach) will I put within you" (Ezekiel 36:26).

á          "God hardened his SPIRIT (ruach)" (Deuteronomy 2:30).

á          "Anguish of SPIRIT (ruach)" (Exodus 6:9).

á          "SPIRIT (ruach) of wisdom" (Exodus 28:3).

á          "Joshua...was filled with the SPIRIT (ruach) of wisdom" (Deuteronomy 34:9).

á          "Sorrowful SPIRIT (ruach)" (2 Samuel 1:15).

á          "Why is your SPIRIT (ruach) so sad" (1 Kings 21:5).

á          "SPIRIT (ruach) was troubled" (Genesis 41:8).

á          "The sacrifices of God are a broken SPIRIT (ruach)" (Psalm 51:7).

á          "Hasty of SPIRIT (ruach)" (Proverbs 14.29).

á          ÒBy sorrow of the heart the SPIRIT (ruach) is brokenÓ (Proverbs 15:13).

á          "An haughty SPIRIT (ruach)" (Proverbs 16:18).

á          "An humble SPIRIT (Proverbs 16:19).

W. E. Vine, ÒVineÕs Complete Expository Dictionary,Ó pages 240-241 gives nine ways spirit-ruach is used in the Old Testament.

1.        First, this word means ÒbreathÓÉ

2.        Second, this word can be used with emphasis on the invisible, intangible, fleeting quality of airÉ

3.        Third, ruach can mean, ÒwindÓÉ

4.        Fourth, the wind represents directionÉ

5.        Fifth, ruach frequently represents the element of life in a man, his natural ÒspiritÓ: ÒAnd all flesh died that moved upon the earthÉAll in whose nostrils was the breath of life.Ó (Gen. 7:21-22). In these verses the animals have a ÒspiritÓ (cf. Ps. 104:29)ÉAll the ways of a man are clean in his own eyes; but the Lord weigheth the spirits (NASB, ÒmotivesÓ).

6.        Sixth, ruach is often used of

á          A manÕs mind-set, disposition, or ÒtemperÓ: ÒBlessed is the man unto whom the Lord imputeth not iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no guileÓ (Ps. 32:2). In Ezek. 13:3 the word is used of oneÕs mind or thinking: ÒWoe unto the foolish prophets, that follow their own spirit, and have seen nothingÓ (cf. Prov. 29:11).

á          Ruach can represent particular dispositions, as it does in Josh. 2:11: ÒAnd as soon as we had heard this things, out hearts did melt, neither did there remain any more courage in any man, because of youÉÓ (cf. Josh. 5:1; Job 15:12).

á          Another disposition represented by this word is ÒtemperÓ: ÒIf the spirit (temper) of the ruler rise up against thee, leave not thy placeÉÓ (Eccl. 10:4). David prayed that God would Òrestore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with the free SpiritÓ (Ps. 51:12). In this verse Òjoy of salvationÓ and Òfree SpiritÓ are parallel and; therefore, synonymous terms. Therefore, ÒspiritÓ refers to oneÕs inner disposition, just as ÒjoyÓ refers to an inner emotion.

7.        Seventh, the Bible often speaks of GodÕs ÒSpirit.Ó

8.        Eight, the non-material beings (angels) in heaven are sometimes called Òspirits.Ó

9.        Nine, the ÒspiritÓ may also be used of that which enables a man to do a particular job of that which represents the essence of a quality of manÉ

á          Just as in the New Testament, when spirit is used in reference to a person, it is the disposition of the persons mind or thinking.

á          BLAST ÒAnd at the blast (ruach)" of Thy (God) nostrils the waters were piled upÓ (Exodus 15:8). "BLASH (ruach-spirit) of your nostrils" (2 Kings 19:7). Also 2 Samuel 22:6.

á          AIR "That no AIR (ruach-spirit) can come between them" (Job 41:16; 41:8).

á          MIND "A fool utters all his MIND (ruach-spirit)Ó (Genesis 26:35, Proverbs 29:11).

á          COURAGE "Neither did there remain any more COURAGE (ruach-spirit) in them" (Joshua 5:1).

á          COOL "Walking in the garden in the COOL (ruach-spirit) of the day" (Genesis 3:8).

á          ANGER "Their ANGER (ruach-spirit) was abated" (Judges 8:3).

á          SIDE (Jeremiah 52:23; Ezekiel 42:16; 42:17; 42:18; 42:19; Òside windÓ in footnote).

á          QUARTERS (ruach-spirit) (1 Chronicles 9:24).

á          SPIRITUAL (ruach-spirit) (Hosea 9:7).

á          VAIN (ruach-spirit)  (Job 15:2; 16:3).    

     Why did the translators translate the word "ruach" into "spirit" in one place and "blast" or "wind" in others? The meaning of "spirit" as it was used in 1611 and today, an immortality no substance something in a person is not a thirty-first cousin to "wind" or "breath," etc., yet the translators, at will, translated the same word into many words things that have meaning that are worlds apart. If the same word has two completely different meanings:

1.       One meaning that had reference to the mortal person or animal.

2.       And another meaning that had reference to the immortal part of a person that animals do not have.

     How could the Hebrew people know when it was one and when it was the other? How could the translators know? They could not. They had to put their theology into the Bible even if they could not be consistent. How could anyone read the Kings James Version and know that anger, cool, courage, air, mind, breath, wind, blast, and spirit are the same thing? Most English reader today would not know that "wind" and "spirit" are all indiscriminately translated from the same word and almost without exception today's reader would understand "spirit" to be an immortal soul, but would never understand "wind" to be an immortal soul. Those who do not read Hebrew are misled by such indiscriminately translations.

Summary: Nehphesh, nshahmah, and ruach are something that both a person and an animal have in common and are something that can and does die. Both an animal and a man are a soul, a living being of this earth. Neither animals nor a person has a soul, an immortal inter part that cannot die and will live after the death of the animal or person it is in.

How nehphesh and psukee are translated in seven different versions and in different verses.

           |   K.J.V.    |   N.K.J.V.  |   N.A.S.V.  |   R.S.V.   |

Gen 1:20   | creatures   | creatures   | creatures   | creatures   |

Gen 2:7    | soul        | living being| living being| living being|

Gen 9:5    | life        | life        | life        | life        |

Mt 16:25-26|life & soul  | life & soul | life & soul | life 4 times|

Acts 3:23  | soul        | soul        | soul        | soul        |

1 Cor15:45 | soul        | living being| soul        | living being|

1 Pet 3:20 | souls       | soul        | persons     | persons     |

Rev 16:3   | soul        | creature    | living thing| living thing|

-----------------------------------------------------

           |   N.R.S.V.  |  N.I.V.      |Robert Young|

Gen 1:20   | creatures   | creatures    | creature   |

Gen 2:7    | living being| living being |living being-creature|

Gen 9:5    | life        | life         | life       |

Mt 16:25-26| life 4 times| life & soul  | soul       |

Acts 3:23  | everyone    | anyone       | soul       |

1 Cor15:45 | living being| living being | creature   |

1 Pet 3:20 | persons     | people       | soul       |

Rev 16:3   | living thing| living thing | soul       |

 

Nephesh and psukee are used over 976 times. The King James Version translated them soul about half of the time, other translations much less.

King James Version                 (1611) 498 times

New King James Version             (1982) 341 times

The New King James Version has soul 157 times less then the King James Version.

New American Standard Version      (1960) 289 times

New International Version          (1987) 136 times

New International Version Updated  (2010)  95 times

The New International Version 2010 Update took soul out of the New International Version 41 times. It used soul only 95 out of over 976 times.

TodayÕs New International Version  (1996)  41 times

English Standard Version           (2001) 296 times

Amplified Bible                    (1987) 190 times

Holman Christian Standard Bible    (1999)  58 times 

New Century Version                (1987)  35 times

Contemporary Revised English Bible (1995)  26 times

GodÕs Word Translation             (1995) 110 times

Worldwide English  New Testament   (1995)  12 times

Christian Bible    New Testament   (1995)   0 times

 

IN THE NEW TESTAMENT: Is the use of the English word "soul" as a translation of psukee dying? Of the 106 times psukee is used it is translated soul only:

King James Version                (1611) 58 times

American Standard Version         (1901) 56 times

New American Standard Version     (1960) 47 times

New Revised Standard              (1946) 33 times

New International Version         (1978) 25 times 

New International Version Updated (2010) 22 times

36 times less than the King James Version

The Christian Bible               (1991)  0 times

Contemporary English Version      (1995) 13 times

Holman Christian Standard Bible   (1999) 23 times

Worldwide English Version         (2006)  8 times

     It is those who are members of churches that believe a person has an immortal soul that are little by little taking the word "soul" out of the Bible. Why is soul being used less in the newer translations? The translators knew "soul" is an English word that did not then exist as the word is used today and is not a translation of nehphesh or psukee; at the time the Bible was written neither nehphesh nor psukee had the meaning that the English word ÒsoulÓ has today.

     A few of the many examples that show why the numbers above are difficult in difficult translations.

Numbers 29:7

Joshua 11:11

Judges 16:16

Numbers 30:2

Numbers 15:30

     Acts 15:24-26 is an example of how the translation of psukee was changed even in the same passage by the translators when it would not fit in with their belief about an immortal soul. ÒSince we have heard that some of our number to whom we gave no instruction have disturbed you with their words, unsettling your souls (psukee), it seemed good to us, having become of one mind, to select men to send to you with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, men who have risked their lives (psukee) for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ.Ó They risked their earthly life, not a deathless soul.

á          ÒCertain persons who have gone out from us, though with no instruction from us, have said things to disturb you and have unsettled your minds (psukee)Éwho has risked their lives (psukee)Ó New revised Standard Version.

á          ÒAnd disturbed you, troubling your minds (psukee) by what they saidÉmen who have risked their lives (psukee) for the name of our Lord Jesus ChristÓ New International Version.

á          ÒWe have heard that some of out group have come to you and said things that trouble (psukee)É and upset you (psukee)Ó New Century Version.

     A bird's eye view (below) of the way psukee is translated in four versions shows that it is a living being, not an immortal no substance something. The translators wanted to put their immortal soul in the Bible, but they had a problem for if they had uniformly translated psukee into "soul," in some passages their immortal soul would have been subject to death and in other passages it would be dead.

(1) King James (2) New Revised Standard (3) American Standard (4) New International

Matthew 2:20    |(1) LIFE|(2) LIFE |(3) LIFE|(4) LIFE

Matthew 6:25    | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 6:25    | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 10:28   | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Matthew 10:28   | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Matthew 10:39   | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 10:39   | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 11:29   | souls  | souls   | souls  | souls

Matthew 12:18   | soul   | soul    | soul   | I    

Matthew 16:25   | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 16:25   | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 16:26   | soul   | LIFE    | LIFE   | soul

Matthew 16:26   | soul   | LIFE    | LIFE   | soul

Matthew 20:28   | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Matthew 22:37   | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Matthew 26:38   | soul   | I       | soul   | soul

Mark 3:4        | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Mark 8:35       | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Mark 8:35       | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Mark 8:36       | soul   | LIFE    | LIFE   | soul

Mark 8:37       | soul   | LIFE    | LIFE   | soul

Mark 10:45      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Mark 12:30      | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Mark 12:33      | soul   | HEART   | HEART  | HEART

Mark 14:34      | soul   | I       | soul   | soul

Luke 1:46       | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Luke 2:35       | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Luke 6:9        | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 9:24       | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 9:24       | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 9:56       | LIVES  |         |        | LIFE

Luke 10:27      | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Luke 12:19      | soul   | soul    | soul   | MYSELF

Luke 12:19      | soul   | soul    | soul   | LIFE

Luke 12:20      | soul   | LIFE    | soul   | LIFE

Luke 12:22      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 12:23      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 14:26      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 17:33      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Luke 21:19      | soul   | souls   | souls  | YOURSELVES

John 10:11      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 10:15      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 10:17      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 10:24      | US     | US      | US     | US

John 12:25      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 12"25      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 12:27      | soul   | soul    | soul   | HEART

John 13:37      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 13:38      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

John 15:13      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Acts 2:27       | soul   | soul    | soul   | ME

Acts 2:31       | soul   | FLESH   | FLESH  | BODY

Acts 2:41       | souls  | PERSONS | souls  |      .       

Acts 2:43       | soul   | EVERYONE| soul   | EVERYONE

Acts 3:23       | soul   | EVERYONE| soul   | ANYONE

Acts 4:32       | soul   | soul    | soul   | MIND

Acts 7:14       | souls  | ALL     | souls  | ALL

Acts 14:2       | MINDS  | MINDS   | souls  | MINDS

Acts 14:22      | souls  | souls   | souls  | DISCIPLES

Acts 15:24      | souls  | MINDS   | souls  | MINDS

Acts 15:26      | LIVES  | LIVES   | LIVES  | LIVES

Acts 20:10      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | ALIVE

Acts 20:24      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Acts 27:10      | LIVES  | LIVES   | LIVES  | LIVES

Acts 27:22      | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | YOU

Acts 27:37      | souls  | PERSONS | souls  | US

Romans 2:9      | soul   | EVERYONE| soul   | BEING

Romans 11:3     | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | ME

Romans 13:1     | soul   | PERSON  | soul   | EVERYONE

Romans 16:4     | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIVES

1 Cor. 15:45    | soul   | BEING   | soul   | BEING

2 Cor. 1:23     | soul   | ME      | soul   |      .      

2 Cor. 12:15    | YOU    | YOU     | souls  | YOU

Ephesians 6:6   | HEART  | HEAT    | HEART  | HEART

Philippians 1:27| MIND   | MIND    | soul   | MEN

Philippians 2:30| LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Colossians 3:23 |HEARTILY|YOURSELVES|HEARTILY|HEART

1 Thess.  2:8   | souls  | SELVES  | souls  | LIVES

1 Thess.  5:23  | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Hebrews 4 12    | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Hebrews 6:19    | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Hebrews 10:38   | soul   | soul    | soul   | I

Hebrews 10:39   | soul   | SAVED   | soul   | SAVED

Hebrews 12:3    | MINDS  | HEART   | souls  | HEART

Hebrews 13:17   | souls  | souls   | souls  | YOU

James 1:21      | souls  | souls   | souls  | YOU

James 5:20      | soul   | soul    | soul   | HIM

1 Peter 1:9     | souls  | souls   | souls  | souls

1 Peter 1:22    | souls  | souls   | souls  | YOURSELVES

1 Peter 2:11    | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

1 Peter 2:25    | souls  | souls   | souls  | souls

1 Peter 3:20    | souls  | PERSONS | souls  | PEOPLE

1 Peter 4:19    | souls  |THEMSELVES |souls | THEMSELVES

2 Peter 2:8     | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

2 Peter 2:14    | souls  | souls   | souls  | UNSTABLE

1 John 3:16     | LIFE   | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

1 John 3:16     | LIVES  | LIVES   | LIVES  | LIVES

3 John 2        | soul   | soul    | soul   | soul

Revelation 6:9  | souls  | souls   | souls  | souls

Revelation 8:9  | LIFE   |CREATURES| LIFE   | CREATURES

Revelation 12:11| LIVES  | LIFE    | LIFE   | LIFE

Revelation 16:3 | soul   | THING   | soul   | THING

Revelation 18:13| souls  |HUMAN LIVES |souls| souls

Revelation 18:14| soul   | soul    | soul   | YOU

Revelation 20:4 | souls  | souls   | souls  | souls

     All the words used in the four translations (life, lives, yourself, yourselves, us, mind, minds, you, I, him, heart, heartily, everyone, persons, disciples, creatures, all, me, flesh, being, anyone, alive, and man), all have a reference to the human person, not to a no substance inter part of a person.

SOUL (PSUKEE) IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

     Psukee is used 106 times and is the only word translated soul in the New Testament (translated soul only 58 of the 106 times it is used in the King James Version) and psukee is the same word in Greek as nehphesh is in Hebrew. Both can and do die.

á          "Lose his life" Matthew 10:39

á          "Save a soul from death" James 5:20

á          ÒWill save him from deathÓ New International Version, salvation is from death, not from Hell

á          "To save life or to destroy it" James 4:12

     In Old English, soul, like ghost and charity, might have been a good translation then, but not today. Most of the times nehphesh and psukee are translated "soul," even those who believe a person is two beings in one have to admit it is referring only to the earthly person, earthly life, or earthly being; but today the English word "soul" has come to mean an inter unseen part of a person, which will live after the person is dead. Therefore, when those who do not know this read the Bible, they are misled when psukee is translated "soul." No word in the Bible means "an immortal inter part of a person that cannot die."

     Which one is it, a mortal being that can die, or an immortal being that cannot die? If there were a part of a person called "immortal soul" that could not die, it is strange that both the Old Testament and the New Testament repeatedly speak of the death of this soul that cannot die.

     Psukee is translated "soul" and "life" interchangeably, and sometimes in the same verse; Matthew 16:25-26 where the same word is inconsistently translated two times "soul," and two times "life" in the King James Version; but corrected in the American Standard Version and most other versions where all four times the same word is translated "life."

á          "In exchange for his life." The parallel passage in Luke 9:25 says, "and lose or forfeit his own self" American Standard Version. "Yet lose...his very self" New International Version. "Lose...themselves" New Revised Standard Version.

     Human language could not be any clearer that Christ is speaking of the whole of a person, and not just some internal unseen part of a person. If the immortal soul doctrine were true, a person could not lose his soul if his soul can never die.

     In the King James Version in the same sentence the same word (psukee) is translated two words that have completely different meaning (Matthew 16:25-26).

á          Life (psukee) the animal life that will die.

á          Soul (psukee) with the Platonic beliefs of the translators of an immortal soul that cannot die.

Also in Luke 12:19-23 the same word, psukee, is translated both (1) something that cannot die and (2) something that cannot keep form dying.

á          Three times something that cannot die.

á          Two times something that cannot keep from dying.

     How could the translators know the same word in the same sentence has two completely different and opposing meaning? It was nothing more than a determination to put their Platonic theology into the Bible where it was not at any cost. In Mark 3:4 Jesus asked the Pharisees, ÒIs it lawfulÉto save a psukee, or to kill?Ó The psukee is something that can be saved from death or killed, not an immortal something that is deathless; they did not dare translate it soul in this passage.

     The immortality doctrine make the Bible contradict itself, for the Bible says repeatedly that the nehphesh (Old Testament) psukee (New Testament) can die and never says a person has a part that is called "soul" that is immortal. Christ "laid down His LIFE (psukee-life or soul) for us, and we ought to lay down our LIVES (psukee-life or soul) for the brethren" 1 John 3:16. "To give His LIFE (psukee-life or soul) a ransom for many" Matthew 20:28.

  1. If the SOUL (psukee) cannot die, Christ could not have "laid down His LIFE" (psukee) or "give His LIFE" (psukee), and we could not "lay down our LIVES" (soul-psukee).
  2. If the psukee (LIFE or soul) could not die, Christ did not die. He could not have been raised from the dead for He was never dead.
  3. If the psukee (LIFE-soul) cannot die, God is telling us to do that which we cannot do "lay down our LIVES (soul-psukee) for the brethren." There would be no possible way to Òlay down our immortal soul for the brethren.Ó To put soul (an immaterial, immortal; therefore deathless, something in a person) in this passage makes it nonsense.

á          James 5:20 "Shall save a SOUL (psukee-life or soul) FROM DEATH" King James Version. If a person has a "SOUL" that cannot die, how can it be saved from death?

á          James 5:20 "Will save HIM (psukee-life or soul) FROM DEATH" New International Version.

     PSUKEE: A MORTAL BEING OR AN IMMORTAL BEING? Psukee is translated life, strength, us, he, heart, heartily, you, and mind. These all have a reference to this life and not to a soul that has no substance. How could the same word mean a mortal being some of the time and an immortal inter part of a mortal being some of the time? How would the translators know when it was one and when it was the other?

     Psukee (life) is the natural life from Adam. It is the physical life common to all living creatures and is never said to be eternal. All living creatures (animals, fish, man) by natural birth have psukee (life) from birth to death. It is never coupled with the adjective eternal or everlasting. The only word that is translated soul in the New Testament is translated soul only about one-half of the times it is used. Psukee is applied to the life of animals two times in the New Testament.

1.        ÒAnd there died the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, even they that had life (psukee)Ó (Revelation 8:9).

2.        ÒAnd the second poured out his bowl into the sea; and it became blood as of a dead man; and every living soul (psukee) died, even the things that were in the seaÓ (Revelation 16:3).

     Zoee (life) (Strong's word 2227, ÒZoopoico...make alive, give life, quickenÓ) is a gift of life from Christ to those that believe, the life He gives only to those who are His. No one is born with it and the lost never have it. It refers the life given by Christ only to believes in all but about ten of about one hundred thirty times it is used. "The first man Adam become a living soul (psukee-living being), the last Adam became a life-giving spirit" (1 Corinthians 15:45). All living being have psukee life, only those who are born again have zoee (life) in Christ. See Zoee life in chapter two, Life or Death.

PASSAGES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

THAT HAS "PSUKEE" IN THEN

     The many words the translators used to translate "psukee" are both nouns and pronouns, it refer to (1) God (2) to a person (3) or to an animal, not to an immortal no subject part of God, a person or an animal. The person or animal is sometimes dying and is sometimes dead. This one word, which is a common noun, but it is translated into many nouns, it is changed into a proper noun, and often is changed to a pronoun, then translated by many pronouns just as "nehphesh" is in the Old Testament. The different translations do not agree on when it should be changed from a common or proper noun or to a pronoun.

(1) IN FIFTY OF THE ONE-HUNDARD SIX TIMES

IN WHICH PSUKEE (soul) IS USED IT MEANS LIFE,

AND IT CAN DIE, BE KILLED, PERISH, OR BE DESTROYED.

(1) Matthew 2:20 "Arise and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel: for they are dead that sought the young child's LIFE (life-soul-psukee)." There is no doubt that they wanted to kill the child's body, not some inter part of him. No immortal "soul" in this passage.

(2-3) Matthew 6:25 "Therefore, I say unto you, be not anxious for your LIFE (life-soul-psukee), what you shall eat, or what you shall drink; nor yet for your body, what you shall put on. Is not the LIFE (life-soul-psukee) more than the food, and the body than the raiment?" It is the earthly person in the image of Adam that eats and drinks, not an immortal part of a person. A person's life is more than what he or she has to put on the body.

á          ÒBe not anxious for your LIFE (life-soul-psukee), what you shall eat.Ó It is the body that eats, not an immaterial soul.

á          ÒIs not the LIFE (life-soul-psukee) more than the food, and the body than the raiment?" It is the body that puts on clothing, not an immaterial soul.

o     It is our lives that need food, our bodies that need cloths to be worm, not an immortal soul.

(4-5) Matthew 10:28 "And be not afraid of them that kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul (life-soul-psukee): but rather fear him who is able to destroy both soul (life-soul-psukee) and body in hell (Gehenna)." See notes on this in chapter four. If psukee is an immortal soul, then God can destroy this immortal soul. There is no stronger way in which to say God can and will destroy it. He is to be feared by those of the world because He will. There would be no reason to fear Him if He could not, or if He will not destroy the Psukee-soul or life. I find it strange that one of the most used passages to prove the soul cannot be destroyed says God can destroy it. See "Matthew 10:28, Luke 12:5 God is able to destroy (Apollumi) both soul and body in Gehenna" in chapter four and "proves more than they want" also in chapter four. Not even God could destroy the soul if it is immortal and can never die for if He could, then it would not be immortal and it could die.

(6-7-8-9) Matthew 10:39 "For whosoever would save his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) shall lose it: and whosoever shall lose his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for my sake shall find it. 26 For what shall a man be profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and forfeit his LIFE (life-soul-psukee)? Or what shall a man give in exchange for his LIFE (life-soul-psukee)?" The King James Version has the same word (psukee) translated "life" two times and "soul" two times. What made them think Christ used the same word in the same passage with two different meaning? In today's English, the meaning of "soul" and "life" are not even close to being the same, yet they were translated from the same Hebrew word in the same sentence.

(10-11-12-13) Mark 8:35 "For whosoever would save his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) shall lose it; and whosoever shall lose his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for my sake and the gospel's shall save it. 36 For what does it profit a man, to gain the whole world, and forfeit his LIFE (life-soul-psukee)? 37 For what should a man give in exchange for his LIFE" (life-soul-psukee)? The life that is prolonged for a little while by denying Christ will be lost, but the life that is loss by being faithful to Christ will be saved at the judgment.

(14-15) Luke 9:24-25 "For whosoever would save his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) shall lose it; but whosoever shall lose his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for my sake, the same shall save it. For what is a man profited, if he gain the whole world, and lose or forfeit his own self?" Psukee is translated "soul" and "life" interchangeably in the Bible, and sometimes in the same verse. In the King James Version the same word is inconsistently translated two times "soul," and two times "life" but corrected in the American Standard Version and most others where all four times the same word is translated "life." "In exchange for his life."

á          "And lose or forfeit his own self" American Standard Version.

á          "Yet lose...his very self" New International Version.

á          "Lose...themselves?" New Revised Standard Version.

     Human language could not be any clearer that Christ is speaking of the whole person, and not just some internal unseen part of a person. Luke avoids using the word psukee (soul) in Luke 12:4-5. Why? His Gentile readers might have understood the word the way it was used by the Greeks of that time; therefore, he used a word that means the whole person, and not the Greek soul that the Greeks believe would be reincarnated.

(16) Matthew 20:28 "Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) a ransom for many."

Mark 10:45 "For the Son of man also came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life (life-soul-psukee) a ransom for many."

(17) Mark 3:4 "And he said unto them, is it lawful on the Sabbath day to do good, or to do harm? To save a LIFE (life-soul-psukee), or to kill? But they held their peace."

(18) Luke 6:9 "And Jesus said unto them, I ask you, Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good, or to do harm? To save a LIFE (life-soul-psukee), or to destroy it?" "Kill" and "destroy" are used interchangeably. The translators would not translate psukee into "soul" in this passage for it would then say the soul could be killed or destroyed.

(19) Luke 9:56 "For the Son of man is not come to destroy men's LIVES (life-soul-psukee), but to save them. And they went to another village" King James Version. This is not in the American Standard Version, and others for it is not in many Greek Manuscripts, but there is nothing about an immortal part of a person in it.

(20-21-22-23) Luke 12:19-23 "And I will say to my soul (life-soul-psukee), Soul (life-soul-psukee), you have much goods laid up for many years; take your ease, eat, drink, be merry. 20 But God said unto him, You foolish one, this night is your soul (life-soul-psukee) required of you; and the things which you have prepared, whose shall they be? 21 So is he that lays up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God. 22 And he said unto his disciples, therefore, I say unto you, be not anxious for your LIFE (life-soul-psukee), what you shall eat; nor yet for your body, what you shall put on. 23 For the LIFE (life-soul-psukee) is more than the food, and the body than the raiment." In this passage they found it necessary to translate psukee into both soul and life, for the soul cannot eat or use a raiment. "You fool! This very night your LIFE (life-soul-psukee) is being demanded of you" New Revised Standard Version. His life (psukee) was demanded. "So it is with those who store up treasures for themselves but are not rich toward God." It will be their life (psukee) that will be demanded of them. Nothing is said about an immortal part of a person that will be forever tormented. In this passage psukee does the things that only this earthly body can do, things that an immortal no substance soul could not do. "And I will say to my soul (psukee), Soul (psukee), you have much goods laid up for many years; take your ease, eat, drink" (Luke 12:19). An immortal no substance soul could not use the much earthly goods laid up for many years. Can anyone not see how foolish this passage would be if it were speaking of an immortal soul that has no body and no substance but was using the earthly goods it has lain up? Can a soul that has no earthly body eat, drink, or use any earthly goods?

á          "And I'll say to myself (psukee), 'You (psukee) have plenty of good things laid up for many years'" New International Version.

á          "I will say to myself (psukee), 'You (psukee) have plenty of good things laid by'" The Revised English Bible.

á          Then I can say to myself (psukee), 'I (psukee) have enough good things stored'" New Century Version.

(24) Luke 14:26 "If any man comes unto me, and hate not his own father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own LIFE (life-soul-psukee) also, he cannot be my disciple."

(25-26) Luke 17:33 "Whosoever shall seek to gain his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) shall lose it: but whosoever shall lose his LIFE (soul-psukee) shall preserve it."

(27-28-29) John 10:11 "I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd lays down his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for the sheep. 12 He that is a hireling, and not a shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, beholds the wolf coming, and leaves the sheep, and flees, and the wolf snatches them, and scatters (them): 13 (he flees) because he is a hireling, and cares not for the sheep. 14 I am the good shepherd; and I know mine own, and mine own know me, 15 even as the Father knows me, and I know the Father; and I lay down my LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for the sheep. 16 And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice: and they shall become one flock, one shepherd. 17 Therefore, the Father loves me, because I lay down my LIFE (life-soul-psukee), that I may take it again." An immortal soul, as taught today cannot die; therefore, the translators could not say Christ gave up His immortal soul; He gives His life, not an immortal soul.

(30-31) John 12:25 "He that loves his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) shall lose it; and he that hates his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) in this world shall keep it unto life eternal." Who ever puts this life first shall lose his life, but who ever put God first shall live after the judgment. Those who do not put God first will lose their psukee (life). If psukee is an immortal soul that can never die, it could not be lost.

(32) John 15:13 "Greater love has no man than this, that a man lay down his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for his friends." Not even those who believe a person has an immortal soul believe Christ lay down his immoral soul, they do not believe an immoral soul can be dead. He did lay down His life for us.

(33-34) John 13:37 "Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow you even now? I will lay down my LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for you. 38 Jesus answered, will you lay down your LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for me? Verily, verily, I say unto you, the cock shall not crow, till you have denied me thrice." "Lay down" means "to give up," "to die." It was Peter that was to give up his life (psukee) for Christ. If psukee is an immortal soul that can never die, Peter could not have given it up.

(35) Acts 3:23 "And it shall be, that every soul (life-soul-psukee) that shall not hearken to that prophet, shall be utterly destroyed from among the people." An immortal soul utterly destroyed! How could God say any stronger that whatever the psukee is (life-soul-person) can and will be Òutterly destroyedÓ?

á          "And it will be that everyone (life-soul-psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "Anyone (life-soul-psukee) who does not listen to him" New International Version.

á          "For anyone (psukee) who refuses to listen to that prophet" The Revised English Bible.

(36) Acts 15:24 "Forasmuch as we have heard that certain who went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "Your minds" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "Troubling your minds" New International Version.

á          "Unsettled your minds" The Revised English Bible.

(37) Acts 15:26 "Men that have hazarded their LIVES (life-soul-psukee) for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ." An immortal part of a person that could not die could not be hazarded.

(38) Acts 20:9-10 "And there sat in the window a certain young man named Eutychus, borne down with deep sleep; and as Paul discoursed yet longer, being borne down by his sleep he fell down from the third story, and was taken up DEAD. And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Make you no ado; for his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) is in him." He was dead, but Paul restored his earthly life that was dead from the fall, not an immortal soul that the fall could not have killed.

(39) Acts 20:24 "But I hold not my LIFE (life-soul-psukee) of any account as dear unto myself." The translators would not say he held his immortal soul to be of no account. To use soul in this passage would not teach what they believed; therefore, they did not use it.

(40) Acts 27:10 "And said unto them, Sirs, I perceive that the voyage will be with injury and much loss, not only of the lading and the ship, but also of our LIVES (life-soul-psukee)." No one will lose an immortal soul in a shipwreck. It can be seen how the translators picked when they wanted psukee to be a soul and when they wanted it to be life.

(41) Acts 27:22 "And now I exhort you to be of good cheer; for there shall be no loss of LIFE (life-soul-psukee) among you, but (only of the ship)." This could not be translated souls for then souls would have been lost just as the ship was lost by a storm, and we are told by those who believe we have an immortal soul that souls are lost by sin and they cannot be lost by a storm. Both their life and the ship could have been lost in this storm but not an immortal soul.

á          ÒBut also of our livesÓ (Greek—psukee) Acts 27:10).

á          ÒThere shall be no lost of lifeÓ (Greek—psukee) Acts 27:22).

á          ÒAnd we were in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen soulsÓ (Greek—psukee) Acts 27:37). ÒPersonsÓ New American Standard Bible and most others.

o     Why was the same word translated ÒlifeÓ and ÒsoulÓ when the translators or those that believe we now have and immoral soul do not believe them to be the same?

(42) Romans 16:4 "Who for my LIFE (life-soul-psukee) laid down their own necks."

(43) Romans 11:3 "Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have dug down your altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my LIFE (life-soul-psukee)." They were seeking his earthly life to kill, just as they had the prophets, not something that did not have any substance, not something that they could not see or kill.

(44) Philippians 1:27 "With one mind (life-soul-psukee) striving together for the faith."

Philippians 2:30 "Because for the work of Christ he came nigh unto death, hazarding his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) to supply that which was lacking in your service toward me." Did he hazard his immortal soul; and his soul, which cannot die came nigh unto death even if it could not die?

1 Thessalonians 2:8 "We were well pleased to impart unto you, not the gospel of God only, but also our own souls (life-soul-psukee)." They were pleased to impart the gospel to them even at the cost of their own lives, not impart the gospel to them even at the cost of their immortal souls.

á          "But also our own selves (psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "But our lives (psukee) as well" New International Version.

á          "Our very lives (psukee)" The New American Bible.

á          "Our very selves (psukee)" The Revised English Bible.

á          "Our own lives (psukee)" New Century Version.

1 Peter 2:11 "Beloved, I beseech you as sojourners and pilgrims, to abstain from fleshly lust, which war against the soul (life-soul-psukee)."

Hebrews 10:39 "But we are not of them that shrink back unto perdition; but of them that have faith unto the saving of the soul (life-soul-psukee)."

á          ÒWe have the faith to preserve our life (psukee)" The Revised English Bible.

á          "But among those who have faith and so are saved" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "But of those who believe and are saved" New International Version.

James 5:19-20 "My brethren, if any among you err from the truth, and one converts him; 20 let him know, that he who converts a sinner from the error of his way shall save a soul (life-soul-psukee) from death, and shall cover a multitude of sins." If the sinner is not converted, his soul (psukee) will not be saved from death. Many read "Hell" ("shall save a soul from Hell") into this in the place of "death." The only way to get "save a soul from Hell" into the Bible is by reading Hell in where it is not is.

á          "Will save him (psukee) from death" New International Version. The whole person will be saved from death, not an immortal part of the person that could not be dead to be saved from death.

(45-46) 1 John 3:16 "Hereby know we love, because he laid down his LIFE (life-soul-psukee) for us: and we should lay down our LIVES (life-souls-psukee) for the brethren." Can we lay down our immortal souls for the brethren? Christ lay down His life for us, and we should be willing to lay down our life for our brethren. If this were an immortal part of a person, we would be told to do something that it would not be possible for us to do.

(47) Revelation 6:9 "Souls (life-soul-psukee)...slain."

(48) Revelation 8:9 "And there died the third part...that had LIFE" (life-soul-psukee).

(49) Revelation 12:11 "Loved not their LIFE (life-soul-psukee) even unto death."

(50) Revelation 16:3 "Every living soul (life-soul-psukee) died" (In the sea, all fish died). Can anyone tell me why the translators, who believed the soul could not die and do not believe fish have a soul, put "ever living soul died" in this passage? "And every living thing (life-soul-psukee) in the sea died" New American Standard Bible.

(51) Revelation 20:4 "The souls (life-soul-psukee) of them that had been beheaded"

(2) PASSAGES WITH PSUKEE USED

REFERRING TO PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY,

THAT IN SOME WAY CONNECT

THE SPIRIT (pneuma) TO THE HUMAN MIND

1.       Acts 14:2 "And made their minds (life-soul-psukee) evil affected" King James Version. The Gentiles were turned against the brothers in this life, not against immortal inter parts of the brothers.

o     "And poisoned their minds (psukee) against the brothers" New International Version.

2.       "But my mind (pneuma) could not rest because I did not find my brother Titus there" (2 Corinthians 2:13) New Revised Standard Version.

3.       Hebrews 12:3 "Lest ye be wearied and faint in your minds (life-soul-psukee)" King James Version.

4.       "Because his spirit (pneuma) has been refreshed by you all" (2 Corinthians 7:13).

o     "Because his mind (pneuma) has been set at rest by all of you" New Revised Standard Version.

o     "You have all helped to set his mind (pneuma) completely at rest" Revised English Bible.

5.       "And that you be renewed in the spirit (pneuma) of your mind" (Ephesians 4:23). Even in the theology of today, if the spirit is an immortal something, what is Òthe spirit of you mindÓ in which they were to be renewed?

o     "To be made new in the attitude (pneuma) of your mind" New International Version.

6.       "And that you be renewed in the spirit (pneuma) of your mind" (Ephesians 4:23).

o     "To be made new in the attitude (pneuma) of your mind" New International Version

7.       Matthew 22:37 "And he said unto him, you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul (life-soul-psukee), and with all your mind." Mark 12:30 "And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul (life-soul-psukee), and with all your mind, and with all your strength."

8.       "Blessed are the poor in spirit (pneuma)" (Matthew 5:3). Poor in a no substance immortal spirit?

9.       Mark 12:33 "And to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength (life-soul-psukee) (soul in King James Version), and to love his neighbor as himself, is more than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices." Luke 10:27 "And he answering said, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul (life-soul-psukee), and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as thyself."

o     In the parallel passages in Mark and Luke, the same word (psukee) is translated "strength" in one and "soul" in the other.

10.   2 Corinthians 12:15 "Will most gladly spend and be spent for you (life-soul-psukee)" King James Version.

"For though absent in body, I am present in spirit (pneuma)" (Colossians 2:5). Was his immortal spirit in one place and his body was in another while he was alive? If so, then the immortal spirit can leave the body when it wants to and the body can live without it, but James tells us that the body without the spirit is dead (James 2:26). Was PaulÕs body dead for a time while his spirit was gone to be at Colossae? No, he was saying he was with them in his thoughts and heart, not that an immortal spirit had left his body, went to Colossae, and returned.

11.   Colossians 3: 23 "Whatsoever you do, work heartily (life-soul-psukee), as unto the Lord." Whatsoever you do, work soul (pneuma), as unto the Lord?

12.   "Walked we not in the same spirit (pneuma)? Walked we not in the same steps?" (2 Corinthians 12:18). Did they all have only one immortal soul or spirit?

13.   "Restore such a one in a spirit (pneuma) of gentleness" (Galatians 6:1).

14.   "May give unto you a spirit (pneuma) of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him" (Ephesians 1:17). Would they not have already had an immortal soul; if another one were given to them would they have two?

15.   Ephesians 6:6 "Not in the way of eye service, as men pleasers; but as servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart (life-soul-psukee)." "Doing the will of God from an immortal soul"?

16.   "That you stand fast in one spirit (pneuma)" (Philippians 1:27).

17.   "A meek and quiet spirit (pneuma)" (1 Peter 3:4).

(3) PASSAGES WITH PSUKEE

USED REFERRING A NUMBER OF PEOPLE

     In Old English, and even today souls is used to mean persons or life. A newspaper reporting a shipwreck in which fifty people drown would say, "Fifty souls were lost." People were called ÒsoulsÓ about twenty-five times in the King James.

1.       Acts 2:41-43 "They then that received his word were baptized: and there were added (unto them) in that day about three thousand souls (psukee-person). And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' teaching and fellowship, in the breaking of bread and the prayers. And fear came upon every soul (psukee-every person): and many wonders and signs were done through the apostles."

á          "About three thousand persons (psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "About three thousand people (psukee)" Today's English Version.

á          "About three thousand were added to their number" New International Version.

á          "Three thousand were added to the number of believers" Revised English Bible.

á          "About three thousand people (psukee) were added to the number of believers" New Century Version.

á          "Three thousand were added that day" New American Bible.

á          "About 3,000 in all" The Living Bible.

á          "About 3,000 people (psukee) were added" Simple English Bible.

á          "About three thousand people (psukee) were added" Good News For Modern Man.

o     Some translations leave psukee out, just as we would say, "Three thousand persons were saved," or "Three thousand were saved."

á          "And fear came upon every soul (life-soul-psukee)." (Acts 2:43 King James Version). "Everyone" New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, New International Version.

2.       Acts 7:14 "And Joseph sent, and called to him Jacob his father, and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "And all his relatives to come to him, seventy-five in all" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "And his whole family, seventy-five in all" New International Version.

á          "Seventy-five person in all (psukee)" New American Bible.

á          "Seventy-five person in all (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

3.       Acts 27:37 "And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls (life-soul-psukee)." Also Acts 27:10; 27:22.

á          "Two hundred seventy-six persons (psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "Two hundred and seventy-six of us (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

4.       1 Peter 3:19-20 "In which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison, that aforetime were disobedient, when the long suffering of God waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls (life-soul-psukee), were saved through water."

á          "Eight persons (psukee) were brought safely through the water" New American Standard Bible.

á          "Eight persons (psukee) were saved through water" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "In it only a few people (psukee), eight in all" New International Version.

á          "A few persons (psukee), eight in all" New American Bible.

5.       Matthew 11:29 "You shall find rest unto your souls (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "You will find rest for your lives (psukee)." New Century Version.

6.       Luke 1:46 "And Mary said, my soul (life-soul-psukee) does magnify the Lord."

7.       Luke 2:35 "Yea and a sword shall pierce through your own soul (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "And you (psukee) too will be pierced to the heart" Revised English Bible.

8.       Luke 21:19 "In your patience you shall win your souls (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "By standing firm you will save yourselves (psukee)" New International Version.

á          "By patient endurance you will save your lives (psukee)" New American Bible.

á          "By standing firm you will win yourselves life (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

9.       John 10:24 "The Jews therefore came round about him, and said unto him, how long do you hold us (life-soul-psukee) in suspense?" This has a reference to suspense in this life, not to suspense in life after death; they were being held in suspense then, not after death.

10.   Acts 4:32 "And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and soul (life-soul-psukee)...they had all things common." They were all united, but were not all one immortal being, not one immortal soul with many bodies.

11.   Acts 14:22 "Confirming the souls (life-soul-psukee) of the disciples, exhorting them to continue in the faith, and that through many tribulations we must enter into the kingdom of God."

12.   Romans 2:9 "Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul (life-soul-psukee) of man that works evil."

á          "There will be anguish and distress for everyone" (psukee) New Revised Standard Version.

á          "There will be trouble and distress for every human being (psukee)" New International Version.

á          "Anguish will come upon every man (psukee)" New American Bible.

á          "For every human being (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

13.   Romans 13:1 "Let every soul (life-soul-psukee) be in subjection to the higher powers." Every immortal soul subject to world governments?

á          "Let every person (psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "Let everyone (psukee)" New American Bible.

á          "Every person (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

14.  1 Corinthians 15:45 "So also it is written, the first man Adam became a living soul (life-soul-psukee). The last Adam (became) a life-giving spirit.

á          "The first man, Adam, became a living being (psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "The first man Adam became a living being (psukee)" New International Version.

á          "Adam, became a living creature (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

15.   2 Corinthians 1:23 "But I call God for a witness upon my soul (life-soul-psukee), that to spare you I come no more unto Corinth."

á          "But I call on God as witness against me (psukee)" New Revised Standard Version.

16.   1 Thessalonians 5:23 "And the God of peace himself sanctify you wholly; and may your spirit and soul (life-soul-psukee) and body be preserved entire, without blame at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ."

17.   Hebrews 4:12 "For the word of God is living, and active, and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing even to the dividing of soul (life-soul-psukee) and spirit."

18.   Hebrews 6:19 "Which we have as an anchor of the soul (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "We have that hope as an anchor for our lives" (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

19.   Hebrews 13:17 "For they watch in behalf of your souls (life-soul-psukee)

á          "They keep watch over you (psukee)" New International Version.

20.   James 1:21 "Receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "Which can save you (psukee)" New International Version.

á          "With its power to save you (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

21.   1 Peter 1:9 "Receiving the end of your faith, (even) the salvation of (your) souls (life-soul-psukee)."

á          "Your (psukee) salvation" New American Bible.

22.   1 Peter 1:22 "Seeing you have purified your souls (life-soul-psukee) in your obedience to the truth."

á          "Now that you have purified yourselves (psukee)" New International Version.

á          "You have purified yourselves (psukee)" New American Bible.

23.   1 Peter 2:25 "For you were going astray like sheep; but are now returned unto the Shepherd and Bishop of your souls (life-soul-psukee)."

24.   1 Peter 4:19 "Wherefore let them also that suffer according to the will of God commit their souls (life-soul-psukee) in well-doing unto a faithful Creator."

á          "Trust themselves (psukee) to a faithful Creator" New Revised Standard Version.

á          "Entrust their lives (psukee) to a faithful Creator" New American Bible.

25.   2 Peter 2:8 "For that righteous man dwelling among them, in seeing and hearing, vexed (his) righteous soul (life-soul-psukee) from day to day with (their) lawless deeds."

á          "Felt himself (psukee) tormented by seeing and hearing about the lawless deeds." New American Bible.

26.   2 Peter 2:14 "Enticing un-steadfast souls (life-soul-psukee) having a heart exercised in covetousness; children of cursing."

á          "They seduce the unstable" New International Version.

27.   26. 3 John 2 "Beloved, I pray that in all things you may prosper and be in health, even as your soul (life-soul-psukee) prospers."

(4) PASSAGES WITH PSUKEE

APPLIED TO GOD OR CHRIST

1.       Matthew 12:18 "Behold, my servant whom I have chosen; my beloved in whom my soul (life-soul-psukee) is well pleased."

á          "My loved one in whom I (psukee) delight" New American Bible.

á          "My beloved, in whom I (psukee) take delight" Revised English Bible.

2.       Matthew 26:38 "Then said he unto them, My soul (life-soul-psukee) is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: abide you here, and watch with me." Mark 14:34 "And he said unto them, My soul (life-soul-psukee) is exceeding sorrowful even unto death: abide you here, and watch."

á          "Then he said to them, 'I (psukee) am deeply grieved, even to death'" Matthew 26:38 New Revised Standard Version.

á          "My heart (psukee) is nearly broken with sorrow" New American Bible.

á          "My heart (psukee) is ready to break with grief" Revised English Bible.

3.       Matthew 20:28 "Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life (life-soul-psukee) a ransom for many." Mark 10:45 "For the Son of man also came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life (life-soul-psukee) a ransom for many."

4.       John 10:11-17 "I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd lays down his life (life-soul-psukee) for the sheep. He that is a hireling, and not a shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, beholds the wolf coming, and leaves the sheep, and flees, and the wolf snatches them, and scatters (them): (he flees) because he is a hireling, and cares not for the sheep. I am the good shepherd; and I know mine own, and mine own know me, even as the Father knows me, and I know the Father; and I lay down my life (life-soul-psukee) for the sheep. And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice: and they shall become one flock, one shepherd. Therefore, the Father loves me, because I lay down my life (life-soul-psukee), that I may take it again." An immortal soul, as taught today, cannot die; therefore, the translators could not say Christ gave up His immortal soul. He gives His life, not an immortal soul.

5.       John 12:27 "Now is my soul (life-soul-psukee) troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour."

á          "Now my heart is troubled" New International Version.

6.       Acts 2:27 "Because you will not leave my soul (life-soul-psukee) unto Hades, neither will you give your Holy One to see corruption."

á          "You will not abandon me (psukee) to the grave" New International Version.

á          "You will not abandon me (psukee) to death" Revised English Bible.

o     Both replaced Òmy soulÓ with ÒmeÓ as a translation of psukee. It was Christ that was in the grave, not just a part of Him.

7.       Acts 2:31 "He foreseeing (this) spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that neither was he (life-soul-psukee) left unto Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption."

á          The same word is translated "soul" in Acts 2:27 and "he" in Acts 2:31 in the King James Version.

8.       Hebrews 10:38 "But my righteous one shall live by faith: And if he shrink back, my soul (life-soul-psukee) has no pleasure in him." In these passages psukee, which is translate soul or life, refers to God or Christ.

á          "And if he shrinks back, I (psukee) will not be pleased with him" New International Version.

á          "And if he draws back I (psukee) take no pleasure in him" New American Bible.

á          "But if anyone shrinks back, I (psukee) take no pleasure in him" Revised English Bible.

(5) PASSAGES WITH PSUKEE (soul)

USED IN SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE

     For notes on these see chapter eight. Those who believe in the Pagan doctrine of an immortal soul from birth and Hell have no plain easily understood non-figurative statement. That figurative language, metaphors and symbolic passages must be made into literal statements SHOWS THE WEAKNESS OF THEIR BELIEF, that it is from man and not from God. Figurative language and parables are made to be superior over plain statements, and clear language must be made to agree with what is thought to be said in the symbolic language.

1.       Revelation 6:9 "And when he opened the fifth seal, I saw underneath the altar the souls (life-soul-psukee) of them that had been slain for the word of God." See chapter eight - the fifth seal - souls under the altar in heaven - a symbolic picture. If this were literally souls, as the word soul is used today, then immortal souls would have been slain – put to death.

2.       Revelation 8:9 "And there died the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, (even) they that had life (life-soul-psukee); and the third part of the ships were destroyed." A third of the immortal undying souls died? Are immortal souls, as the word is used today, in the sea? Do fish have an immortal soul?

3.       Revelation 12:11 "And they overcame him because of the blood of the Lamb, and because of the word of their testimony; and they loved not their life (life-soul-psukee) even unto death." If this symbolic passage were made literal, it would say the soul (psukee) does die.

4.       Revelation 16:3 "And the second poured out his bowl into the sea; and it became blood as of a dead man; and every living soul (life-soul-psukee) died, (even) the things that were in the sea." If made literal, this symbolic passage says living souls are the things that are in the sea. Every "living creature" fish in the sea are "souls (psukee)" that died. When will all the fish in the sea literally die?

á          "And every living thing (psukee) in the sea died" New International Version.

á          "And every creature (psukee) living in the sea died" New American Bible.

á          "And every living thing (psukee) in it died" Revised English Bible.

5.       Revelation 18:13-14 "And cinnamon, and spice, and incense, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep; and (merchandise) of horses and chariots and slaves; and souls (life-soul-psukee) of men. And the fruits which your soul (life-soul-psukee) lusted after are gone from thee." If there were an immaterial part of a person, could it lust after material things? Will immortals soul be slaves in Heaven or any other place?

á          "Slaves, and human lives (psukee)" Revised English Bible.

6.       Revelation 20:4 "And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and (I saw) the souls (life-soul-psukee) of them that had been beheaded for the testimony of Jesus, and for the word of God, and such as worshiped not the beast, neither his image, and received not the mark upon their forehead and upon their hand; and they lived ("came to life" New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version), and reigned with Christ a thousand years." "The rest of the dead lived not until" ("The rest of the dead did not come to life until" New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version) Revelation 20:5. Some immortal souls "came to life" and some "lived not." If the soul cannot die, it cannot come to life and if it cannot die, then all souls live and none can "lived not." This passage is a real problem when taken literal.

á          Five of the six times psukee is used in Revelation, is something that can and does die.

1.        Revelation 6:9 "Souls (life-soul-psukee)...slain."

2.        Revelation 8:9 "And there died the third part...that had life" (life-soul-psukee).

3.        Revelation 12:11 "Loved not their life (life-soul-psukee) even unto death."

4.        Revelation 16:3 "Every living soul (life-soul-psukee) died" (In the sea, all fish died). Can anyone tell me why the translators, who believed the soul could not die and do not believe fish have a soul, put "ever living soul died" in this passage? "And every living thing (life-soul-psukee) in the sea died" New American Standard Bible.

5.        Revelation 20:4 "The souls (life-soul-psukee) of them that had been beheaded"

THE SOUL IS THE EARTHLY IMAGE OF ADAM

A "LIVING SOUL" IS THE "NATURAL BODY"

Psukikos: natural (earthly).

The soul or the spirit is not the spiritual body that we will have after the resurrection.

WE ARE NOW A LIVING SOUL WHICH IS IN THE IMAGE OF ADAM

1 Corinthians 15 (1) NATURAL BODY    verse 44,46 | WE NOW HAVE

ADAM             (2) A LIVING SOUL      verse 45 | ADAM'S

                 (3) EARTHLY            verse 47 | IMAGE verse 49

WE WILL BE A SPIRITUAL BODY WHICH WILL BE IN THE IMAGE OF CHRIST

                 (1) SPIRITUAL BODY     verse 45 | WE WILL HAVE

CHRIST           (2) LIFE GIVING SPIRIT verse 46 | CHRIST'S IMAGE

                 (3) HEAVENLY           verse 48 | verse 49

     "NATURAL" in verse 46 is used in place of "A LIVING SOUL" in verse 45, and ARE THE SAME THING. We now have Adam's image (a living soula living being, a natural being of this earth), but we will have the image of Christ (a spiritual body).

     "For our citizenship is in heaven; whence also we wait for a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ: who shall fashion anew the body of our humiliation, that it may be conformed to the body of His glory" (Philippians 2:20-21 American Standard Version) "change" King James Version "transform" New American Standard Version.

     "Beloved, now are we children of God, and it is not yet made manifest what we shall be (what a spiritual body is composed of). We know that, if he shall be manifested, we shall be like him; (have a spiritual body, be of the same substance) for we shall see him even as he is" (1 John 3:2).

     "For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as angels in Heaven" (Matthew 22:30). "For when they shall rise from the dead, they neither marry, nor are given in marriage; but are as angels in heaven" (Mark 12:26).

     The image of Christ, the spiritual bodies we will have after the resurrection is not an earthly body in the image of Adam. We are now a soul (living being) in the image of Adam, but we will not be a soul (living being) in the image of Adam after the resurrection. All animals are souls (living beings-Hebrew nehphesh-Greek psukee) but they will never have a spiritual body.

     In commenting on "the natural man" in 1 Corinthians 2:14, Guy N. Woods said, "...the soulish man, since the adjective 'natural' translates a form of the Greek word for soul, which may be expressed in English as psychical. Thus, this usage is supported by etymology and required by the context. See, especially, Paul's teaching in 1 Corinthians 1:18-28 and 2:6-16." Gospel Advocate, 1985, November 21.

     "Natural" is translated from "psuchikos." Psuchikos is the adjective form of psukee and is used six times in the New Testament.

  1. "But the natural (psuchikos-soulish) man received not" (1 Corinthians 2:14).
  2. "It is sown a natural (psuchikos-soulish) body, it is raised a spiritual body" (1 Corinthians 15:44).
  3. "There is a natural (psuchikos-soulish) body, there is also a spiritual body" (1 Corinthians 15:44).
  4. "Howbeit that is not first which is spiritual, but that which is natural (psuchikos-soulish); than that which is spiritual" (1 Corinthians 15:46).
  5. "These are they who made separations, sensual (psuchikos-soulish), having not the Spirit" (Jude 19). "These are the men who divide you, who follow mere natural (psuchikos-soulish) instincts and do not have the Spirit" New International Version.

6.        James 3:15

á          "But it is earthly, sensual (psuchikos-soulish), devilish" (James 3:15). "Natural" in the New American Standard Bible, ÒearthlyÓ in the Living Bible.

á          Amplified Bible ÔÕThis (superficial) wisdom is not such as comes down from above, but is earthly, unspiritual (animal) (psuchikos-soulish), even devilish (demoniacal).Ó

á          Contemporary English Version ÒThat kind of wisdom doesn't come from above. It is earthly and selfish (psuchikos-soulish), and comes from the devil himself.Ó

á          GODÕS WORD Translation ÒThat kind of wisdom doesnÕt come from above. It belongs to this world. It is self-centered (psuchikos-soulish), and demonic.Ó

á          Good News Translation ÒSuch wisdom does not come down from heaven; it belongs to the world, it is unspiritual (psuchikos-soulish), and demonic.Ó

á          Holman Christian Standard Bible ÒSuch wisdom does not come down from above, but is earthly, sensual (psuchikos-soulish), demonic.Ó

á          New Century Version ÒThat kind of ÔwisdomÕ does not come from God but from the world. It is not spiritual (psuchikos-soulish): it is from the devil.Ó

á          New International Version Such ÒWisdom does not come down from heaven but is earthly, unspiritual (psuchikos-soulish), l, demonic.Ó

á          New Living Translation ÒFor jealousy and selfishness are not GodÕs kind of wisdom. Such things are earthly, unspiritual (psuchikos-soulish), l, and demonic.Ó

á          Worldwide English (New Testament) ÒGod did not give you wisdom like that. But it comes from this world. It comes from people (psuchikos-soulish. It comes from bad spirits.Ó

á          Young's Literal Translation ÒThis wisdom is not descending from above, but earthly, physical (psuchikos-soulish), demon-like.Ó

á          Wycliffe Bible ÒFor this wisdom is not from above coming down, but earthly, and beastly (psuchikos-soulish), and fiendly.Ó

     From the above it is clear that psuchikos means something of this earth and not something immaterial and immortal. The adjective form of a noun never has a meaning that is totally different from the meaning of the noun. Both the noun (psukee) and the adjective (psuchikos) are the earthly, natural (soulish) person, the image of Adam. If I believed the psukee (soul) was an immaterial invisible part of a person, then I would hope no one would ever see its adjective form in the above six passages.

     A living soul, the earthly being in the image of Adam will be changed to a spiritual body in the image of Christ at the resurrection.

     This change from the image of Adam's natural soul body to the spiritual body in the image of Christ, from mortal to immortal, will occur at the Resurrection, not at death. No one now has the spiritual body, not anyone that is now alive or anyone that is now asleep in Christ.

     If a person has a soul that is now immortal, it cannot be mortal; therefore, it cannot put on immortality. What do some think is now mortal and will put on immortality? If a person has a soul that is now immortal, it could only be the body that will put on immortality. It is the person that will put on immortality at the resurrection, not a part of a person that was immortal from birth that could never be mortal. "And just as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly" (1 Corinthians 15:49). ÒThere shall be a resurrection both of the just and unjustÓ (Acts 24:14). When Paul said this many believers had died but their resurrection was still a thing to come, not something that had already came at their death.

     Summary: a "living soul" is the earthly body of flesh and blood in the image of Adam, not the "spiritual body" which will be in the image of Christ. There is a difference in "a living soul" that we now are; and a "spiritual body" that we will be after the resurrection but are not at this time. The "living soul," being, life, or creature that is in the "image of Adam" is not the "spiritual body" ("image of Christ") that we will have. This clearly says after the resurrection, we will not be a "living soul," but changed to a "spiritual body"; therefore, a "living soul" and the "spiritual body" are different things. One ("the living soulÓ) belongs to this life; the other (a "spiritual body") will belong to life after the resurrection. They are opposite to each other; a person cannot be both simultaneously. Many preachers today say, "Save you soul" which is saying, "Save your 'image of Adam,'" or, "Save your earthly flesh and blood body." While we are a "living soul," we cannot be a "spiritual body." After the resurrection, when we shall have been changed to a "spiritual body," we will no longer be a "living soul," no longer be an earthly creature in the image of Adam. If the "living soul" were an immortal part of a person that would live forever, that person would always have the image of Adam, not the image of Christ. Can anyone have the image of Adam in Heaven? No. We are now a "living soul" only while we are alive in this world, but in Heaven we will have a "spiritual body" and will not be a soul. Adam was, and we now are "a living soul-being"; but Adam did not, and we do not now have an immortal "spiritual body" (not unto the resurrection 1 Corinthians 15:53).

á          "It is sown a natural body: it is raised a spiritual body" ("Greek physical" body: Footnote in American Standard Version).

á          "It is sown a physical body" (1 Corinthians 15:44). "The dead shall be raised incorruptible" (1 Corinthians 15:52).

     Paul could not have said any stronger that we will be raised "a spiritual body" (1 Corinthians 15:44) "incorruptible" (1 Corinthians 15:52), not with the physical body we now have. The physical body is the "living soul" body we now have and it is not the body that will be raised. If we are raised with a body that is a spiritual body and is incorruptible, we could not at the same time be raised with an earthly body that is a corruptible body. McCord's translation, printed by Freed-Hardeman College says, "And the dead shall be raised immortal" (1 Corinthians 15:53). Paul said that at the time those who are asleep in Christ will be raised incorruptible, that we who are not asleep shall "be changed" (1 Corinthians 15:51). All will be raised from the dead at the resurrection, and those in Christ will have a new body not of flesh. We will not be a "living soul" after the resurrection. The "soul" (the image of Adam), which many say we must save for they think it is the only part of us that will be in Heaven, will not exist then; therefore, it is not a part of us that will be in Heaven. It is our whole self that we must save, not just an "immaterial invisible" inter part of our self. We will not have the image of Adam, the earthly "living soul," in heaven. We will not be a soul in the image of Adam as we are now, but we, will be the same person we now are. How is it that many cannot see that when they say, "save your soul" they are saying, "keep the image of Adam" (the earthly body)? Do they want to be raised with an earthy body in the image of Adam or the spiritual body in the image of Christ? ÒAnd as we have borne the image of the earthy (now in this life time we are a psukikos–a living being in the image of the earthy Adam) we SHALL also bear the image of the heavenlyÓ (1 Corinthians 15:49). We are born a soul–a living being, but the saved will be resurrected a spiritual being in the image of Christ and will not have the earthly image of Adam after the resurrection.

     There are many, the Church of God, many Premillennialists and others that believe the earthly body, the image of Adam, will be raised and we will live on this earth forever, not in Heaven, that the earthly body will restored to be like Adam before he sinned. I know of no passage that says Adam's body was different before and after he sinned, but even if his body was different the rest of mankind never had the body Adam had before he sinned; therefore, all but Adam would have to be raised with a body different from this body we now have. There is a mountain of writing on how God will be able to restore the same body with the same particles of matter it now has. All the particles of matter in our bodies are completely changed every few years; all the matter that has been in the body of a person that lives to be old would be enough to make many bodies, it would be a mountain of matter.

     T. P Connelly, in The Connelly Field Debate says, "The resurrection is, therefore, a reunion of spirit and matter, and this being true, the same particles of matter in the same body are no more necessary in order to a reunion, than that the same particles should remain at all times the same here to perpetuate the union." According to him it would be the spirit coming back from Heaven or Hell and creating a new earthly body, not a resurrection of the body a person had when he or she was living, not a resurrection of anything, not a resurrection of the body we now have and not a resurrection of a soul that would not be dead. Because the natural body, the image of Adam, will not be raised, this mountain of writing is about nothing. I can understand why those in the Church Of God are concerned about what particles of matter the earthly body will be raised with, but he is an evangelist in the Christian Church, and I cannot understand why he thinks a soul which he thinks has no substance and will live forever in Heaven without this body must come back to earth and make itself a new body, but many who say they do not believe this body will ever be in Heaven think that at the resurrection an earthy body must be resurrected even though the earthly body will never be in Heaven.

     Synonyms for "soul" that are used in 1 Corinthians 15: earth, earthly (dust), corruption, natural body, mortal, image of Adam, flesh and blood.

How can death be a separation of body and soul when:

     Mike Willis said a spiritual body is not an ethereal body any more than Christ's was a shadowy, ghostly, ethereal body. But rather, a spiritual body is a body that is suited for the spiritual world, which God has planned for mankind. He said just as certainly as there is a natural body, there will also be a spiritual body; and one is no more uncertain than the other, and just as certainly as we have a body adapted to life in the world we now live in, so also shall we have a body that will be adapted to life in the world to come. A Commentary On Paul's First Epistle To the Corinthians, 1979. He has clearly said the "spirit" he thinks we now have is not the "spiritual body" which we shall have in Heaven. The "spirit" could then only be a shadowy, ghostly, ethereal body, which he said Christ does not have. A spiritual body is not just a thin air, no substance, ghostly something, but we know not what. The soul is the natural body, the image of Adam, a living being; it is the earthy body that will die and cannot inherit the Kingdom of Heaven.

     B. W. Johnson, Author of "People's New Testament With Notes" 1898: "'So also in the resurrection of the dead.' On earth there was a body adapted to earthly condition. At death that earthly body was 'sown' or planted in the earth. 'It is sown in corruption,' or subject, to corruption. 'It is raised in incorruption...It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body.' Our earthly bodies, like that of the earthly Adam, are of earth; the new body, 'the house not made with hands,' is in the image of the heavenly man, the glorified body of Jesus Christ, for 'as we have borne the image of the earthly, (a living soul-living being) so shall we also bear the image of the heavenly.' Then, to silence forever those who expect a sensual heaven in which they shall abide in the flesh eternally, he exclaims, 'Now, this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither does corruption inherit incorruption.' This, in its connection, can only have one meaning. Flesh and blood bodies (a living soulliving being), bodies made of corruptible earthly materials, are not compatible with a home in the world of redeemed and glorified spirits. The soul's tenement, if it has one, must be adapted to the new conditions of being. Are we then denied a body in the future state? By no means. I may not be able to understand the nature of that body, because I have never seen such an existence, but I can accept the statements of the word of God and believe that it is exactly fitted to the happy sphere of glorified existence. It 'is a building of God,' it is made 'as it has pleased him,' it is 'a spiritual body,' it is 'incorruptible,' it is 'immortal,' it is after the image of the heavenly man, and 'our vile bodies (a living soulliving being) are changed into the likeness of his glorified body.'" Page 413, 1891, "Christ and the Future Life" at: http://www.mun.ca/rels/restmov/texts/bjohnson/etc/CATFL.HTM

     B. W. Johnson: "The first man, Adam, was made a living soul. Gen. 2:7. From him came our natural life. The last Adam, Christ, of whom Adam was a type. A quickening spirit. By giving life to the dead, and imparting spiritual existence. Howbeit that is not first which is spiritual. The first Adam came before the second Adam. The natural body, which proceeds from the first Adam is our tabernacle first; after this life comes the 'spiritual body,' which the second Adam gives. The first man is of the earth. Was fashioned out of the earth, Genesis 2:7. The second man is the Lord who came from heaven. As is the earthy. All have earthly bodies, like that of Adam. As is the heavenly. When we are raised to heaven we shall have spiritual bodies like Christ's." "People's New Testament With Notes" pages 124-125.

     Carl Holladay: "To the first Adam, God gave the first physical body: Adam became a living being (Gen. 2:7). To the second Adam, or the last Adam, Christ, God gave the first spiritual body. Their essential difference (and the Greek makes this clear) is that the former was essentially lifereceiving, whereas the latter was lifegiving. It is this that renders one physical and the other spiritual. It was the last Adam upon whom, and within whom the Spirit of God dwelt; by raising him from the dead. God breathed into history a second breath of life, and vividly confirmed another mode of existence, which wholly transcended physical life: spiritual life. But, it succeeds the physical instead of replacing the physical: it is not the spiritual, which is first but the physical, and then the spiritual. Spiritual life is the hope which the resurrection of the last Adam confirmed and will eventually provide; it is inaccessible to those who are still in the physical body" "The First Letter of Paul to The Corinthians," Page 209, Abilene Christian University Press.

     J. W. McGarvey: "The life principle of Adam is soul, and he was formed of the earth: the life principle of Christ is spiritual. He was in heaven (John 1:10 and from thence entered the world and became flesh (John 1:14; 3:13, 21; Phil. 2:6-8; John 1:1-3; Luke 1:35). Now, as the two heads differ, so do the two families, and each resembles itÕs head; the earthly progeny of Adam having earthly natures, and the spiritual progeny of Christ having spiritual and heavenly natures. But in both families the earthly nature come first, and the spiritual children wait for their manifestation, which is the very thing about which the apostle has been talking, for it comes when they are raised from the dead (Rom. 8:29; 1 John 3:2; Rom. 8:22, 23; 2 Cor. 5:1-10)" Standard Bible Commentary, Page 158, 1916, Standard Publishing Company.

     Dr. Lange: "The expression living soul, as used in Genesis, is often taken to indicate an order of being superior to the brute, and is the text of many an argument to prove the immortality of the soul. The incorrectness of this assumption will be readily seen by referring to Genesis 1:20, 21, 24, and elsewhere, in which passages the words translated 'living soul' are used referring to the entire lower creation. They are used indifferently of man and beast to express animal life in general; and it is in this light the apostle uses them as the very course of his argument shows. Adam is spoken of as a living soul, not to prove his immortality, but rather his mortality" Commentary on 1 Corinthians 15:45.

ELEVEN DEFINITIONS OF "SOUL"

AND EIGHTEEN DEFINITIONS OF "SPIRIT"

AS GIVEN BY VINE

     "Vine's Complete Expository Dictionary Of Old And New Testament Words" by W. E. Vine is one of, if not the best and most used and accepted Lexicon in use. Therefore, I will use his definitions of "soul" and "spirit" as a standard work that is used to uphold the doctrine of an immortal soul.

HE USED ONLY 4 PASSAGES TO PROVE AN IMMORTAL SOUL: Of the 106 times psukee is used, he used only 4 of the 106 in (see b and c below) to prove a person has an immortal soul. The 4 passages he used: Matthew 10:28; Acts 2:27; 2 Corinthians 5:3-4; Revelation 6:9.

HE USED ONLY 8 PASSAGES TO PROVE AN IMMORTAL SPIRIT: Of the 288 times spirit-pnuma is used, he used only 8 of the 288 in (see c and d below) to prove a person has an immortal spirit  (1) Luke 8:55; (2) Acts 7:59; (3) 1 Corinthians 5:5; (4) James 2:26; (5) 2 Corinthians 5:3-4; (6) Luke 24:37-39; (7) Hebrews 12:23; (8) 1 Peter 4:6. According to his definitions, both soul and spirit are both an "immaterial, invisible part of man" in only 12 times (really 11 as he used 2 Corinthians 5:3-4 in both to prove both soul and spirit are immortal even thought he says soul and spirit are two entirely difference things) in the 394 times that both soul and spirit are used; according to Vine the other 382 that are speaking of man are speaking of man as an earthly being, not an immortal soul or an immortal spirit. Matthew 10:28 says God can destroy the soul-psukee. In Acts 2:27 the soul (psukee-person) is in the grave un-resurrected. Neither says anything about an "immaterial, invisible part of man."

(1) W. E. Vine on psukee (SOUL) Page 588

THE FOUR PASSAGES VINE USED

TO PROVE A PERSON NOW HAS AN IMMORTAL SOUL

     He gives ten definitions of soul. He applies only two (b) and (c) of his definitions to what he thinks is an immortal soul. All the others of his definitions (a, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j) are used referring to men and animals, not to an inter being that lives after the death of the person or animal.

1). Psukee—soul: to mortal man. W. E. Vine lists eight ways that he says "soul" applies to mortal man.

1.       (a) The natural life of the body (a living soul-living being)

2.       (d) The seat of personality...explained as = "own self,"...the seat of the sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflects, fells, desires

3.       (e) The seat of the sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflects, feels, desires.

4.       (f) The seat of will and purpose

5.       (g) The seat of appetite

6.       (h) Persons, individuals..."persons"..."anyone"...of dead bodies..."dead soul" and of animals

á          The equivalent of the personal pronoun, used for emphasis and effect: 1st person, 2nd person, 3rd person

7.       (j) An animate creature, human or other.

8.       (k) ÒThe inward man,Ó the seat of the new life

2). Psukee—soul: to man. W. E. Vine lists two ways that "soul" applies to something immortal in man.

1.       (b) The immaterial, invisible part of man, Matthew 10:28; Acts 2:27. In the first two of his eleven definitions of soul, he makes the soul be both the natural body in the image of Adam and "the immaterial, invisible part of man." This is the common way of most that believe we have a part that is now immortal. Any passage with psukee-life-soul must be interpreted in a way that makes psukee be an immortal part of a person, and this is most of them for only a few can be made to say what they want them to say.

2.       (c) The disembodied or "unclothed" or "naked" man, 2 Corinthians 5:3-4 and Revelation 6:9. "Disembodied" is not in 2 Corinthians 5:3-4, he added it. He clearly says soul and spirit are two difference things, yet he applied "naked" to both the soul (psukee) and the spirit (pneuma), even though he made a distinction in the two. He says, "The language of Heb. 4:12 suggests the extreme difficulty of distinguishing between the soul and the spirit, alike in their nature and in their activities. Generally speaking, the spirit may be recognized as the life principle bestowed on man by God, the soul as the resulting life constituted in the individual, the body being the material organism animated by soul and spirit."

1.        "The spirit may be recognized as the life principle bestowed on man from God"-W. E. Vine.

2.        "The body being the material organism"-W. E. Vine.

3.        "The soul as the resulting life" "(a) The natural life of the body" - W. E. Vine. Body + breath of life, spirit = a living being, a soul. This is true of both man and animals. The spirit–life principle came from God and returns to God (Ecclesiastes 12:7). The soul is the breathing creature whether a person or animal. What does he think is the immortal part of a person? The soul or spirit? He seems to say one (soul) at one time and the other (spirit) at another time.

If the soul (psukee) is "An animate creature, human or other" how is it that he thinks people have souls but animals do not? He give four passage to prove the ÒsoulÓ is now immortal, but about forty to prove that the ÒsoulÓ is now mortal, Òthe natural life of the body,Ó an Òanimate creature, human or other.Ó How could he know when psukee (soul) is something that is immortal and when the same word, psukee (soul) sometimes used in the same passage, is something that is mortal?

The four passages Vine used

To prove we have an immortal, immaterial soul.

     Vine used only four passages to prove a person has an immortal soul (Matthew 10:28; Acts 2:27; 2 Corinthians 5:3,4; Revelation 6:9). All the other passages where soul-psukee refers to a person he applied to the earthly person, not an "immaterial, invisible part of a man."

(1). Matthew 10:28: See Gehenna in chapter four, second occasion.

(2). Acts 2:27: See hades in the New Testament in chapter six.

(3). 2 Corinthian 5:3-4: See number five below on his eight passages on spirit, ÒLonging to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven.Ó He used this passage to prove we have both a soul and a spirit and both are an Òimmaterial, invisible part of a person,Ó but he said the soul and spirit are not the same immortal being.

(4). Revelation 6:9: Souls under the altar See chapter eight, part three. Not one of his four passages has immortal or immortality in them.

W. E. VINE ON PNEUMA (SPIRIT)

THE EIGHT PASSAES VINE USED TO

PROVE A PERSON NOW HAS AN IMMORTAL SPIRIT

      "Pneuma primarily denotes 'the wind' ('to breathe, blow'); also 'breath.'" W. E. Vine, Vine's Complete Expository Dictionary Of Old and New Testament Words, Page 593.

(Note: While they are men who have learned more than most on Bible words; and we can learn from them, they are still just as human, just as uninspired as other men are, just as subject to err and be wrong, they are still men and hold to such things as Calvinism: He says, "Adam died on the day he disobeyed God. Genesis 2:17, and hence all mankind are born in the same spiritual condition" W. E. Vine, Page 149, New Testament; and like the men who have made translations of the Bible, their views sometime show up in their work, intentional or unintentional; and we must not believe there can be no error in even the best lexicon or translations. They all have some, and no lexicon can be taken as law. McCord says they can be and are sometimes wrong. See "Lexicons Can Be Wrong" McCord, Guardian of Truth, Page 448, 1996). In the early translations, one Greek word would be translated into many English words (an example-apollumi was translated into eight English words in the King James Version). A Lexicon wrote later would give all eight English words as the meaning of the one Greek word. Lexicons sometimes define a Greek word more by the way that word is used in the English translations than that by the way it was used in the Greek New Testament, if the English translations translate it 8 or 10 different ways, the lexicons give 8 or 10 different meanings of the one Greek word. The question is why did the early translations use many words to translate one word? By being able to translate one Greek word into many English words gives them the ability to make any verse not say something they did not want it to say. One word, nehphesh, is rendered with about forty-four different words in the King James Old Testament.

     W. E. VINE'S EIGHTEEN WAYS "SPIRIT" IS USED: They are almost the same as his "soul" - see above. Of the eighteen ways Vine says the Greek word ÒpneumaÓ that is translated "spirit" is used in the Bible, he says sixteen of them are not used with reference to an undying "immaterial, invisible part of man." C and D are the only two of the eighteen different ways he says spirit is used, which he used to prove a person is a two-fold being, and they do not do it. None of the eight passages he used say anything about an immortality soul.

1). Pneuma—spirit: to being not of this earth, God, Christ, Holy Spirit, angels, and other spirits both clean and unclean.

1.       (k) The Holy Spirit.

2.       (m) Unclean spirits, demons.

3.       (n) Angels.

2). Pneuma—spirit: to mortal man. W. E. Vine lists thirteen definition of ÒspiritÓ that makes "spirit" apply to mortal man.

  1.  (a) The wind
  2. (b) The breath
  3.  (e) The resurrection body
  4. (f) The sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflect, feels, desires
  5. (g) Purpose, aim
  6. (h) The equivalent of the personal pronoun, used for emphasis and effect
  7. (i) Character
  8. (j) Moral qualities and activities:

á          Bad: As of bondage, As of a slave, Stupor, and Timidity

á          Good: As of adoption, liberty as of a son, Faith, Quietness,

  1. (l) 'The inward man,' an expression used only of the believer, The new life
  2. (o) Divine gift for service
  3. (p) By metonymy, those who claim to be depositories of these gifts
  4. (q) The significance, as contrasted with the form, of words, or of a rite
  5. (r) A vision.

3). Pneuma—spirit: to man. W. E. Vine lists two definition of "spirit" that is something immortal in man.

  1. (c) The immaterial, invisible part of man, Luke 8:55; Acts 7:59; 1 Corinthians 5:5; James 2:26.
  2. (d) The disembodied, or unclothed, or naked, 2 Corinthians 5:3, 4; Luke 24:37-39; Hebrews 12:23; 1 Peter 4:6

    W. E. Vine's gives eight passages in (c) and (d) to prove a person now has in immortal Òspirit.Ó (1) Luke 8:55; (2) Acts 7:59; (3) 1 Corinthians 5:5; (4) James 2:26; (5) 2 Corinthians 5:3-4; (6) Luke 24:37-39; (7) Hebrews 12:23; (8) 1 Peter 4:6, but he used about sixty-two passages where he says the same Greek word is something that is now mortal.

á          Eight times his definitions of ÒspiritÓ are something that is now is immortal.

á          Sixty-two times his definitions of ÒspiritÓ are something that is now mortal.

(1). W. E. VINEÕS FIRST PASSAGE OF HIS EIGHT

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: Luke 8:55

"And her spirit returned."

     W. E. Vine says pneuma (soul) is "the natural life of the body," Page 588. It means her life returned. W. E. Vine said, "The spirit may be recognized as the life principle bestowed on man by God, the soul as the resulting life constituted in the individual, the body being the material organism animated by soul and spirit" Page 589. He points out that man as he is now can have no life without the body. After the resurrection the saved will have a new body. The lost are not said to put on a new glorious spiritual body (2 Thessalonians 4:23ff, 1 Corinthians 15:43), or to have immortality, which they must have if they will live forever in torment. Pneuma-spirit is also translated "life" in Revelation 13:15. Vine makes a clear distinction between soul and spirit, but says both are an "immaterial, invisible part of man." Does he think people have two "immaterial, invisible part(s)"? Is this proof that, as McCord says, "Lexicons Can Be Wrong"? W. E. Vine also applied "A building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal, in the heavens" (2 Corinthians 5:3-4) to both the soul and the spirit, but he and many others believes the soul and the spirit are not the same yet say both are Òa house not made with hands.Ó Do we have two buildings from God for the two "immaterial, invisible parts" of a person, (1) one building Ònot made with handsÓ for the spirit, (2) and another building Ònot made with handsÓ for the soul? According to Vine we do; do you believe him?

(2). W. E. VINEÕS SECOND PASSAGE OF HIS EIGHT

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: Acts 7:59

"Receive my spirit"

     If he were asking for his spirit to be received at the resurrection, for this is when we will be received in Heaven, then where is his spirit before the resurrection? For this to prove Stephen had a spirit that would be alive from death unto the Resurrection, his spirit would have to be received by God at death. Stephen was asking God to receive him at the judgment. Those who teach we go to Abraham's bosom do not believe we are caught up to Heaven immediately at death so why are they using this to prove what happens to us at death when they do not believe God receives us into Heaven at the time of our death? To make this teach we have an immortal soul, which does not die when the body dies, (1) soul and spirit must be made to be the same thing (2) then contrary to their belief about Abraham's bosom that no one will be in Heaven before the resurrection; they send Stephen to Heaven at his death. Is it because there is no real proof, and scripture must be misused to make it sound as though there is proof, and even misuse them in a way that is contradictory to their own belief. We are not told that Stephen went to Heaven or to Abraham's bosom, but we are clearly told that he "fell asleep" (Acts 7:60), not that he has Ògone to be with the Lord,Ó not told that he is now in Heaven Òlooking down on usÓ as is often preached today. Maybe they think Stephen is asleep in Heaven or Abraham's bosom. If the real Stephen were the spirit, then what was the "he" that "fell asleep" (Acts 7:60)? The "he" that fell asleep was Stephen (the whole person), not just an earthly body that will never be in Heaven that was asleep while the real Stephen was awake in Heaven. Either Òthe real StephenÓ "fell asleep" or he was awake, one or the other but not both.

     Stephen said, "Lay not this sin to their charge" (Acts 7:60). The book of Job was inspired, but the speeches of his three friends were not inspired, and much in their speeches is not true (Job 42:7; Job 42:8). See "Job" By Homer Hailey and "Guide to Bible Study" by J. W. McGarvey. Was Stephen speaking by inspiration, or was Luke only inspired to write what Stephen said, just as the writer of Job was inspired to write the uninspired speeches of Job's friends even when it is said that they spoke not the truth? The question is "what did he ask God to do, and when was he asking God to do it"? "Lord, lay not this sin to their charge?" (Acts 7:60). This shows he had love even to those who were doing him harm as he should, but what he was asking could not be unless they believed, repented, and were baptized. There is no other way that God could not lay this sin to their charge, or the death of Christ would not have been needed. Therefore, God could not do what Stephen was asking. Stephen was not speaking by inspiration when he said this, for if he were, he would not have been inspired to ask God to do something He could not do. Christ said, "Father, into your hands I commit My spirit: and having said this, He breathed His last" (Luke 23:46). Isaiah 53:12 in the King James Version "because he has poured out his soul unto death," is "because he poured out Himself to death" in the New American Standard Version, and "because He poured out his life unto death" in the New International Version. Christ gave his life for us, not a no substance something that according to today's theology could not die and was alive in "Hell" in the three days that his body was in the grave. If Christ did not really give up His life, if He were as much alive as He was before He came to earth there was no resurrection. He did not die for us. We are still in our sins with no hope. "For you will not abandon my soul to sheol" (Psalm 16:10). "Because you will not abandon me to the grave" New International Version is quoted in the New Testament, "Because you will not leave My soul unto hades" (Acts 2:27 and 31). "In hell" in the King James Version. Christ gave His life for our sins. Sheol is the grave. He died our death and went to the grave and was raised from the grave by the Father. He was not abandon to the grave.

(1). ÒChrist died for our sinsÓ (1 Corinthians 15:3).

(2). ÒHe was buriedÓ (1 Corinthians 15:4).

(3). ÒHe has been raised on the third dayÓ (1 Corinthians 15:4).

If He went to Heaven at the moment of death He could not have been buried for He would have been alive in Heaven, He could not have been raised on the third day for He would have been alive in Heaven, not dead and buried in the grave, if He was alive in Heaven there was no resurrection for He would not have been dead on the third day. Unconditional immortality completely destroys the resurrection.

(3). W. E. VINE'S THIRD PASSAGE OF HIS EIGHT

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: I Corinthians 5:5

     ÒTo deliver such a one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.Ó The day of the Lord Jesus is the day of His second coming and the resurrection. Is Vine saying salvation will be given to any one after the resurrection?

     The context of this passage is disfellowship of the person committing fornication with his fatherÕs wife. ÒTo deliver such a one unto SatanÓ is to disfellowship him in hope that he will repent; it is not to literally to deliver him to Satan; there would be no way that the Corinthians are any one could literally take any living person to Satan. ÒFor the destruction of the fleshÓ is the destruction of the sinful desires of this life, not to literally destroy his body. No Christian can literally destroy the body of another living person and this is not what Paul was telling them to do. ÒThat the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord JesusÓ is one of PaulÕs Òthings hard to be understoodÓ (1 Peter 3:16). ÒThe day of the Lord JesusÓ is the day of His second coming, the resurrection, and judgment. Even most of those who believe we have an immortal soul or an immortal spirit that is different than the person does not believe either one can be saved at any time after death, not even on ÒThe day of the Lord Jesus.Ó It most likely means that he if the person disfellowshiped will be saved from the second death after the Judgment (Revelation 21:8) if being disfellowshiped makes him repent before his death.

(4). W. E. VINEÕS FORTH PASSAGE

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: James 2:26

ÒFor as the body apart from the spirit is dead,Ó

     What does this passage teach us about the spirit? Only that the body is dead without it. Nothing more. To teach anything more than this from this passage it must be read into it.

WHAT THIS PASSAGE DOES NOT SAY.

 (5). W. E. VINE'S FIFTH PASSAGE OF HIS EIGHT

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: 2 Corinthians 5:5

ÒLonging to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heavenÓ

     He used 2 Corinthians 5:5 to prove a person has an "immaterial, invisible part of man." In 2 Corinthians 5:3-4 we are unclothed while we are in the earthly house, but will be clothed in Heaven. Nothing is said in this about a person being a dual being while in the earthly house. If it were as Vine says, that this clothing is "a never-dying spirit" it would not be possible to be unclothed. If this clothing were our spirit, to be "unclothed" or "naked" would be to not have a spirit. He added, "disembodied" to get his immaterial soul, but adds it to both soul and spirit, which he said are not the same. If all have an immortal soul from birth, not even the lost could ever be ÒnakedÓ or Òunclothed.Ó If all have an immortal soul and the Òhouse not made with handsÓ were this soul, even the lost would have this Òhouse not made with hands,Ó and no one, saved or lost could ever not have a Òhouse not made with hands,Ó not now in this life time or at any time after death.

     2 Corinthians 5:1-8: (1) ÒFor we know that if the earthly house of our tabernacle be dissolved (if our earthly body be dead), we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal, in the heavensÓ (a new immortal body). (2) ÒFor verily in this we groan, longing to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven (wanting to be with Christ in Heaven and clothed with our immortal bodies); (3) if so be that being clothed (with a new spiritual immortal body) we shall not be found naked (not be dead, not have the life Christ gives to them that obey Him). (4) For indeed we that are in this tabernacle (our earthly body) do groan, being burdened: (in this life we have persecutions, sickness, death; but most of all a longing to be with Christ) not for that we would be unclothed.Ó Not that we want the sleep of death before we put on immortal life at the resurrection. To be "unclothed" is not to have a body, not an earthly or spiritual body from death unto the resurrection. To be "unclothed" is to be asleep without a body waiting to wake up at the resurrection and "put on immortality."

There are three states that are clearly stated in this passage, not two.

(1) We are now clothed with the earthly body, which is the Òearthly house of this tabernacle.Ó

(2) We will be unclothed, asleep without a body (earthly body or heavenly body) from death to the resurrection.

(3) We long to be clothed (with our immortal bodies in Heaven) Òbut that we would be clothed upon; that what is mortal may be swallowed up of life (that this life on earth with out mortal bodies may be replaced with life in Heaven with an immortal bodies). Now he that wrought us for this very thing is God, who gave unto us the earnest of the Spirit. Being therefore, always of good courage, and knowing that, while we are at home in the body, (while we are living on this earth) we are absent from the Lord (not immortal in Heaven with Christ) (for we walk by faith, not by sight): we are of good courage, I say, and are willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be at home with the LordÉFor we must all be made manifest before the judgment-seat of Christ; that each one may receive the things done in the body.Ó Willing to change this mortal body for an immortal body, and be in Heaven with Christ after we are before the judgment-seat of Christ. It is not the "soul" which will be naked after death; it is ÒweÓ the whole person. Those who believe the soul is an inter part of a person, which will be alive after dead:

á          Believe the same soul we have now.

o    Is the same soul we will have after death.

o    And is the same soul we will have in Heaven; for they believe "the immaterial, invisible part of man" is just as immortal now as it will be after the resurrection and judgment; they believe it is just as immortal now while we are on earth as it will be after we are in Heaven.

     The soul being naked after death is not possible and makes no sense if you believe a person now has the same immortal soul that person will always have; and that it is only this "immaterial, invisible part of man" that will live forever in Heaven or Hell. A person being "disembodied" is not in the Bible, and therefore is a doctrine of man. Vine added, "disembodied," and makes it equal to "unclothed," or "naked"; it was Paul and the Corinthians that would be "unclothed," or "naked," not an ÒimmaterialÓ part of them; if they are now alive in Heaven before the resurrection, they would be in Heaven but naked or unclothed. Paul's words have to be changed to get an immaterial immortal soul. Most Protestants believe the soul goes immediately to Heaven or Hell at death; therefore, VineÕs teaching of a soul being "disembodied" after death does not fit with what most Protestants believe, it is a total contradiction to it. The Catholic or the Protestant views do not have any room for an intermediate "disembodied" state from death to the resurrection. VineÕs "disembodied" soul from death to the resurrection is saying they are both wrong, for most in the mainstream Protestants or Catholics do not believe there is a "disembodied" state for the soul from death to the resurrection, but believe that the soul goes instantly to Heaven or Hell at death with no disembodied state in between death and Heaven. This passage is just another of the many passages that are an unexplainable passage to anyone with the Protestant view, but Vine did the best he could even if he has to be both unorthodox and change the Bible.

      2 Corinthians 5:1-10 is used to show the "house not made with hands" is the spirit and it will be conscious before the resurrection. This "longing to be clothed upon with our habitation that is from Heaven," is longing for our habitation at "the judgment seat" (5:10), not in this life, or not at our death. If this "house not made with hands" were an immortal soul, as those who use this passage to teach we now have an immortal soul says it is; then we would now have this immortal soul now living in us, then why would we be "longing to be clothed" with our "house not made with hands" when we are now clothed with it, and all, both the saved and the lost, even those not in Christ have been clothed with the "house not made with hands" from the day of their birth? Paul is made to say we are longing to be clothed with that which we are already clothed with; that with which we have been clothed with from birth. It is not an immortal soul that Paul is speaking of, but the "house not made with hands" in Heaven after we stand before the judgment seat of Christ which we are looking for, not an immaterial invisible part of a person, which he is somehow trying to prove that we now have. There is nothing about a "soul" in this passage. "Spirit" has to be read into this for Paul said nothing about "spirit" in 2 Corinthians 5:1-10.

(1) It is about us now in this life.

(2) And us at the judgment seat.

(3) And then us at home in Heaven.

It is about our whole person both now and in Heaven, not just an "immaterial, invisible part of man."

OUR MORTAL NATURE NOW        OUR IMMORTAL NATURE AFTER THE

ON EARTH 2 Cor. 5:1-11       RESURRECTION IN HEAVEN after second coming

"The earthly house"          "A building from God-eternal in the heavens"

"Longing to be clothed upon" "With our habitation that is from Heaven"

"At home in the body"        "At home with the Lord"

"That what is mortal"        "May be swallowed up of life"

"This mortal"                "Must put on immortality" 1 Corinthians 15:53

    Paul says nothing about life between death and the resurrection or about an immortal soul, which as many teach is the same now as it will be in Heaven. He is comparing this life with life in Heaven. We now have an earthly house, a mortal soul mode of existence, but will have a building from God, an immortal spiritual mode of existence. Nothing is said about any kind of existence from death to the resurrection. "That what is mortal may be swallowed up of life" (2 Corinthians 5:4). When will this be? At the resurrection, not instantly at death (1 Corinthians 15:54).

     If the "house not made with hands" were an immortal soul and the lost now have an immortal soul AS SOME TEACH THEY DO, then the lost would NOW have this "house not made with hands," the same immortal soul NOW while they are living and will ALWAYS have this "house not made with hands" in Hell. If the lost do not have eternal life, they would not know they were in Hell and could not feel any pain. This teaching of Plato that all now has an immortal soul makes all now have this house, which is believed to be an "immaterial, invisible part of man," and no one, lost or saved, need to long for it for according to this teaching  all now have this "immaterial, invisible part of man," and all will always have it, but in an attempt to prove a person now has an immortal soul they use "longing to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven" when they say that we are born already clothed with this habitation. Which way is it, were we born with immortality, or longing to be clothed with immortality?

  1. THE LOST do not now and will never have "a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens" They will never "be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven." Therefore, if this house were an immortal soul or an immortal spirit as many teach it to be, the lost do not have and will never have an immortal soul or spirit.
  2. THE SAVED are "longing to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven." Therefore, if this house is an immortal soul or an immortal spirit as many teach it to be, the saved do not now have an immortal soul or spirit but are longing to have one or both. Immortality is only in the eternal future state, not a present possession.
  3. Paul was not longing for a disembodied existence but the gaining of a body far superior to this earthly body.

     According to the immortal soul teaching of today that the soul is now immortal, what is Òmortal that is swallowed up of life?Ó (2 Corinthians 5:4).

      We need to take care that we do not put an interpretation on any passage that will make it clash with other passages. It is evident that Paul did not expect the dead in Christ, those who have fallen asleep (1 Corinthians 15:1-28), to be with Christ before the resurrection.

  1. In the body (now)
  2. Death, out of the body
  3. The resurrection to eternal life when all the dead in Christ will simultaneously be raised together. Then "so shall we ever be (at home) with the Lord." Paul looked for and thought the Lord may come soon, maybe in his lifetime. He said, "I tell you a mystery: We all shall not sleep, but we shall all be changed (shall instantly put on a spiritual body) in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump" (1 Corinthians 15:51). He did not want to die (sleep unto the resurrection) and be naked (have no body) but wanted to be alive at the time Christ came and in a moment put off this earthly body and put on the spiritual body and be with Christ. There is some evident in Paul's letters that he may have thought Christ would come in his lifetime. Paul seems to have been longing for the return of Christ and for the time when he would be at home with Christ thinking it would be soon and that any day he would be at home with the Lord without the sleep of death unto the resurrection, although he knows many believers were already asleep in Christ (1 Thessalonians 4:14), already out of the body, but not at home with the Lord.

     Paul speaks of three states.

á          State 1 – Life–the earthly house or tabernacle, the present body we now have.

á          State 2 – Death–the naked or unclothed, the state he did not groan for, asleep in Christ without a body.

á          State 3 – Resurrected–a building of God not made with hands eternal in the heavens, the clothed or resurrected body he wanted.

     If, as Vine says, the naked state is the "disembodied" soul in Heaven during the intermediate state, why does Paul not want to be "found naked"? Did he not want to be in Heaven without the earthly body in the intermediate state? Did he not want to be in Heaven with Christ and all the saved unto the Judgment Day? No. Paul knew that he would not be with Christ unto the Resurrection if Christ did not return before his death. He knew that there is no life for the dead before the Resurrection. To be naked or unclothed is to have no life, not be alive in Heaven or Hell.

     The doctrine that the body is only a dwelling place of an immortal soul that goes to Heaven or Hell as a "disembodied" soul without the Òspiritual bodyÓ before the resurrection and judgment is not found in this passage, but many read it into it. The passage says nothing about a "soul." Paul used "we" not "our soul." "But that WE would be clothed upon that what is mortal may be swallowed up of life." The context that this passage is in is speaking of the resurrection from the dead (2 Corinthians 4:14 to 5:10), not on being alive after death without a body, and having no need of the resurrection.

     WHEN WILL WE BE PRESENT WITH THE LORD? If "to be present with the Lord" is to take up our residence in Heaven immediately at death, what is the "naked" and "unclothed" state of verses 3 and 4, and when is it? It is not while Paul was in "this tabernacle" or when he would be clothed in Heaven; therefore, neither in this life nor in Heaven is when he could be "unclothed." All will be absent from the body at death (the naked state), but no one will be present with the Lord in Heaven unto after the second coming of Christ. The intermediate nakedness from death unto the resurrection is something Paul did not want, something he DID NOT GROAN FOR; it is death, not any kind of life anyplace. From 1 Thessalonians 4:17 we learn that after death the only way we will be with the Lord is the resurrection, not immediately at death without the resurrection.

á          "For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first; (all the dead in Christ shall rise at the same time at the coming of Christ) them that are alive, that are left, shall together with them be caught up in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord" (1 Thessalonians 4:16-17). Both (1) believers that are dead in Christ and (2) believers that will be alive at His coming will both together be caught up and ever be with the Lord; this clearly shows that the dead in Christ are not now in Heaven with the Lord before and without being resurrected from the dead. If they were now alive in Heaven they would not be Òdead in Christ,Ó they could not Òrise first,Ó be resurrected from the dead before those who are alive are Òchanged.Ó It is (1) dead Christians that will be resurrected (2) and living Christians that will be changed from mortal to immortal, not (1) dead souls resurrected (2) and living souls changed.

á          ÒWe all shall not sleep but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we (those who are alive when Christ comes) shall be changed. For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortalityÓ (1 Corinthians 15:51-53). Paul is clearly speaking of this mortal person putting on immortality, not an immortal soul putting on immortality. An immortal soul is read into this passage when nothing is said about a soul in it.

á          At our gathering together unto Him at Òthe coming of the LordÓ (2 Thessalonians 2:1)

á          When the Lord shall descend from Heaven with a shout (1 Thessalonians 4:13-17)

á          When Christ who is our life shall be manifest (Colossians 3:4)

     Even though Paul know his death was near he anticipated receiving Òthe crown or righteousnessÓ to be given to him by the Lord Òon that day,Ó not at his death if he should die before the coming of the Lord, and that this crown of life would also be given to Òall them that have loved his appearingÓ Òon that dayÓ (2 Timothy 4:6-8), both to all that are asleep in Christ and to all that will be alive when He comes.

     In the above passages it is said when we will go to Heaven in such a simple and clear way that I cannot understand how anyone cannot understand them, or how they could say, ÒNot true Lord, we are not going to wait unto You come again.Ó If an immaterial no substance soul were alive with the Lord immediately after death it could not be resurrected from the dead at His coming; an immortal soul could not Òput on immortalityÓ at the coming of Christ. In 2 Corinthians 5:1-10 Paul says nothing about a Òsoul,Ó he is speaking of the whole person.

     Paul says the same thing in Romans 8:23-24 and 2 "Corinthians 5:1-2. Ò Waiting for our adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body" and "longing to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven" is the same thing and will be at the resurrection, not at death and says nothing about a part of an immortal person that will be alive from death unto the resurrection.

Romans 8:23-24                   | 2 Corinthians 5:1-2       

But ourselves also, who have the | Who give unto us the earnest of the

first-fruits of the Spirit       | Spirit" See Eph 1:13-14; Rom 8:11

Even we ourselves groan          | In this we groan,           

within ourselves                 |                            .                               

waiting for our adoption, to     | longing to be clothed upon with our

wit, the redemption of our body  | habitation which is from heaven

It is our bodies changed body that will be redeemed, clothed with our habitation from Heaven, not a soul.

     Scott P. Wiley in "Eternal Torment or Annihilation" makes the grave be the place where man puts bodies but he says sheol is not the grave but a place under the earth where God puts the souls of the dead, some in one part of sheol are happy and some in another part of sheol are in torment, and they are waiting there for the resurrection. If Paul and all the saved go to be with the Lord at death and the Lord is in Heaven there is no such place as sheol or hades or if there where such a place, no one would be in it for they would be with the Lord in Heaven. If the dead all go to sheol and they are with the Lord, the Lord would be in sheol under the earth or wherever those who believe sheol is a storehouse for living souls believe it to be, He would not be in Heaven, not setting on the right hand of God. Being transported to Heaven or Hell instantly at death makes all the passages that speak of the dead being in sheol or hades a lie, and all the passages that speak of the resurrection of the dead be a lie for those in Heaven could not be dead; and makes the Bible say one thing in one place and another thing in another place.

     COMPANION BIBLE by E.W. Bullinger, on 2 Corinthians 5:8: ÒIt is little less than a crime for anyone to pick out certain words and frame them into a sentence, not only disregarding the scope and context, but ignoring the other words in the verse, and quote the words Ôabsent from the body, present with the LordÕ with the view of dispensing with the hope of the Resurrection (which is the subject of the whole passage) as though it were unnecessary; an as though Ôpresent with the LordÕ is obtainable without it.Ó

2 Corinthians 5:1-4

In contemporary English and paraphrased translated.

     NEW LIVING TRANSLATION: ÒFor we know that when this earthly tent we live in is taken down—when we die and leave these bodies—we will have a home in heaven, an eternal body made for us by God himself and not by human hands. We grow weary in out present bodies, and long for the day when we will put on out heavenly bodies like new clothing. For WE will not be spirits without bodies, but WE will put on new heavenly bodies. Our dying bodies make us groan and sigh, but itÕs not that we want to die and have no bodies at all. We want to slip into our new bodies so that these dying bodies will be swallowed up by everlasting life.Ó

     THE LIVING BIBLE PARAPHARASED: ÒFor we know that when this tent we live in now is taken down—we will have wonderful new bodies in heaven, homes that will be ours forevermore, made for us by God himself, and not by human hands. How weary we grow of our present bodies. That is why we look forward eagerly to the day when WE shall have heavenly bodies which we shall put on like new clothes. For we shall not be merely spirits without bodies. These earthly bodies make us grown and sigh, but we wouldnÕt like to think of dying and having no bodies at all. We want to slip into our new bodes so that these dying bodies will as it were, be swallowed up by everlasting life.Ó

     Comtemporary ENGLISH VERSION: ÒOut bodies are like tents that we live in here on earth. But when these tents are destroyed, we know that God will give each of us a place to live. These homes will not be buildings that someone has made, but they are in heaven and will last forever. While we are here on earth, we sigh because we want to live in that heavenly home. We want to put it on like clothes and not be naked. These tents we now live in are like a heavy burden, and we groan, But we donÕs do this just because we want to leave these bodies that will die. It is because WE want to change them for bodies that will never die.Ó

     NEW CENTURY VERSION: ÒWe know that our body—the tent we live in here on earth—will be destroyed. But when this happens, God will have a house for us. It will not be a house made by human hands; instead, it will be a home in heaven that will last forever. But now we groan in this tent. We want God to give us our heavenly home, because it will clothe us so we will not be naked. While we live in this body, we have burdens, and we groan. We do not want to be naked, but want to be clothed with our heavenly home.Ó

     THE SIMPLE ENGLISH BIBLE: ÒWhen the earthly ÔtentÕ in which we live is destroyed, we know that we have another building which comes from God, a house in the heavenly worlds, not man-made. It lasts forever. That is why we groan, yearning to be clothed with our heavenly house. Since we will be clothed with a body, we will not be a naked spirit. While we are in out bodies now, we are groaning because we feel burdened. That doesnÕt mean we want to die; we only want a new life.Ó

     GOOD NEWS FOR MODERN MAN. THE NEW TESTAMENT IN TODAYÕS ENGLISH VERSION: ÒFor we know that when this tent we live in—our body here on earth—is torn down, God will have a house in heaven for us to live in, a house he himself made, which will last for ever. And now we sigh, so great is out desire to have our home which is in haven put on over us; for be being clothed with it we shall not be found without a body. While we live in this earthly tent we groan with a feeling of oppression; it is not that we want to get rid of our earthly body, but that we want to have the heavenly one (body) put on over us, so that what is mortal will be swallowed up by life.Ó

     Summary: This passage makes the clothing be something that we do not now have but are longing for, changing this earthly body for our heavenly body. The teaching of some makes Paul be wrong when he said we are Òlonging to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heavenÓ for their teaching says that we are now clothed with an immortal soul and will always be clothed with it even if we go to ÒHell.Ó A ÒhabitationÓ is a place to live that we are longing for, not a soul; we are longing for our habitation, which we do not now have, will not have at death, will not have unto after the resurrection.

 (6). W. E. VINE'S SIXTH PASSAGE OF HIS EIGHT

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: Luke 24:37

"Supposed that they beheld a spirit"

     The sixth proof that Vine used to prove a person now has an "immaterial, invisible part of man" is Luke 24:37-39,"Supposed that they beheld a spirit." This is what they (as men) thought based on their fear, and was not based on inspiration. The two parallel account of this says phantom (Matthew 14:26; Mark 6:49). Strong (Page 1006) says this word is not pneuma (spirit) #4151, but "phantasma" #5326 (also #5324); "A (mere) show...i.e. specter (a hunting vision)" When Christ walked on the water is the one time this word (phantasma) is used in the Bible, and is translated "ghost" in the American Standard Version and most others. It is translated "a phantom" by Marshall and in the "Christian Bible." The "Englishman Greek Concordance," Page 783 says, "Lit. A phantom." These disciples seem to have believed they were seeing a ghost or phantom; and like these disciples, some today believe in ghosts, spooks, haunted houses, and such things. This maybe the only time VineÕs thin air with no substance ghost or spirit is in the New Testament, and then it was only what these disciples thought they were seeing, and not what they did see. Spirits, God, Christ, Angels have a body, and mankind after judgment will have a body, and are more than just thin air; but not two bodies with two opposite natures both at the same time. The use of this passage to prove a person has an immortal soul makes the proof be based on a lie, on what the disciples thought they were seeing, not on what they did see. Then what they thought they were seeing, a phantasm or ghost must be changed to say they were seeing, "The immaterial, invisible part of man" which W. E. Vine does not seem to know whether it was an invisible "soul" or an invisible "spirit" they were seeing, but it was not very invisible for they were seeing it. Christ said to them that He was not a spirit, not a phantom or ghost, not something that has no body that they thought they were seeing, that He was flesh and blood. It seems that these disciples were familiar with the pagan teach that was taught all around Israel at that time and thought they were seeing such a spirit; Christ simply pointed out to them that His having flesh and bones was completely inconsistent with the pagan concept of an immaterial bodiless soul they thought they were seeing. Why did Vine use an uninspired statement made by men in fear, who was not seeing what they thought they were seeing to prove something to be a divine truth? Notice that Vine used it to prove the very thing that Christ pointed out to them was not true? This passage says absolutely nothing about a person having an immortal invisible soul that he used it to prove. Does he think they were inspired to believe a lie and that this lie becomes truth, but only after he changes this "phantom" to both a "soul" and a "spirit"? And that this "immaterial, invisible part of man" is just air, and it has no kind of substance or no body of any kind; and that a spiritual body is no body at all, with just nothing to it? Yet, V. W. Vine said these disciples thought they were seeing something that he says is invisible; therefore, could not be seen. Although what they were seeing was not invisible, he used it to prove a person has an invisible bodiless part in him. Most who believe a person has an immortal soul do not believe a bodiless soul that has not flesh and bone can be seen, but will use this to prove these men were seeing a soul that has no substance, a bodiless soul that they say cannot be seen.

     LUKE 24:27-29 and ACTS 7:59: Two of the passages, which W. E. Vine used to prove a person has an immortal part, are uninspired statements. What these disciples thought they were seeing but were not, and what Stephen was asking that could not be unless they believed in Christ. (See (2) Acts 7:59 above) Does this not say something about how weak his proof is?

 (7). HIS SEVENTH OF HIS EIGHT THAT W. E. VINE USED

To prove the SPIRIT is immortal: Hebrews 12:22-23

"The spirits of just men made perfect"

     He used Òthe spirits of just men made perfectÓ to prove that the spirits of the just dead men are alive in Heaven and were made perfect at the moment of death. Hebrews 12:22-23 is a list of seven ways the New Covenant is now better than the Old Covenant. Paul said they had come, not will come after death to the spirits of just men made perfect. This was then, while Paul and the others were alive, it was before death, before the Resurrection, before the Judgment, before anyone will be in Heaven they had already come "to the spirits of just men made perfect" at the time Paul wrote this. We could not have come to the spirits of those made perfect in Heaven for they are not yet in Heaven. If it did refer to spirits in Heaven after the Resurrection, they would not have been "made perfect" when Paul was writing this before the Resurrection.

Seven ways the New Covenant is better than the Old Covenant.

  1. You have not come unto a mount that could be touched and that burned with fire, "but you are come unto mount Zion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem."
  2. You are come "To innumerable hosts of angels."
  3. You are come "To the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven."
  4. You are come "To God the Judge of all."
  5. You are come "To the spirits of just men made perfect." "And to the spirits of the righteous made perfect" (New Revised Standard Version).
  6. You are come "To Jesus the mediator of a new covenant."
  7. You are come "To the blood of sprinkling that speaks better than that of Abel."

     If the "spirits" of the just dead were now in Heaven, the just dead under both the Old and New Covenants would be in Heaven and would not prove the New Covenant to be better than the Old Covenant. It would be out of place in this list of ways the New Covenant is better than the Old Covenant. Those who believe all, the saved and the lost, have souls that are now immortal believe they were just as immortal under the Law as they now are under the New Covenant, therefore, it would not be a way the New Covenant is better than the Old.

     When and how are the spirits of just man made perfect? "The spirits of just men made perfect" refers to men made perfect by having their sins washed away by the blood of Christ. We have had our sins washed away and have come to have fellowship with others who have been made perfect by having their sins washed away.

     Adam Clarke in his Commentary on Hebrews 12:23: "In several parts of this epistle teleiov, the just man, signifies one who has a full knowledge of the Christian system, who is justified and saved by Christ Jesus; and the teteleiwnemoi are the adult Christians, who are opposed to the nhpioi or babes in knowledge and grace...The spirits of the just men made perfect, or the righteous perfect, are the full grown Christians; those who are justified by the blood and sanctified by the Spirit of Christ. Being come to such, implies that spiritual union which the disciples of Christ have with each other, and which they possess how far so ever separate; for they are all joined in one spirit, #Eph 2:18; they are in the unity of the spirit, #Eph 4:3, 4; and of one soul, #Ac 4:32. This is a unity which was never possessed even by the Jews themselves in their best state; it is peculiar to real Christianity: (See Heb 12:29)."

      There is no way we could have come to the "spirits" of those in Heaven; if they were in Heaven, they would be beyond our reach unto we are in Heaven with them. We would not have come to them.

     "And to the spirits of the righteous made perfect" (New Revised Standard Version). If disembodied spirits were in Heaven and in any way we had fellowship or communication with us it would prove Spiritualism, which is forbidden by God. Most all who uses this to prove we now have an immortal soul do not believe we have any communication with the dead if they are in Heaven, Hell, the grave, or any other place; therefore, they do not believe we could have came unto them, but they are desperately looking for any passage to prove we now have an immaterial, immortal soul in us and take "And to the spirits of the righteous made perfect" out of itÕs contexts.

     When this is used to prove that after death we have a  ÒsoulÓ that is alive and made perfect, it makes the judgment and resurrection be 100% totally useless. The Òmade perfectÓ in Hebrews 12:23 is something that had happened at the time Paul said this, not something that will not happen unto after the resurrection.

á          ÒTo the spirits of just men made perfect (telioo)Ó (Hebrews 12:23).

á          ÒHerein is our love made perfect (telioo)Ó (1 John 4:17).

á          ÒHe that fears is not made perfect (telioo) in loveÓ (1 John 4:18).

á          ÒAnd by works was faith made perfect (telioo)Ó (James 2:22).

o     Made perfect is not used to mean we have no sins or cannot sin.

(8) W. E. VINEÕS EIGHT PASSAGE

To prove the SPIRIT is now immortal: 1 Peter 4:6

 ÒFor unto this end was the gospel preached (past tense) even to the dead (present tense), that they might be judged indeed according to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spiritÓ The question is (1) who were the dead (2) and when was the gospel preached to them?

     Two views of who were the dead that had had the Gospel preached to them.

(1) Christians that were alive when the gospel was preached to them but had died at the time Peter was writing this. They were alive in the flesh at the time the gospel was preached to them and they believed, but they were dead (asleep in Christ) at the time Peter wrote this. See 1 Corinthians 15:12-28.

(2) Those who Òwere dead in your trespasses and sinsÓ (Ephesians 2:1) before the gospel was preached to them. The Gospel was preached to them when they were dead through their trespasses and sins (past tense) so that they may live (present tense).

á          ÒAnd you did he make alive, when you were dead through your trespasses and sinsÓ (Ephesians 2:1).

á          ÒHe that hears my word, and believes him that sent me, has eternal life, and has passed out of death into lifeÓ (John 5:24).

Nothing is said about any preaching to any one after they were physically dead or preaching to souls or spirits. The Gospel is preached to save; Peter is not saying salvation is being offered to anyone after they are dead, or that the gospel was preached to anyone after their death.

SPIRIT IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

     Spirit is translated from the Greek word pnuma. It is the same as ruach in the Old Testament.

á          ÒThe Spirit (ruach) of the Lord God is upon meÓ (Isaiah 61:1).

á          ÒThe Spirit (pnuma) of the Lord is upon MeÓ (Luke 4:18).

GOD IS SPIRIT

ÒGod is spirit (pnuma)Ó (John 4:24)

THE HOLY SPIRIT

He is spoken of as a distinct person (John 14:26; 15:26; Luke 3:22), a heavenly being; therefore, spirit as is God the Father.

JESUS CHRIST

Before He took on the form of man He was with the Father (John 1:1-17) ÒFor a little while lower than the angelsÓ (Hebrews 2:7). After His resurrection He is now in Heaven, a heavenly being, as the Father and the Holy Spirit (Hebrew 1:1-14) as He was before He took on the form of man.

ANGELS

ÒAre they (angels) not all ministering spirits (pnuma)Ó (Hebrews 1:14).  ÒWho makes his angels spirits (ruach)Ó (Psalm 104:4).

DEMONS

ÒA woman, whose little daughter had an unclean spirit (pnuma)Ó (Mark 7:25).

MANKIND

     Mankind are being of this earth, not heavenly spirit being; we are now in the image of Adam and will not be in the image of Christ unto the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:42-49). No one in the image of Adam (no one who flesh and blood) is ever said to be spirit. God, Christ, the Holy Spirit, angels, and demons are spirits, but men are never called spirits in the Bible and will not be spirits unto after the resurrection and judgment. Campbell said, ÒNow, as God is spirit, and as man was made in his image, he too must have a spirit,Ó Popular Lectures And Addresser,Ó page 429. He changes from God being a spirit to mankind having a spirit, to mankind being both an earthly being with a heavenly being at the same time. God does not have a spirit; God is a spirit.

á          ÒFor in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heavenÓ (Matthew 22:30); now mankind are not like angels, not spirit being as angels now are, but are now earthly being. Not unto after the resurrection will any one be Òas angels in heavenÓ

1.       ÒA spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I haveÓ (Luke 24:39). At the time Christ said this He was in the form of man (Philippians 2:6-11).

2.       The natural body we now have will be raised a spiritual body (1 Corinthians 15:42-45). (Matthew 22:30).

How spirit-ruach is used in the New Testament. W. E. Vine, ÒVineÕs Complete Expository Dictionary,Ó page 593. When ÒspiritÓ is used in regard to a person it has reference to attitude, behavior, thinking, disposition, mood, courage, or temperament. As Òa happy disposition,Ó Ògood attitudeÓ or Òbad mood.Ó

says spirit-pnuma when it used in regard to man:

1.        (f) The sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflects, feels, desire, Matt. 5:3; 26:41; Mark 2:8; Luke 1:47, 80; Acts 17:16; 20:22; 1 Cor. 2:11; 5:3, 4; 14: 4, 15; 2Cor. 7:l; cf. Gen. 26:35; Isa. 26:9; Ezek. 13:3 Dan. 7:15.

2.        (g) Purpose, aim, 2 Cor. 12:8; Phil. 1:27; Eph. 4:23; Rev. 19:10; cf. Ezra 1:5; Ps 78:8; Dan. 5:12.

3.        (g) Character, Luke 1:17; Rom. 1:4; cf. Num. 14:24.

4.        (j) Moral qualities and activities:

a.        Bad, as of bondage, as of a slave, Rom 8:15; cf. Isa. 61:3.

b.        Stupor, Rom. 11:8; cf. Isa 2910.

c.        Timidity, 2 Tim. 1:7; cf. Josh. 5:1.

d.        Good, as of adoption, i.e.

                                                                       i.       Liberty as of a son, Rom 8:15; cf. Ps 51:12.

                                                                      ii.       Meekness, 1 Cor. 4:21; cf. Prov. 16:19.

                                                                    iii.       Faith, 2 Cor. 5:13.

                                                                    iv.       Quietness, 1 Pet. 3:4; cf. Prov.14:29.

None of these says a person is a spirit being, but have reference to attitude or behavior of the person.

How spirit-ruach is used in the Old Testament. W. E. Vine, ÒVineÕs Complete Expository Dictionary,Ó pages 240-241.

á          A manÕs mind-set, disposition, or ÒtemperÓ: ÒBlessed is the man unto whom the Lord imputeth not iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no guileÓ (Ps. 32:2). In Ezek. 13:3 the word is used of oneÕs mind or thinking: ÒWoe unto the foolish prophets, that follow their own spirit, and have seen nothingÓ (cf. Prov. 29:11).

á          Ruach can represent particular dispositions, as it does in Josh. 2:11: ÒAnd as soon as we had heard this things, out hearts did melt, neither did there remain any more courage in any man, because of youÉÓ (cf. Josh. 5:1; Job 15:12).

á          Another disposition represented by this word is ÒtemperÓ: ÒIf the spirit (temper) of the ruler rise up against thee, leave not thy placeÉÓ (Eccl. 10:4). David prayed that God would Òrestore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with the free SpiritÓ (Ps. 51:12). In this verse Òjoy of salvationÓ and Òfree SpiritÓ are parallel and; therefore, synonymous terms. Therefore, ÒspiritÓ refers to oneÕs inner disposition, just as ÒjoyÓ refers to an inner emotion.

Just as in the New Testament, when spirit is used in reference to a person, it is the disposition of the persons mind or thinking.

     Passages which speak or mood, an attitude, frame of mind, behavior, thinking, disposition, courage, or temperament of a mortal person(s) in this life time, feeling that we can and do know about, not an immortal separate conscious entity that we have no way of knowing if it was troubled, stirred, fervent, or no way of knowing anything about it feeling or even if it has feeling.

á          ÒHe was troubled in spirit (pnuma)Ó (John 13:21)

o     ÒJesus was deeply troubledÓ New International Version

á          ÒThe wisdom and the spirit (pnuma) by whichÉÓ (Acts 6:10)

á          ÒHis spirit (pnuma) was stirred in himÓ (Acts 17:16)

o     ÒHe was greatly distressedÓ New International Version

á          ÒPaul was pressed in the spirit (pnuma)Ó (Acts 18:5)

á          ÒBeing fervent in the spirit (pnuma)Ó (Acts 18:25)

o     ÒHe spoke with great fervorÓ New International Version

á          ÒPaul purposed in the spirit (pnuma)Ó (Acts 19:21)

o     ÒPaul made up his mindÓ TodayÕs English Version

á          ÒWhom I serve with my spirit (pnuma)Ó (Romans 1:9)

o     ÒWhom I serve with my whole heartÓ New International Version

á          ÒBut to be spiritually (pnuma) minded is life and peaceÓ (Romans 8:6)

á          ÒThe spirit (pnuma) of bondageÉthe spirit (pnuma) of adoptionÓ (Romans 8:15)

á          ÒGiven then the spirit (pnuma) of slumberÓ (Romans 11:8)

á          ÒFervent in spirit (pnuma)Ó (Romans12:11)

á          ÒNot the spirit (pnuma) of the worldÓ (1 Corinthians 2:12)

á          ÒIn the spirit (pnuma) of meeknessÓ (1 Corinthians 4:21)

o     ÒWith a gentle spiritÓ New International Version

o     ÒA heart of love and gentlenessÓ TodayÕs English Version

á          ÒBeing absent in body but present in spirit (pnuma)Ó (1 Corinthians 5:3)

á          ÒThey have refreshed my spirit (pnuma)Ó (1 Corinthians 16:18)

á          ÒI had no rest in my spirit (pnuma)Ó (2 Corinthians 2:13)

o     ÒI still had no peace of mindÓ New International Version

á          ÒWe having the same spirit (pnuma) of faithÓ (2 Corinthians 4:13)

á          ÒBecause his spirit (pnuma) was refreshedÓ (2 Corinthians 7:13)

o     ÒBy all this we are encouragedÓ New International Version

á          ÒWalked we not in the same spirit (pnuma) (Corinthians 12:18)

á          ÒGive unto you the spirit of wisdomÓ (Ephesians 1:17)

á          ÒBe renewed in the spirit (pnuma) of your mindÓ (Ephesians 4:23)

o     ÒTo be made new in the attitude of your mindsÓ New International Version

á          ÒThat you stand fast in one spirit (pnuma)Ó (Philippians 1:27)

á          ÒGod has not given us the spirit (pnuma) of fearÓ (2 Timothy 1:7)

á          ÒOf a meek and quiet spirit (pnuma)Ó (1 Peter 3:4)

á          ÒFor the spirit of glory (pnuma)Ó (1 Peter 4:14)

á          ÒThe spirit (pnuma) of truth, and the spirit (pnuma) of errorÓ (1 John 4:6)

THE GREAT CONFUSION: Soul or spirit or both?

Two terms that comes from different words

And are not used interchangeable in the Bible

Vine says they are not the samething

But both are an Òimmaterial, invisible part of manÓ

     Does a person have an immortal soul or an immortal spirit that is not subject to death and that has eternal life without the resurrection? How many immortal parts does a person have? If two, a soul and a spirit, will both of the immortal parts of a person always exist as two independent and separate beings? If one, which is the immortal part of a person, the soul, or the spirit? Vine says they are different, "Generally speaking the spirit is the higher, the soul the lower element" (Page 589); yet he says both are "the immaterial, invisible part of man" (soul on page 588 and spirit on page 593). Vine said we have both a higher and a lower " immaterial, invisible part of man."

     Those who believe all mankind have an Òimmaterial, invisible part of man" do not seem to know whether it is the "soul" or the "spirit" that is the "immaterial, invisible part of man" that will live without the earthly body. When preachers preach on the soul being immortal, they use passages that speak of the spirit but say nothing about a soul. There is much confusion on what part of a person is immortal and will it be the soul or the spirit that will be in Heaven.

     MANY USE SOUL AND SPIRIT INTERCHANGEABLY. For their belief, the soul and the spirit must be the same. If they were not, they would be forced to say one or the other is the immortal part of a person, or that a person has two immortal beings inside of them. When I believed in Hell I could not see there being a separate immortal soul and immortal spirit; I used them interchangeably just as most do now without realizing it. When some read the spirit goes back to God, in their mind they see an immortal soul going back to God. Those who believe the soul will take up permanent residence in Heaven at the moment of death, and many who believe the soul is in Abraham's bosom and will not be in Heaven unto the judgment day both use Ecclesiastes 12:7 to prove the soul (the "immaterial, invisible part of man") goes back to God in Heaven at death. How could the spirit (the other "immaterial, invisible part of man" that is immortal part of a person) return unto God at death if it goes to Abraham's bosom or if the soul of many go to Hell? I have continually been told for years that lost souls go to Hell at the moment of death. Then how could the soul return to God if it goes to Hell and only the few souls that are saved will go to Heaven at the moment of death? How can they not see that they are saying the soul goes to one place and at the same time they are saying the soul goes to another place?

     After Christ had been dead for three days and after His resurrection He said, "Touch me not for I have not yet ascended to my father" (John 20:17). Many say Christ went to an intermediate place where souls go before the resurrection but not to Heaven. If there were such an intermediate place, then the soul or the spirit does not return to God at death. One position is taken on one passage, and then the same persons shifts to another position on another passage and are continually shifting their position.

SOUL OR SPIRIT, WHICH ONE IS IMMORTAL?

     Any time 1 Thessalonians 5:23, Hebrews 4:12, etc., comes up in a Bible class, the teacher has the same problem, the same confusion. What is the difference in soul and spirit? Which one is immortal? Many never seem to be quite sure which of the two, the soul, or the spirit they believe to be immortal and not sure if they are the same, or if they are two entirely different parts of a person. 1 Thessalonians 5:23 does not say what the functions of the body, soul, or spirit is and what becomes of them at death. It does not say one is mortal and two of them are immortal and will forever live somewhere. This must be read into it. Whatever Paul means by the use of the word ÒpreservedÓ it is apply equally to body, soul, and spirit, the body is ÒpreservedÓ just as the soul and spirit are ÒpreservedÓ; it cannot mean one is immortal and another is not immortal. He said, ÒThe Lord shall deliver me from every evil work, and will preserve me unto His heavenly kingdomÓ (2 Timothy 4:18 King James Version). It is the whole Paul (ÒmeÓ) that will be preserved, not just a part of a person, not just a part of Paul, but his whole being.

á          There is nothing about any part of a person now being immortal in it.

á          There is nothing about Hell after the judgment in it. This also must be read into it.

SPIRIT HAS TAKEN THE PLACE THAT SOUL DID HAVE

     Many that not long ago believe the soul was the immortal part of man now say not so, the soul is not immortal but the spirit is. One of the many examples that could be given is, ÒWhat happens to you when you die?Ó by La Vista Church of Christ at: http://lavistaachurchofchrist.org/LVanswer/2004/2004-07-20.htm. If you, as many in the LordÕs church have, change the part of a person they say is immortal from the ÒsoulÓ to the Òspirit,Ó have they did anymore than change the name of the part of a person they believe is now immortal? Are you not saying we now have immortality and Paul was wrong? Are they saying, ÒO. K. we were wrong when we taught the pagan doctrine of an immortal soul, but we are not going to give it up for then we would have to give up eternal torment, we will change from an Òimmortal soulÓ to an Òimmortal spirit.Ó Have they not always believed in both an Òimmortal soulÓ and an Òimmortal spiritÓ?

     Those who say the "spirit" is the "immaterial, invisible part of man" that is immortal must stop using passages speak of the "soul" to prove the spirit is immortal if soul and spirit ore not the samething. "The spirit returns to God" cannot be used to prove the soul is immortal if they are not the same; however, many do use this passage to prove a person has an immortal soul. "Fear him who is able to destroy both soul and body in Gehenna" cannot be used to prove the spirit is immortal if they are not both the same the "immaterial, invisible part of man" that is immortal, but many do use one to prove the other, then will use the other to prove the first. Is this what is called "reasoning in a circle"?

á          Passages, which have "spirit" in them but are used to prove a person has an immortal soul.

á          Passages, which have "soul" in them but are used to prove a person has an immortal spirit.

     Body, soul-life, and spirit all are a person as he is now in the image of Adam. All three terms, body, soul, and spirit are used referring to a living person at the same time. They are not three parts that can exist without each other. If they were, a person would have two separate immortal beings in Heaven simultaneously. They are not three separate beings with opposite natures, with two living within the other one.

     Paul does not say may your soul be preserved blameless without your body or spirit. He puts the three together as being inseparable, the whole person, not three separate parts of a person.

     Mark 12:30 "And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul (psukee – life), and with all your mind, and with all your strength

  1. With all your heart
  2. With all your soul (psukee – life)
  3. With all your mind
  4. With all your strength.

     What Jesus is saying is that we are to love God with all our being, not some immaterial invisible no substance something that we would have no control over and no way to know whether it loved God or not. I can know I love God with all my heart and with all my mind, but if there were an immaterial invisible no substance being in me that will live after my death, I would have no way to know whether it loved God or not. The psukee is no more a part of a person that lives after the death of the person than the heart, mind or strength will live after death. All four are a person looked at from different points of view while the person is living, not four parts of a person.

     Hebrews 4:12: "For the word of God is living, and active, and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing even to the dividing of soul and spirit, of both joints and marrow, and quick to discern the thoughts and intents of the heart."

  1. Dividing of soul and spirit
  2. Dividing of both joints and marrow
  3. Dividing of the thoughts and intents of the heart

     This passage shows that the soul and spirit are different things and can be divided, but there is nothing in it that says the soul, or the spirit is an immortal part of a person that will exist without the person.

     Unlike animals, God made man in His image with the potential of living forever. The spirit (ruach-spirit, breath, wind), of both man and animals returns to God, but one of the differences in persons and animals is that animals will not be raised from the dead. They are forever dead, just as a person would be if there were not going to be a resurrection. After death animals will never again have life just as the loss will never again have life after the second death. Death is death for both men and animals. Death is not death for animals and another kind of life for men; it is death for both. The second death will be death, not another kind of life that will go on forever.

     There are more than 1,600 references to soul and spirit in the Bible but not a one of them says anything about the soul or spirit living without the body yet many who say they teach only the Bible teach it all the time.

      "May your spirit and soul and body be preserved entire, (may the whole person, not just an invisible no substance part of a person) without blame at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ."

á          Spirit preserved entire, when, Òat the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.Ó

á          Soul preserved entire, when, Òat the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.Ó

á          Body preserved entire, when, Òat the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.Ó

o     This is speaking of the whole person being preserved when Òthis mortal must put on immortalityÓ  (1 Corinthians 15:53), a spiritual being with a spiritual body when mortal earthly body of flesh and blood will not be preserved.

     "Blessed are the poor in spirit (pneuma)" (Matthew 5:3). Are they poor in a no substance immortal spirit? Spirit and soul are not used interchangeably, and a passage that has one in it cannot be used to prove anything about the other one as many do today. Body, soul, spirit: The whole man of Genesis 2:7 and 1 Thessalonians 5:23 "And Jehovah God formed man of the dust of the ground (body), and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life (spirit); and man became a living being (soul)." Body + the breath of life (spirit) = soul-a living being.

PASSAGES IN WHICH "SPIRIT" (pneuma)

IS USED BY MANY AS IF IT IS THE SAME AS "SOUL" (psukee)

     Not one time is any part of a person said to have an existence after death or to be able to function without the body neither before or after the resurrection.

(1). THE SPIRITS IN PRISON 1 Peter 3:18-20

     Most who uses this to prove the "spirit" is immortal believe the Protestant version that lost souls go to Hell instantaneous at death; therefore, to them these disobedient spirits that were destroyed in the time of Noah for being disobedient were not destroyed but are now being tormented in Hell. If they were in Hell why did Christ go to these disobedient spirits?

     (1) For what purpose would Christ go into Hell and preach to only some that were there? To save them; can those in Hell ever be saved? The very ones who believe there is a Hell and use this passage to prove the souls of the lost are alive in Hell before the resurrection and before they are judged also says no that once a person is in Hell he or she can never get out, can never be saved. Most Protestants reject the doctrine of Purgatory and say there is no chance of salvation after death.

     (2) What message would He take them that can never get out of Hell; the time when they could be saved was past; therefore, the Gospel would do them no good? Would He go to raise a hope of release that could never be, or to taunt them?

     (3) It would mean that Christ was alive in the three days from His death unto His resurrection; therefore, He was never dead and could not have been raised from the dead. Any interpretation that requires that Jesus did not really die on the cross completely destroys His sacrificial death and resurrection.

     (4) It would mean that Christ did not die for our sins; therefore, we are still in our sins. If a soul is immortal and cannot die, Christ gave only His earthly body for our sins. He was as much alive in the three days His earthly body was in the grave as He was before He came to earth and as He was after the resurrection of His earthly body. Therefore, Christ could not have died for our sins if he were never dead. If only His earthly body were dead, then He was the same "spiritual being" with all the power and glory in the three days His body was in the grave that He is now, or had before He came to earth. There would have been no difference in Christ (1) when only His earthly body was in the grave (2) than there is now when He is in Heaven, (3) or in the time before He came to earth. If His death were not a real death, than what did God gave when He gives His only Son? Just one human body for three days. Nothing more. According to today's teaching there was no real sacrifice by God or Christ, no real death or resurrection as He was not really and in truth dead. Nevertheless, He said, "I am he that lives, and was dead" (Revelation 1:18). ÒI lay down My life so that I may take it again. No one has taken it away from Me, but I lay it down on My own initiative I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up againÓ (John 10:17-18). If Christ was alive in the time before His resurrection, how could He say, ÒI lay down my lifeÓ when there was never a time He did not have life? If He were alive it would mean that Jesus did not pour Òout His life unto deathÓ (Isaiah 53:12). ÒPoured out Himself to deathÓ New American Standard Bible. Death is the punishment for sin; a loss of life was the penalty that Christ paid, not eternal life in torment.

     (5) That those who were disobedient in the days of Noah were more important than all others who were disobedient, and that Christ went into Hell to preach unto them for those that say the soul is immortal and does not die, say the lost go directly to "Hell" at death; therefore, Christ had to go into "Hell" to preach to them.

     (6) That these may have been given a second chance after death but all others will not be.

     (7) That God is a respecter of persons giving some a second chance, but not to all.

     (8) ÒBy whichÓ must be changed to Òwhile He was dead.Ó

     (9) It would be a contradiction to the traditional theology of today that says Christ went to Heaven and took the theft with Him at the time of His death; a contradiction to the traditional theology that at the moment of death the immortal spirit returns to God.

     (10) Death is repeatedly pictured as being sleep. Christ is Òthe first fruits of those who are asleepÓ (1 Corinthians 15:20). If He was never dead He could not be Òthe first fruits of those who are asleep.Ó If He was asleep He could not have been awake and preached to anybody in the three days He was asleep. If He was Òthe first fruits of those who are asleepÓ He was not awake in Heaven in the time He was Òasleep,Ó He did not ascend into Heaven unto after His resurrection (John 20:17), after His sleep in the grave. His death and resurrection was a pattern of the coming resurrection of those that are saved, they are now asleep and will not ascend into Heaven unto their resurrection. ÒThe hour is coming in which all that are in the tombs shall hear his voice, and shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil unto the resurrection of judgmentÓ (John 5:28-29).

     "Put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit" (1 Peter 3:18). Notice carefully what is said. This passage is used to prove there is an immoral spirit in all that can never die.

á          If it were speaking of an immoral spirit, that immortal spirit was "made alive," therefore that immortal soul had to be dead, if it was not dead it could not be Òmade Alive.Ó

á          If "made alive in the spirit" was not the resurrection of Christ, then the very thing they are trying to prove is that the spirit cannot die, nevertheless, the deathless spirit was dead and was "made alive."

á          If Christ was alive and never dead, He could not have been "made alive," but would have been "kept alive" or "preserved alive" and there could have been no resurrection. Made alive: "Quickened by the spirit" King James Version. "Made alive by the spirit" New King James Version. Strong's word #2227 "made alive, give life, quicken."

o     Christ said of Himself that He Òwas dead, and behold, I am alive forevermoreÓ (Revelation 1:18).

o      ÒThey will kill Him, and He will be raised on the third dayÓ (Matthew 17:23).

o     ÒThe Son of Man is to be delivered into the hands of men, and they will kill Him; and when He has been killed, He will rise three days laterÓ (Mark 9:31).

á          If Christ did not actually die, to say He was not really dead for the three days He was in the grave is to deny both that He died and that He was raised from the dead; this would take away all hope and possibility of being saved. Satan has done his work well.

o     If Christ was not actually dead no ransom was paid (Matthew 20:28).

o     If Christ was not actually dead sins were not taken away (John 1:29).

If this preaching were by Christ in person, not by Christ through Noah, then the order was:

  1. Put to death
  2. Quickened or made alive-His resurrection
  3. Preached to the spirits in prison after His resurrection. Therefore, the preaching would have been done after His resurrection, not before and would not prove that His "soul" was alive in the three days before He was quickened or made alive.

To fit with today's theology Peter's order must be changed to:

  1. Put to death.
  2. Preached to the spirits in prison in the three days before He was Òmade alive,Ó before His resurrection.
  3. Quickened or Òmade aliveÓ - His resurrection was after He had preached to the spirits in prison.

     The reason this passage is used is to prove His soul was alive before His resurrection that it was never dead, but they must change it and make it say Christ did the preaching after His death and before His resurrection. If they do not change it, it does not prove what they want it to. If this preaching were by Christ during the three days He was in the grave, and if the prison were somewhere other than Hell it would prove that there is somewhere like the Catholic Purgatory but only for a few of the lost would be in it, but that most are not in it for those who are using this to prove the soul is immortal believe all the lost are in Hell.

     When was this preaching done? In the days of Noah, or in the three days Christ was in the grave? This is the whole question, was it:

(1) After they were dead and in Hell when they could not be saved? Those who believe the soul of the lost is transported instantly into Hell at death do not believe any that are in Hell can be saved. According to their belief, all go to Heaven or Hell at the moment of death; therefore, if Christ went and preached to them in the three days He was in the grave, He would have had to preach to them either in Heaven or Hell. Why would He go to Hell and preach to those who could not be saved? Why do they use this verve? Is it not because they are desperate for any verse that will prove their immortal soul that they will give a few a second chance after death to be taken out of Hell if it would prove a part of a person is now immortal? If Christ went and preached to them in the three days He was in the grave, Òby whichÓ must be change to Òwhile He was in the grave but not dead.Ó

(2) Or was it when they were alive and could be benefited by the preaching? Adam Clarke said He went and preached by Noah for one hundred and twenty years. The preaching was done in the days of Noah through Noah, a preacher of righteousness (2 Peter 2:5), not after the death of Christ. Noah warned them of the destruction to come if they did not repent. How were they in prison? "His servants you are whom you obey" (Romans 6:16). "For of whom a man is overcome, by this he is enslaved" (2 Peter 19). "To open blind eyes, to bring out prisoners from the dungeon, and those who dwell in darkness from the prison" (Isaiah 42:7; also Isaiah 61:1; Psalm 142:7; Luke 4:18; John 8:34-45). Those who obey Satan are in prison to him. Those who would not hear Christ preaching through Noah were in prison to Satan. "For we also once were...enslaved to various lusts and pleasures" (Titus 3:3). "For of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he also brought into bondage" (2 Peter 2:19).

     "Then certain of the scribes and Pharisees answered him, saying, Teacher, we would see a sign from you. But he answered and said unto them, an evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign; and shall no sign be given to it but the sign of Jonah the prophet: for as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the whale; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth" (Matthew 12:38-40). If Jesus were in the earth, the grave, from His death to His resurrection, how could He have gone to "Hell" and preached to those in it? I do not think anyone believes "Hell" is in the grave, but the grave is where Jesus was at onto His resurrection.

     Adam Clarke: ÒÔHe went and preachedÕ by the ministry of Noah, one hundred and twenty years. Unto the spirits in prison. The inhabitants of the antediluvian world, who, having been disobedient, and convicted of the most flagrant transgressions against God, were sentenced by his just law to destruction. But their punishment was delayed to see if they would repent; and the long-suffering of God waited one hundred and twenty years, which were granted to them for this purpose; during which time, as criminals tried and convicted, they are represented as being in prison - detained under the arrest of Divine justice, which waited either for their repentance or the expiration of the respite, that the punishment pronounced might be inflictedÓ ClarkeÕs Commentary on 1 Peter 3:18-20.

     Dillard Thurman: ÒI have heard funeral orations extol the happiness and bliss the departed has instantly with death; but on checking the New Testament assiduously, I have yet to find a single promise where the dead go to heaven on instant pass, or have immediate conscious happiness.Ó Gospel Minutes April 2, 1990, "Notice carefully what is said. Jesus was put to death in the flesh, and died like any mortal man. But He was quickened, or made alive by the Spirit. By what Spirit? By the same Spirit by which He once preached to spirits imprisoned by sin and Satan in the days of Noah! When did this happen? The passage plainly states it: 'When once the long-suffering of God waited in the days of Noah.' The word 'when' is an adverb of time that tells when the action took place: in the days of Noah! The idea of the Son of God being off on a preaching junket for the three days and nights that His body was in the tomb is utterly foreign to any Bible teaching! If false doctrines had not first brought forth this fanciful idea, this passage would not have been twisted to support the error." Gospel Minutes, Volume 34, Number 5, February 1, 1985, West Freeway church of Christ.

PASSAGES IN WHICH "SOUL" (psukee)

IS USED AS IF IT IS THE SAME AS "SPIRIT" (pneuma)

(1). LOSING LIFE (SOUL) or SAVING LIFE (SOUL)

Matthew 16:26; Mark 8:37

     Those who believe the soul to be immortal and cannot die also believe it is the soul that must be saved or lost. To them, to lose your soul means you will go to Hell; therefore, to "lose his soul (psukee) for my sake" means going to Hell for Christ. Their own definition of "lose his soul" is going to Hell. Do they think anyone will go to Hell for Christ's sake? If "psukee" means an immortal something in a person that will live forever in Heaven or Hell and a person loses their soul (psukee) for Christ, going to Hell for Him would be just what this passage would say they would do. Back when I believed all the lost would be eternality tormented in Hell by God, this passage was a problem to me; I believed, as many do, to lose your soul meant you would go to Hell, but the King James Version undeniable says (1) if your soul went to Hell for Christ you would save your soul, (2) and that we are to hate our immortal soul.

     BY TODAY'S THEOLOGY DOES LOSING THE SOUL SAVE IT? Christ said, "For whosoever would save his psukee (soul or life) shall lose it: and whosoever shall lose his psukee (soul-life) for my sake shall find it. For what shall a man be profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and forfeit his psukee (soul-life)? Or what shall a man give in exchange for his psukee (soul-life)?" To lose ones life for Christ's sake is to lose it because of being faithful to Christ, and many did lose their life in the first century. Those who lose there life for Christ will find eternal life at the judgment. But, if psukee is an immortal soul, will some lose their immortal soul because they are faithful to Christ? In today's theology, "save the soul" is to save it from Hell, and "lose the soul" is to lose it in Hell. When this passage is used to prove a person has an immortal "immaterial, invisible part of man" that will never die, it makes Christ say:

  1. "Whosoever would save his immaterial invisible immoral soul from Hell will lose his immaterial invisible immoral soul in Hell."
  2. "Whosoever would lose his immaterial invisible immoral soul in Hell will save his immaterial invisible immoral soul from Hell."

     Those who say the soul is immortal also say we lose it when we sin, and save it when we obey Christ. If they were right, the only way we could lose our souls for Christ's sake would be for us to sin. According to them the only possible way to lose our "immortal soul" is to sin; then did Christ say we were to sin to save our soul? No, it is life some would lose because they will not sin and are faithful to Christ, not lose some immaterial, invisible immortal part of them selves because they do sin and are not faithful to Christ. The promise that the psukee (soul-life) will be saved when it is sacrificed for Christ makes no sense if the soul is some "immaterial, invisible" undying part of a person. How could we lose Òour soulÓ for Christ's sake? "He that loves his psukee (life) loses it; and he that hates his psukee (life) in this world shall keep it unto life eternal" (John 12:25). How do they think a person could lose the only part of his or her self that they say cannot die? When a person has sinned and "lost his soul," does that person have a living body with no soul in it? Christ was saying that gaining much would profit us nothing if we lose our life-our very existence. All who die without being in Christ have lost their psukee (life), they will not put on immortality at the resurrection; they will not have eternal life in Heaven. After the judgment and second death, they will have lost their very existence.

á          The same thing that is saved is the same thing that will be lost.

á          The person who saves his life by denying Christ.

á          Will lose the same thing, his life at the judgment.

á          It is not the soul that is saved by denying Christ but life on earth.

á          It is not the soul that will be lost at the judgment but life in Heaven.

á          John 12:25 said the same, "He that loves his life (soul-psukee) shall lose it; and he that hates his life (soul-psukee) in this world, shall keep it unto life eternal."

     Those who do not obey Christ shall lose the very thing that is saved by those who do obey Him-life; the lost shall die and the saved shall live. No doctrine of the Bible is more plain than the loss of life in this passage is the lost of our earthly life because of being faithful to Christ, not eternal life with torment for the sinner; finding life is to find eternal life at the resurrection, and the person that saves his earthly life (psukee) by denying Christ will lose his life at the judgment.

     Epaphroditus hazarded "his psukee (life)" (Philippians 2:30). Judas and Silas have "hazarded their psukee (lives) for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ" (Acts 15:26-27). They could put their life in danger for the sake of Christ. Many put their life in danger and lost their life for preaching Christ, but how could they risk an immortal part of a person that cannot die, and no man can see it or kill it? Paul says, "But I hold not my psukee (soul-life) of any account as dear unto myself" (Acts 20:24). If this psukee is an inter being which has immortality from our birth, Paul must not have thought it not to be of any account, or not worth much. Just as have been said about other passages, today's theology that says psukee means an "immaterial, invisible part of man" makes these passages be nonsense.

      Adam Clarke: "On what authority many have translated the word psukee in the twenty-fifth verse life, and in this verse (26) soul I know not; but I am certain it means life in both places."

(2). "WHAT SHALL A MAN GIVE (not sell)

IN EXCHANGE FOR HIS SOUL."

     Matthew 16:26; Mark 8:37 This passage is used to show that a person has an undying soul that is of more value than the entire world, but many will sell their psukee "soul" for very little. Does it teach this? The American Standard Version and most other translations, translates "psukee" into "life,'' not "soul" as the King James does. A man can give all he has to someone about to take his life to get that someone to let him live, but he could in no way give anything in exchange for an immortal inter part of himself which cannot die. Think about this; how could anyone buy or sell an "immaterial, invisible" immortal part of another person which he cannot see and it can never die? It would be impossible for anyone to give anything in exchange for it.

     "Or what shall a man give in exchange for his life?" When "psukee" is made to be an inter immortal part of a person that cannot die, then would not giving something in exchange for it be buying ones way into Heaven? Frequently, in sermons and invitations, I have heard "what would a man give in exchange for his life" changed to "what would a man sell his immortal soul for." To give something in exchange for something is to buy it, not sell it. "Give" (pay, to give money or something) is changed to "sell" (to take money). It is changed to say the opposite of what it does say to make it say what many want it to say. There is not one word in this verse about a person, or a part of a person being tormented forever. This passage is about how a man would pay all he has in exchange for a few more years of life, but would "forfeit his life" in Heaven in exchange for the pleasure of sin. The wages of sin is death (Romans 6:23). Do not take the pleasures of sin for a few years in exchange for your life in Heaven as many do. When it is translated right, as in the American Standard Version and many others, the word "soul" as it is used in today's theology is not in this verse.

(3). SOUL REQUIRED Luke 12:19-21

     "And I will say to my life (Greek psukee), life (psukee), you have much goods lain up for many years: take your ease, eat, drink, be merry. But, God said unto him, You foolish one, this night is your LIFE (psukee) required of YOU; and the things which you have prepared, whose shall they be? So is he that lies up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God." It is not eternal torment that will be required of them but life; life required of you, not life required of a soul. The New International Version reads, "And I'll say to myself (Greek psukee-life), 'you (Greek psukee-life) have plenty of good things laid up for many years. Take life easy; eat drink and be merry.' But, God said to him, 'You fool! This very night your life (Greek psukee) will be demanded from you. Then who will get what you have prepared for yourself?' This is how it will be with anyone whom stores up things for himself (puts the world ahead of God) but is not rich toward God." Those who believe souls are immortal use this to prove there will be life after death. They say this life must be from the time of death onward and never end, but it does not say either; life could not be required of a soul that has eternal life, of a soul that cannot not have life. There will be a resurrection and judgment of all, not just those in Christ. After the judgment, those who have laid up treasure for them self on earth, and are not rich toward God, their life will be required of them. Christ could not have said any plainer that life (not torment) would be required of those not rich toward God. It would make no sense if this psukee were an undying immortal soul. If a person had a soul that was deathless and will live forever how could life be required of that soul?

     "YOUR soul (life-psukee) required of YOU." Who is the "your" and "you"? They could not be the soul for then it would be saying the "soul" is required of the "soul." "Your" is the person whose life will be required. A Soul, as the word is used today, was never required of anyone. Psukee in the New Testament is never an undying "immaterial, invisible part of man." Life will be required of the sinner, not an undying soul.

(4). God is able to destroy both soul and body in Gehenna

Matthew 10:28, Luke 12:5

See Gehenna in chapter four, second occasion.

(5). Souls under the altar Revelation 6:9

See chapter eight, part three.

PASSAGES THAT DO NOT HAVE

"SPIRIT" OR "SOUL" IN THEM

BUT ARE USED TO PROVE A PERSON

NOW HAS AN IMMORTAL SPIRIT /SOUL.

     Some passages are said to "imply" that a person has an immortal soul/spirit but do not state it. This doctrine is based on what is thought to be implied, not on what is said; based only on the assumption that there is such a thing an immaterial invisible no substance something in mankind that is immortal.

(1). THE THIEF ON THE CROSS Luke 23:43

     Did the thief (1) know anything about the kingdom (2) and know that Christ was to be resurrected when at that time no others knew, that not even the twelve knew? From Matthew one to Acts two it was believed that the Christ was to restore the kingdom to Israel and sit on the throne of David and be a king on this earth.

     If this thief was not speaking of an earthly kingdom of Israel he would have had to know that Christ was going to be resurrected from the dead and then set up His kingdom when no one, not even the twelve know.

THE MOCKERY OF JESUS

     MOCKERY AT HIS TRIAL BEFORE PILATE "Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the palace, and gathered unto him the whole band. And they stripped him, and put on him a scarlet robe, and they platted a crown of thorns and put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand; and they kneeled down before him, and mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews! And they spat upon him, and took the reed and smote him on the head. And when they had mocked him, they took off from him the robe, and put on him his garments, and led him away to crucify him" (Matthew 27:27-30). "And the soldiers platted a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and arrayed him in a purple garment; and they came unto him, and said, Hail, King of the Jews! And they struck him with their hands" (John 19:2-3).

     The scarlet robe, crown of thorns, a reed in His hand and kneeling down before Him was mockery of His claim to be a king.

     "Now it was the Preparation of the Passover: it was about the sixth hour. And he said unto the Jews, Behold your King! They therefore cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him! Pilate said unto them, ÔShall I crucify your King?Õ The chief priests answered, ÔWe have no king but CaesarÕ" (John 18:14-15). Jesus was the king the Jews were looking for but He said, "My kingdom is not of this world" and when He did not restore the earthly kingdom to Israel as they thought their savior was going to do, they rejected Him and mocked Him.

     MOCKERY BY PILATE WHEN CHRIST WAS ON THE CROSS "And Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. And there was written, JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS. This title therefore read many of the Jews, for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city; and it was written in Hebrew, and in Latin, and in Greek. The chief priests of the Jews therefore said to Pilate, Write not, The King of the Jews; but that he said, I am King of the Jews. Pilate answered, ÔWhat I have written I have writtenÕ" (John 19:19-22). When Pilate put this on the cross of a man he did not think was a king or who would ever be a king, it was nothing but mockery by Pilate.

     MOCKERY BY THOSE THAT PASSED BY, THE CHIEF PRIESTS AND THE ROBBERS. Matthew 27:39-48 "And they that passed by railed on him, wagging their heads, and saying, You that destroyed the temple, and builds it in three days, save yourself: if you are the Son of God, come down from the cross. In like manner also the chief priests mocking him, with the scribes and elders, said, He saved others; himself he cannot save. He is the King of Israel; let him now come down from the cross, and we will believe on him. He trusted on God; let him deliver him now, if he desires him: for he said, I am the Son of God. And the robbers also that were crucified with him cast upon him the same reproach. Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour. And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani, that is, My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? And some of them stood there, when they heard it, said, ÔThis man calls Elijah.Õ And straightway one of them ran, and took a sponge, and filled it with vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink. And the rest said, Let be; let us see whether Elijah cometh to save him."

     Mark 15:29-32: "And they that passed by railed on him, wagging their heads, and saying, ha! You that destroys the temple, and builds it in three days, save yourself, and come down from the cross. In like manner also the chief priests mocking him among themselves with the scribes said, He saved others; himself he cannot save. Let the Christ, the King of Israel, now come down from the cross that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with him reproached him. And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour. And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? Which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, he calls Elijah. And one ran, and filling a sponge full of vinegar, put it on a reed, and gave him to drink, saying, Let be; let us see whether Elijah comes to take him down."

     THIS MOCKERY WAS OVER CHRIST CLAIMING TO BE KING BY:

  1. By the soldiers
  2. By Pilate
  3. By those that passed by
  4. By the chief priests and scribes
  5. By both robbers

     MOCKERY BY THE BOTH ROBBERS.  "And robbers also that were crucified with him cast upon him the same reproach" (Matthew 27:44). Matthew and Mark give no details of the mockery by both robbers saying only that they "cast upon him the same reproach." Luke tells how they "cast upon him the same reproach." Just as Pilate did not believe Jesus, who had never been king over any nation and was about to be put to death, was "THE KING OF THE JEWS," this robber did not believe the person being put to death with him would ever be a king and come into His kingdom. "And the people stood beholding. And the rulers also scoffed at him, saying, He saved others; let him save himself, if this is the Christ of God, his chosen. And the soldiers also mocked him, coming to him, offering him vinegar, and saying, ÔIf you are the King of the Jews, save yourselfÕ. And there was also a superscription over him, ÔTHIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWSÕ. And one of the malefactors that were hanged railed on him, saying, ÔAre not you the Christ? Save yourself and usÕ. But the other answered, and rebuking him said, ÔDo you not even fear God, seeing you are in the same condemnation? And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man has done nothing amissÕ. And he said, ÔJesus, remember me when you come into your kingdomÕ. And he said unto him, ÔTruly I say unto you, to-day you shall be with me in ParadiseÕÕ" (Luke 23:33-38).

WHAT DID THE THIEF ASK CHRIST TO DO?

     CHRIST DID NOT GO TO HEAVEN THAT DAY. When will anyone go to Heaven? Not unto after the judgment. We must wait for the resurrection and judgment before we will go to Heaven. Did Christ tell the theft that he would be in Heaven that day? Jesus did not go to paradise that day. He had said He would be in the heart of the earth (grave) for three days (Matthew 12:40); ÒFor as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the whale; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.Ó It was on Friday evening just before the beginning of the Sabbath day when Christ told the robber that he would be with Him in Paradise, but on Sunday morning He said, "Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended unto the Father" (John 20:17). Paul said Christ died, was buried, and was raised on the third day (1 Corinthians 15:3-4; see Matthew 12:40). He was dead and in the grave unto the third day when the Father raised Him. If Christ was alive and went to Heaven the day He died, what was His resurrection on the third day? It would be nothing but mockery to say He was raised from the dead when He was alive in Heaven. Christ said, "No one has ascended into heaven, but He who descended from heaven, even the Son of Man" (John 3:13). If Moses did not ascend into Heaven at his death and had not ascended at the time Christ spoke this, how did the robber ascend to Heaven if Moses and David did not? In an attempt to make a passage say someone went to Heaven at death the thief has been made to be better than Moses and David? Where was Christ from His death to His resurrection? "He foreseeing this spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that neither was he left unto Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. This Jesus did God raise up" (Acts 2:31-32). This is from Psalm 16:10, "Because you will not abandon me to the grave (sheol)" New International Version.

     WHICH WAY DO THEY SEND CHRIST? The advocates of an immortal soul say Christ went both up and down at His death.

     WHAT IS NOT SAID:

á          Nothing is said about the robber believing after he had "reproached him." This is added by those who say they do not believe in adding to the word of God. I have been told the robber "could have" heard Christ before this. If he did, he did not believe for he was still a robber and even after he was on the cross he mocked Christ ("reproached him"). He may have been one of the many that could have heard Christ before this, but if he had heard Christ he did not believe for both robbers were some of the many who mocked Christ. Anyone can prove anything that they want to with a "could have."

á          Nothing is said about an immortal soul that would depart from his body and would live on after the death of the person it was in, but it is almost always changed from the thief asking to be remembered to be him asking for his immortal soul to be remembered; if it were not changed it would not prove we now have an immortal soul. The thief was not asking that an immaterial, bodiless part of him go to Heaven, but he was a man that know he was dying that day asking a man that he know was also dying that day to remember him when he became the king of the nation that was putting them to death—it was nothing but pure mockery.

     Christ went to the grave that day, not Heaven. Both Christ and the robber were in hades - the grave - on "this day.Ó

FOUR PROBLEMS

1.       Christ did not go to Heaven that day, did not tell the thief that he would be in Heaven that day.

2.       It must be assumed that mankind now has immortality and will never die.

3.       It must be assumed that all the saved go to Heaven at the moment of death, before and without the resurrection and judgment, none to sheol (the grave) and none to AbrahamÕs bosom.

4.       It must be assumed that David did ascend into the heavens (Acts 2:34).

THE KING JAMES VERSION AND THE COMMA

      The way it is worded in the Kings James Version makes Christ be asking the thief a question (Òshall thou be with me in paradiseÓ) with the question mark left out and it ends the question with a period.

     As it is in the Kings James Version and with the Old English changed to today English."

     Christ went to the grave that day. Where is Paradise? The only other two uses of Paradise in the New Testament are:

(1) Paul was "caught up into paradise," which he says is in "the third heaven" (2 Corinthians 12:2-4).

(2) "To him that overcomes, to him will I give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the Paradise of God" (Revelation 2:7); the tree of life is in the New Jerusalem (See Revelation 21:1 to 22:5).

     Many translations make Christ be telling the thief they both would be together in paradise (Heaven?) that day.

     With the comma where it is in most translations, Christ answer to the mockery of the thief was that he would be with Him that day. That day Christ was in the grave; therefore, Christ told the thief that he would be in the grave that day. Telling the thief that he was going to die and be in the grave that day does not sound like an answer the thief would have received if he had truly repented and was forgiven.

     If Christ were telling the thief that he would be with Him in Heaven it was not on that day; the comma, which is not in the Greek must be moved for both Christ and the thief went to the grave that day, not to Heaven. "I say unto you to-day, you shall you be with me in paradise." This would not make the being in paradise be on that day, not on the day of their death. No one goes to Heaven at death before the resurrection and judgment. If the thief truly did repent and by "paradise" Christ was telling the thief that he would be in Heaven with Him, the comma must be put after "today" for Christ or the thief did not go to Heaven that day.

     The Greek, in which the New Testament was written, did not have chapters or punctuation. Men have added the punctuation. The oldest manuscripts are all capitals, the words are not separated, and there is no punctuation. Cardinal Huge de Sancta Caro divided it into chapters in A. D. 1250. Robert Stevens divided the Bible was into verses about A. D. 1550. Manutius, a printer of Venice in A. D. 1490, invented the comma. It was put in the King James Version in A. D. 1611, but it was not used by Luke before it was invented, therefore, there was no comma in Luke 23:43. There was not a comma in the whole New Testament. Men put all the punctuation marks in the Bible we use today, not God. The translators could sometimes make it say what was consistent with their beliefs by the way they used punctuation. Move the comma, which was not invented unto 1490 and was added by uninspired men in the King James Version by man in A. D. 1611, and it does not say when they would be in paradise.

Dots were put into the Greek in the ninth century to separate the words. The dots and all later punctuation of all Greek texts, which has been added after the ninth century is entirely on human authority.

á          ÒVerily I say unto you today, ÔYou shall be with me in paradise.ÕÓ The comma was invented in1490 and put in the Bible by men.

     "This day" and ÒI command you todayÓ is a common expression in the Bible to stress the time of the promise or command. See Genesis 31:18; Exodus 34:11; Deuteronomy 4:26; 4:40; 6:6; 7:11; 8:1; 8:11; 10:13; 11:8; 11:13: 11:18; 30:5.

á          ÒI declare to you this day, that you shall surely perishÓ (Deuteronomy 30:18).

á          ÒWherefore I take you to record this day, that I am pure from the blood of all manÓ (Acts 20:26 King James Version).

     The Companion Bible, Appendix 173: "The interpretation of this verse depends entirely on punctuation, which rests wholly on human authority, the Greek manuscripts having no punctuation of any kind till the ninth century, and then it is only a dot in the middle of the line separating each word."

     To put the comma where the King James Version put it makes Jesus be saying He would be in paradise that day when He know He would not be in paradise that day. The King James translators, who believed that everyone will go immediately to Heaven or Hell at death, punctuated it to makes both Christ and the thief be in Heaven on that very day.

     H Leo Boles: "Evidently Jesus did not mean that this robber would go with him to heaven that day, as it seems clear from other statements that Jesus did not go to heaven that day. His day of ascension came about forty days after that time" A Commentary On The Gospel Of Luke, Page 454, 1954, Gospel Advocate Company.

     Curtis Dickinson: ÒIt may be asked why translators of most modern version do not place the comma after the ÔtodayÕ so that the verse will harmonize with other scriptural teaching on death and resurrection. We might as well ask why they do not translate the Greek bapitizo as ÔimmerseÕ or diakonos as ÔservantÕ instead of merely spelling them with English letters. To do so would put the translation at odds with most denominational doctrine and almost insure it failure to be accepted.Ó ÒThe WitnessÓ Volume 30, Number 8, 1990.

     There is no grammatical justification for the placement of the comma before "today." Christ or the thief did not go to Heaven that day. By moving the comma that was added by uninspired men with a theological prejudice, the conflict with other passages is removed even if "in paradise" does mean "in Heaven."

     Note: The punctuation can change the meaning of the same words.

ÒAfter he had offered one sacrifice for sin for ever, set down on the right hand of God.Ó

ÒAfter he had offered one sacrifice for sin, for ever set down on the right hand of God.Ó

Woman, without her man, is nothing.

Woman, without her, man is nothing.

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

(2). ÒTO DIE IS GAINÓ Philippians 1:21-23

     When this passage is used to prove that a person takes up residence in their permanent abode at once in Heaven at death, it is taken out of context. Paul says, "So that my bonds became manifest in Christ throughout the whole praetorian guard, and to all the rest; and that most of the brethren in the Lord, being confident through my bonds, are more abundantly bold to speak the word of God without fear" (Philippians 1:13-14). His imprisonment was not a personal gain, but because of it the word of Christ was being preached; therefore, it was gain to the cause of Christ. In verse 18 it did not matter the motives, Christ was being preached and he rejoiced. Verse 20 "So now also Christ shall be magnified in my body, whether by life, or by death." If he lived, he would preach Christ. If he died, others would be made more bold and preach Christ because of his death. Verse 21 "For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain." Death is an enemy (1 Corinthians 15:26). It was not a personal gain for Paul. He knows that if he died before the coming of Christ he would not be in Heaven unto after the resurrection and judgment at the second coming of Christ. He knows his death would be a gain for the cause of Christ, that Christ would be preached because of his death, not a personal gain for himself. Verse 22 "But if to live in the flesh, if this shall bring fruit from my work, then what I shall choose I know not" If he lived and preached Christ, or if his death would cause others to preach Christ, which one would bring the most fruit, he knew not. He is not saying he did not know whether (1) living in this world was best, (2) or living in Heaven was best; but this is what he is made to say when this passage is used to prove an immortal soul.

     Philippians 1:12-30: When it became known that Paul was in prison it was gain to the Gospel for it made others bold to preach the Gospel and others preached the Gospel Òthinking to raise up affliction for me in my bonds.Ó In the same way Paul is saying his death would be gain to the cause of Christ just as his being in prison was, not a personal gain. If "To die is gain," means we go to Heaven when we die, why would Paul say he did not know if going to Heaven was better than living on earth; why do we go to a doctor to get well and do all we can to keep from going to Heaven; why do we pray for each other when one of us is sick; would we not asking God not to take us to Heaven and are thankful if He does not? The reason we do not want to die is that death is not a gateway to Heaven, but death is an enemy, which makes the resurrection be absolute necessity; without it there would be no life after death for anyone. If death were a gateway to Heaven, we would be praying, "Lord, do not make us come live up there with You, let us live down here on earth where Satan can tempt us."

     We are repeatedly told we will be with the Lord at His coming, not at death (2 Thessalonians 2:1) when He shall appear (Colossians 3:4), yet "To die is gain" is used to set aside many plain and clear passages and make the entrance to Heaven be immediately at death, not after the resurrection.

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (3). ÒTO DEPART AND TO BE WITH THE LORDÓ

Philippians 1:23; 2 Corinthians 5:8

     Philippians 1:23: ÒBut I am hard-pressed from both directions, having the desire to depart and be with Christ.Ó Be with the Lord at the judgment day, not instantly at death: In the same letter Paul says, "If by any means I may attain unto the resurrection from the dead" (Philippians 3:11). Every time Paul discusses life after death he always points to the resurrection; without it there would be no life after death. He tells the Thessalonians that we will be with the lord after the resurrection, "For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God; and the dead in Christ shall rise first. Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and thus we shall always BE WITH THE LORD" (1 Thessalonians 4:16-17). It was Paul, ÒIÓ that had a desire to be with the Lord, not something in Paul that had no substance.

     2 Corinthians 5:8: ÒKnowing that he that raised up the Lord Jesus shall raise up us also with Jesus, and shall present us with youÉare willing to be absent from the body, and to be at home with the LordÉFor we must all be made manifest before the judgment-seat of Christ; that each one may receive the things done in the bodyÓ (2 Corinthians 4:14-5:10). The context 2 Corinthians 5:8 is the resurrection and judgment at the coming of Christ, not to be in Heaven at the moment of death; it is taken out of itÕs context and made to contradict it context.

     Many passages show that PaulÕs whole hope of being with Jesus was at the resurrection, not at the moment of death. "Henceforth there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, shall give to me at THAT DAY; and not to me only, but also to all them that have loved His appearing" (2 Timothy 4:8). Paul clearly says the time of his death has come, but he will not receive the crown of righteousness unto the appearing of Christ at the Judgment Day. He will be with the Lord at the same time all the saved will be, "at that day" the Judgment Day, not at death. At "his appearing" See 2 Timothy 1:12; 1:18; 4:18; 2 Thessalonians 1:10; Philippians 1:10; 1:6; 1 Corinthians 1:8; 5:6. When will Paul be given "the crown of righteousness," when Christ comes, not at death? See 1 Peter 5:4. When will Paul and all the saved be with the Lord, at "His appearing," not at death? "To be with the Lord," says nothing about an "immaterial, invisible part of man" between death and the resurrection or after the resurrection; Paul used "me" and "we" not "my soul" or "your soul," nothing is said about "your soul" in this passage. "For the Lord himself shall descend for HeavenÉand so we shall ever be with the Lord" (1 Thessalonians 4:16-17); it is after the resurrection that we will be with the Lord, not at death. No one has ascended into Heaven but Christ; therefore, Paul has not ascended to Heaven and is not now in Heaven with the Lord (John 3:13). Paul died about two thousand years ago, but like David (Acts 2:29), Paul is not yet in Heaven with the Lord and will not be unto after the resurrection; therefore, this passage could not be saying Paul had an immortal, invisible soul that would go to Heaven and be with the Lord at the time of his death.

     To make "with the Lord" mean we go to Heaven with the Lord at death takes away any need for a resurrection and makes it useless and foolish. After some had been in Heaven with the Lord for centuries, why would He send them back to earth to raise them from the dead and take them back to Heaven when from the day of their death they had been very much alive in Heaven and were never dead?

     There are three major views on the condition of the dead.

  1. The dead are now dead and will be dead unto the resurrection of the dead.
  2. The dead are now alive in an intermediate state without the resurrection.
  3. The dead are now alive in Heaven or Hell without the resurrection.

     Although this passage is used as undeniable proof or both 2 and 3 and to set aside the many passages on the resurrection, this passage is completely silent about where the dead are before the resurrection and says nothing about a separate conscious entity being in a person; it was Paul that would die (depart) and Paul the would be with the Lord, not just something unseen that was in Paul. It is not implicated, as some say, that Paul was speaking of some immaterial something that has no substance that would be with the Lord but Paul himself that would be with the Lord, the whole Paul.

     Those who believe the dead go to hades, some to be with the rich man in torment and some to be in "Abraham's bosom" also use "be with the Lord" when they are trying to prove men now have an immortal soul, but in doing so they do not seen to be able to see that they are making all go to Heaven or Hell at death and; therefore, they have made going to hades at death impossible. We could not be in "Abraham's bosom" and in Heaven with the Lord both at the same time. When they need to, they make hades be "the grave" for the body to be in; and when they need to, they make it be "Abraham's bosom" for the "soul" to live in. How do they know when it should be one, and when it should be the other? In trying to make Paul and Stephen be conscious after death, they are both put directly in heaven at death before and without the Judgment Day; sometimes even by those who do not believe anyone is now in Heaven.

     We need to be very careful not to make Paul say something he did not say (2 Peter 3:16). "To be with the Lord," but where and when will we be with the Lord? Not in our permanent abode in Heaven at death, for we will not be there unto after the judgment. If we go to Heaven or Hell at death, this would mean that the final judgment takes place immediately at death, for God would have to decide our destiny then; therefore, God would have made the final judgment before the Judgment Day, before the coming of Christ.

     Jesus said, "And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you to Myself; that where I am, there you may be also" (John 14:3). Many say, "Not so Lord, we will be with you in Heaven, Your second coming and the resurrection will not be needed for we will be alive with You in Heaven." But Paul said, ÒFor our citizenship is in heaven, from which also we eagerly wait for a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ; who will transform the body of our humble state into conformity with the body of His gloryÓ (Philippians 3:20-21). It is us who will be transformed, not just a part of us that is now just as immortal as it will always be and will not need to be transformed, and this part of us will not wait for the Lord Jesus to come again, but immediately go to Heaven to be with Him at death. Both the how and when Paul or anyone will be with the Lord is stated in no uncertain terms in many passages

     Living Christians need not sorrow as the rest who have no hope (1 Thessalonians 4:13). There are four points in this passage.

  1. Those who are asleep will be resurrected from the dead at the second coming of Christ. The departed person will not be with Christ unto He comes "again, and receive you to Myself; that where I am, there you may be also" (John 14:2). Not alive before "The Lord himself shall descend from heaven...and the dead in Christ shall rise first." At the coming of Christ the dead shall rise from the grave, not come back from Hell or Heaven. He is not speaking of any that are alive in Heaven, not those who are in any way awake and active, but to those who Òasleep.Ó
  2. Those who are living at the time Christ comes will be changed. Living Christians will not precede (go ahead of) the Christians that are not living (them that are fallen asleep) to meet the Lord, ÒAnd so shall we ever be with the lordÓ (1 Thessalonians 4:15).
  3. Both those in Christ who are dead and those who are living, will together go from the earth to meet the Lord in the air when he is coming from Heaven before we will Òbe with the Lord.Ó "Then we that are alive, that are left, SHALL TOGETHER with them be caught up (from the earth) in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air" (1 Thessalonians 4:17-18). How could Paul have said any clearer that those who are now asleep are not now alive in Heaven, but that they will be raised from the dead and meet the Lord in the air as He is returning? It is by (1) resurrection or the dead or (2) by translation of the living, both at the coming of Christ that we shall be with the Lord, there is no other way or time that anyone will ever be with the Lord.
  4. "And so shall we (both the living Christians and the Christians that are not living at the time He comes) ever be with the Lord" (1 Thessalonians 4:17). With the Lord in the place in Heaven where He has gone to prepare for the saved (John 14:2). The future existence of the dead in Christ absolutely depends upon (1) the resurrection of those who are asleep (2) or on a translation of those who are living when Christ comes.

     Why did Paul say he had a desire to depart? He lived a life of suffering, toil, and trials (2 Corinthians 11:23-33) and like Job, he understood death would be a relief from pain; and he knew that from the standpoint of the person that departs it will be as if he or she is with the Lord the next moment for we will know nothing of the time between death and the resurrection, that time will seem as if it was only a moment for both the person that has be asleep for thousands of years and for the person that has just fallen asleep. The dead in Christ are asleep and have not ascended into Heaven, not even David or Paul, only Christ is now in Heaven, ÒBut now has Christ been raised from the dead, the first-fruits of them that ARE ASLEEPÉin Christ shall all be made alive. But each in his own order: Christ the first fruits, then they that are ChristÕs at His comingÓ (1 Corinthians 15:20-23). To those who are asleep there is no awareness of time; it will be as if we are with the Lord in only a moment. For us, there is no life after death unto the resurrection and never would be life without a resurrection of the dead.

     Analus is used in the New Testament only two times.

1. "When he will RETURN (Greek-analus) from the wedding" Luke 12:36.

2. ÒHaving a desire to DEPART (Greek-analus), and to be with the Lord" Philippians 1:23.

"To depart" or "Will return," which one does analus means? The article ÒtheÓ is in the Greek before analus but was not put in most English translations.

 Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (4) IN THE BODY OR OUT OF THE BODY (2 Corinthians 12:1-2)

     "But I will come to visions and revelations of the Lord" Paul had not died at the time he wrote this, therefore, there are only two possibilities.

  1. First possibility: Paul was taken to the third Heaven in his earthly body and given a revelation, which was not lawful for him to utter, and then returned to Earth. He did not die. This would prove nothing about a disembodied soul from death unto the resurrection. Being taken to Heaven alive in his body would not even be a death. At the time he says this, he was still a living human being that had not died and was not a disembodied spirit or soul, it was not after the death of his body. Then how can this be used to show that Paul had an "immaterial, invisible part of man" that would not die when he did? "Whether in the body," although it is almost certain that no flesh and blood body has ever been in Heaven or ever will be, God has the power and could have taken Paul to the third Heaven when he was in his body, or He has the power to have taken Paul to the third Heaven in a vision. Paul did not know which so we cannot know. If Paul were caught up to the third Heaven before his death this was special case, and not what happened to Paul after his death, or will happen to all mankind instantaneously at death. It is not going to Abraham's bosom, which is where many teach all the saved will go immediately at death. There is nothing in this passage about what will be after death, (1) nether before the resurrection (2) nor after the resurrection for Paul or for us; so how can this passage be used to prove a person becomes a "disembodied spirit" after death? Paul had not died. He said, ÒI know a manÉhow that he was caught up into ParadiseÓÓ not ÒI know a soul.Ó This took place while Paul was alive; there is nothing in this passage about Paul having a soul that left his body but that is what it is repeatedly used to prove.
  2. Second possibility: this was a vision: Neither would a vision prove anything about a disembodied soul from death unto the resurrection. "Visions" in 2 Corinthians 12:1 is translated from "optasia" and is used only four times in the New Testament.

(1)     "That he had seen a VISION (optasia) in the temple" (Luke 1:2).

(2)     "They had also seen a VISION (optasia) of angels" (Luke 24:23).

(3)     "Disobedient unto the heavenly VISION" (optasia) (Acts 26:19).

(4)     And in this passage, "I will come to VISIONS (optasia) and revelations" (2 Corinthians 12:1). A vision, which is something like a dream, cannot be used to prove Paul or anyone has either an immortal soul or an immortal spirit.

     EITHER WAY: If Paul were taken to Heaven or if this was a vision.

1.       This says nothing about an Òimmaterial invisible part of man,Ó nothing about a soul or a spirit.

2.       Or nothing about anything that will be after death before the resurrection, this was when Paul was still alive, not after his death.

     Those who use this to prove a person has an immortal soul must say they know what Paul said he did not know. They must say only a part of Paul, his "soul" but not his body went to Heaven, and that this was not a vision. How could anyone know this when Paul did not? According to the common view, when the soul leaves the body, the body is dead, and death is the separation of body and soul. Therefore, if a part of Paul called "soul" separated from the body and went to the third Heaven; his body was on the earth separated from this soul; therefore, dead. According to the belief that death is only a separation of the body and soul, Paul would have been dead and his soul coming back to his body would have to be a resurrection from the dead. According to this teaching, his dead body was on earth and his soul was in Heaven separated from his body, he died and was raised from the dead and did not know it. We are told that "out of the body" means Paul's soul went to paradise and left his corpse on the earth; therefore, Paul was dead according to their own definition of death. Who can believe Paul was dead and resurrected and did not know it?

     Summary: First ADDED, then CHANGED. First "psukee (life, soul, living being)" must be ADDED into this passage when it is not in it, then the ADDED psukee must be CHANGED into an immortal being. Theology had to go on a long trip to put what they wanted into this. There is nothing in this passage about the intermediate time from death unto the resurrection; but that a part of a person called "soul" is alive in the intermediate time from death to the resurrection is what they are trying to prove with it. Paul was speaking about a vision that had happened fourteen years before (2 Corinthians 12:1), not a death, and there is nothing in this passage (1) about a soul or a spirit, (2) nothing about death (3) or nothing about anything that will be after death. How could this possibly be used to prove Paul or anyone has a soul that is immortal that cannot die; therefore, cannot be resurrected from the dead?

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (5). THE BELIEF OF THE PHARISEES AND OF THE SADDUCEES

WHOSE WIFE SHALL SHE BE

THE GOD OF ABRAHAM, ISAAC AND JACOB Luke 20:27-38

     There is much conflict and confusion in what has been written about the beliefs of both the Pharisee and the Sadducees. Below is a brief outline of their beliefs, which is in agreement with most writers.

     THE SADDUCEES believed in a strict following of the Law and believed that the Law said nothing about an immortal soul, or about the resurrection of the dead. See (6). "The God of Abraham" next in this chapter.

     THE PHARISEES were originated in the time of the Maccabees and probably died out soon after A. D. 70. A belief in some kind of resurrection was established among some of the Jews in the time of Christ, but was not believed by most; but the teaching of Christ in Mark 12:26-27 on anyone having eternal life and immortality in Heaven after death was new to them (2 Timothy 1:10). The Pharisees seem to have believed much of Rabbinic Judaism, mostly writings that were written between the Testaments that were influenced by Greek pagan teaching. Some form of an immortal soul was believed by the Greeks and is in some of the Rabbinical writings. The Pharisees did believe in both the resurrection of the dead, and in spirits and angels (Acts 23:8) and they did believe the teaching of eternal life was found in the Scriptures and searched the scriptures for proof (John 5:39), but what kind of life and where did that believe it would it be; what did they believe about the resurrection? The only resurrections in the Old Testament Scriptures that they searched were resurrections of earthly body back to a mortal life that was no different from the mortal life of those who had not been resurrected; the seven men and the wife were physically breathing people and the Pharisees believed that would be the same when resurrected with the same earthly things, marriage, need for food, sleep, etc. The New Testament teaching of a resurrection to immortality in Heaven was unknown to them. Christ abolished death, and "brought life and immortality to light through the gospel" (2 Timothy 1:10-11); something brought to light is made visible, something that was not seen but now can be seen. A resurrection to immortality was unknown in the Old Testament, something not brought to light, not seen; therefore, how could the Pharisees or anyone have known about something God had not made know? They looked for the Christ to restore Israel as a great nation and to set on the throne of David in Jerusalem, not a Christ that would be killed and resurrected and set on His throne in Heaven over a kingdom not of this world. They may have thought Abraham, David, and others would be resurrected as mortals in the restored Israel under the savior they looked for, but even the prophecies of the Old Testament about Christ (Acts 2:25) were not understood to be a resurrection to immortality or to life in Heaven for they thought their savior would be a person just as David was who would save the nation of Israel and would literally set on the throne of David in Jerusalem. Whatever they believed about a resurrection, it could not have been the resurrection to eternal life in Heaven, which was not known about before Christ. A resurrection and judgment of all, and eternal life in Heaven for believers after death was unknown to them. They had many traditions and were rebuked for making the Law void by their traditions. Jesus said to them, "You hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying, this people honors my with their lips; but their heart is far from me. But in vain do they worship me, teaching as their doctrines the precept of men" (Matthew 15:7-9). Much of the teaching of Christ was a rebuke to them about their beliefs. See Matthew 19.

a.        ÒBut as touching the dead, that they are raisedÓ Mark 12:26.

b.       ÒBut that the dead are raisedÓ Luke 20:37.

c.        ÒBut as touching the resurrection of the deadÓ Matthew 22:31.

a.        The subject was the resurrection, that there will be a resurrection, not an immortal soul that could not be resurrected.

b.       ÒBut as touching the deadÓ--not a deathless soul that was never dead, that was already alive in Heaven or Hell without the resurrection. If Abraham kept on living, if only his body was dead but the real Abraham was alive anyplace then he could not have been resurrected from the undead; a living soul could not be resurrected from the dead.

     "In the resurrection; therefore, whose wife shall she be of the seven?" (Matthew 22:28. Notice the question or the answer did not mention an intermediate state. Although there were resurrections of the earthly body back to life just as it was before the death of the person resurrected in the Old Testament, there is nothing of a resurrection to immortality life with a spiritual body without the earthly body. The fact that they thought that if there were a resurrection she would have to be the wife of one of the seven points out that they were thinking of a resurrection of an earthly mortal body with life on this earth as it is now with husbands, wives, and children. This reply by Christ is one of, if not the first suggestion of a resurrection that will not be a resurrection back to a mortal life. This was a new teaching of Christ that was not known about before He brought it (immortality) to light through the gospel (2 Timothy 1:10); therefore, immortality could not have been known about by the Pharisees.

     "The sons of this world (aion-age) marry, and are given in marriage: but they that are accounted worthy to attain to that world (aion-age), and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage: for neither can they die any more; for they are equal unto the angels; and are sons of God" (Luke 20:34-36). Jesus is speaking of life in two different ages, in this age where there is marriage and death, and life in an age (Heaven) where there is no marriage or death. The Pharisees view of the resurrection seems to be a resurrection to life as it now is in this age. Christians, while living on this earth, are (1) not immortal, (2) not deathless, (3) not spirits, (4) not equal unto the angels, (5) they do marry.

     Today most that are called Jews believe more like the Sadducees did, and do not believe the Old Testament says anything about an immortal soul or anything about anyone going to Heaven at anytime after death; they do not believe their savior had come, and believed when he did come he would restore Israel as a nation.

     Alexander Campbell: "1. That before the Captivity, and the Macedonian and Roman conquests, the Jews observed the most profound silence upon the state of the deceased, as to their happiness or misery. They spoke of it simply as a place of silence, darkness, and inactivity. 2. But after the Hebrews mingled with the Greeks and Romans, they insensibly aided into their use of terms, and adopted some of their ideas on such subjects as those on which their oracles were silent." Appendix to "The Living Oracles," page 59, 1826, Gospel Advocate Company.

     The belief of the Greeks was reincarnation back to some kind of earthly life that would die again and be reincarnated over and over with little or nothing being remembered about any of the earlier lives, not even what kind of plaints or animals they may have been in past lives; they had no conception of eternal life in Heaven that was made known by Christ.

     The Sadducees did not believe in a resurrection. "On that day there came to him Sadducees, they that say that there is no resurrection" (Matthew 22:23). To prove there was no resurrection they tried to trick Jesus with a question that would prove there was not. The point of His answer was to prove there is to be a resurrection, not to prove anything about the state of the dead before the resurrection. There is nothing in their question or in ChristÕs answer about a disembodied soul or spirit that is alive before the resurrection. Christ was asked, "The woman also died...in the resurrection; therefore, whose wife of them shall she be" (Luke 20:33)? They did not ask whose wife she would be at death but in the resurrection; they seem to think that those who believed in the resurrection thought it would be a resurrection to life on this earth as it now is, their question was not who now has her disembodied spirit in the intermediate state. Christ said to them, "but they that are accounted worthy to attain to that world (aion-age) and the resurrection from the dead...but that THE DEAD ARE RAISED" (Luke 20:35-37), "But as touching the resurrection of the dead" (Matthew 22:31). "For when they shall rise from the dead...But as touching the dead, that they are raised" (Mark 12:25-26).

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (6). THE GOD OF ABRAHAM

     Matthew 22:32 ÒBut as touching the resurrection of the dead, have you not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying, ÔI am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.ÕÓ Christ was proving to the Sadducees that there will be a resurrection, not that Abraham was alive at the time He was saying this; at that time Abraham was not alive in Heaven, Hell, in AbrahamÕs bosom, or alive any other place. If the dead are living in a disembodied state, for God to say he was the God of Abraham would not prove there will be a resurrection, but would prove one was not needed. If Abraham were not dead, Christ could not have used Abraham to prove the dead will be raised. The dead must be dead to be raised; a living Abraham would not need to be raised, would not need a resurrection to make him alive. The whole point Christ was making is that there will be a resurrection, not that none are dead to be resurrected. Not that a disembodied spirit is the only part of a person that will be in Heaven or Hell, and this immaterial part of a person is now alive in Heaven or Hell while his or her dead body is in the grave. If a disembodied part of Abraham were alive anywhere it would make his resurrection impossible. A resurrection of those who are living would be an empty show, a fraud, not a resurrection. The belief of many says, "Not so Christ, I was born immortal and cannot die; therefore, I cannot be dead or raised from the dead"? This theology destroys the Biblical doctrine of the resurrection.

1.       Either Abraham was dead and will be resurrected.

2.       Or Abraham was alive and he cannot be resurrected.

1.       It could not be both; he could not be resurrected if he was alive.

     If Abraham were alive, as many teach he was, then he was never asleep. Many believe we have an immortal part of us that can never be dead, but despite the fact this soul is alive it is going be resurrected from the dead so that it can be in Heaven even thought it is already alive in Heaven before the resurrection. Paul said of Able, "He being dead" (Hebrews 11:4), if language has any meaning, Abel was dead, not alive at the time Paul said this. "For David...fell asleep, and was laid unto his fathers, and saw corruption" (Acts 13:36); if David were living (awake) at this time, if only his body was in the tomb, Peter had no point or argument; what Peter said had no meaning.

1.         Christ was not in the grave at that time He was visible for all to see.

á          David was in the grave.

2.         Christ did not see corruption.

o     David did.

3.         Christ ascended into Heaven.

á          David has not ascended into Heaven and will not unto the resurrection.

     "From the day that the fathers fell asleep" (2 Peter 3:4) shows that Abraham and David are still asleep, along with all other's that "are fallen asleep" (1 Corinthians 15:6). To say that Abraham has been raised is to say the resurrection is past, and Christ was not the "first fruits" (2 Corinthians 15:20), or the "first born" (Colossians 1:18, Revelation 1:5). To say that an immortal part of Abraham was never dead is to make a resurrection impossible. The resurrection at the coming of Christ is the subject, and nothing is said about what will be between death and the resurrection. "For none of us live to himself, and none die to himself. For whether we live, we live unto the Lord; or whether we die, we die unto the Lord; whether we live therefore, or die, we are the Lord's. For to this end Christ died and lived again, that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living" (Romans 14:7-9). How could Christ be Lord of the dead if no one is dead?

     Although Exodus 3:6 is constantly quoted to prove the dead Abraham was not dead there is nothing in it that says Abraham was alive in Heaven at that time, but on the other hand the use of this passage by Christ to prove there will be a resurrection proves beyond any doubt that the dead are not now conscious, are not now alive before and without the resurrection.

This passage cannot prove both that:

á          The dead are alive without the resurrection.

á          That there will be a resurrection of the dead.

     Christ used it to prove there will be a resurrection; thereby proving Abraham did not have a departed spirit that was alive without the resurrection. The Òresurrection of the deadÓ was the issue of the Sadducees; nothing is said about departed spirits being alive in Heaven or Hell without the resurrection. It was Òas touching the resurrection of the deadÓ that Jesus quotes ÒI am the God of AbrahamÉHe is not the God of the dead but of the livingÓ (Matthew 22:31-32), and His conclusion is that there will be a resurrection of the dead. Without the resurrection there is no life after death.

      ÒFor David, after he had served the purpose of God in his own generation, fell asleep, and was laid among his fathers, and underwent decay: but He whom God raised did not undergo decayÓ (Acts 13:36-37). After the resurrection and ascension of Christ Peter said, ÒFor David ascended not into the heavensÓ (Acts 2:34); David is asleep and will be unto the resurrection, he has not ascended yet, no one but Christ has. John 3:13 clearly and undeniable said, ÒNo one has ascended into heaven, but he that descended out of heaven, even the Son of man, who is in heaven.Ó None of the Old Testament saints went to Heaven at death and were not in Heaven at that time, not even Abraham or David were in Heaven. John wrote this years after Jesus had ascended to Heaven when Jesus was in Heaven; this is believe by many to be a parenthetical statement (words put in as a note of explanation) by John after Christ had ascended back to Heaven in Acts 2, which would make John be saying years after the ascension that no one, not even the Old Testament saints were in Heaven. When Jesus ascended in Acts 1:9 He was alone, none of the Old Testament saints accompanied Him and none were in Heaven before Him.

    Summary: If the dead are more alive than when they were living, it both takes away the need for a resurrection and made it impossible. Christ's argument that there will be a resurrection is totally destroyed. When this passage is used to prove the dead are not dead but are conscious then it would proves that there is no resurrection. If the dead are now alive then how would His answer prove there would be a resurrection, and what would be the need of one? This is a serious problem for those who teach unconditionally immortality. IT CANNOT BE TAUGHT THAT THE DEAD ARE MORE ALIVE THAN THE LIVING WITHOUT DESTROYING THE BIBLICAL DOCTRINE OF THE RESURRECTION. If Abraham, David, Job, and other saints are alive in Heaven, death has already been destroyed. Death would have been destroyed for all at death, not at Christ's second coming; and even those in the Old Testament would have had life, eternal life, without the death of Christ and without the resurrection and judgment. Take away the fact that Abraham was dead, which is the very thing that those who say a person is born immortal and can never die are trying to do; and you take away the point of Christ's argument, and make Him be saying just so many words that say nothing. Christ's argument, that there will be a resurrection, requires that Abraham is dead at the time Christ made the argument. Abraham being alive would have requires that he never died or that his resurrection was past before the death and resurrection of Christ. When did it happen? The resurrection of Christ, Abraham, or anyone requires that they be dead at the time of the resurrection for they could not be resurrected if they were alive. How could anyone think that a coming back of the living from Heaven is a resurrection of the dead? If David were not still in the tomb then he had been raised the same as Christ, but before Christ; therefore, Christ was not the first fruit. Today's theology has changed this to read, "But that the dead are not dead to be raised," or "But that the separated are not dead to be raised." If He were saying Abraham is alive now, He would be denying the point He was making, that there will be a resurrection, for Abraham could not be raised if he were alive. If Abraham were alive at that time then Luke 20:27-38 proves that there will not and cannot be a resurrection. This passage teaches a "resurrection of the dead," not "no one is dead to be resurrected from the dead."

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (7). THE TRANSFIGURATION: A RESURRECTION or A VISION?

Matthew 17:1-9, Mark 9:2-9.

     A VISION: Christ said it was a vision. "Tell the vision to no man" (Matthew 17:9). Moses and Elijah ("Elias" in the King James Version) were seen with Christ and then were gone, leaving only Christ. Vision (Greek-horama) is used in the New Testament twelve times, and in the King James Version it is always translated "vision" except in Acts 7:31 where it is translated "the sight." This is not the Greek word "optasia" that is translated "vision" in 2 Corinthians 12:1.

1. "Tell the vision (Greek-horama) to no man" Matthew 17:9

2. "He wondered at the sight (Greek-horama)" Acts 7:31

3. "To him said the Lord in a vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 9:10

4  "And has seen in a vision (Greek-horama) a man" Acts 9:12

5  "He saw in a vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 10:3

6  "What this vision (Greek-horama) which he had seen might mean" Acts 10:17

7  "While Peter thought on the vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 10:19

8  "And in a trance I saw a vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 11:5

9  "But thought he was seeing a vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 12:9

10  "A vision (Greek-horama) appeared to Paul in the night" Acts 16:9

11  "And after he had seen the vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 16:10

12  "To Paul in the night by a vision (Greek-horama)" Acts 18:9

     If this were a vision, no argument can be taken from it for the existence of disembodied souls for Moses and Elijah were only seen in a vision. Those who believe in unconditional immortality MUST reinterpret this into bringing a soul that was alive in Heaven and came back from Heaven to earth, and that:

á          Despite the fact that Christ said no man had ascended to Heaven, Moses and Elijah had ascended to Heaven.

á          Despite the fact that nothing is said about where Moses and Elijah were before the vision or after it.

á          Despite the fact that nothing is said about them having come down from Heaven. That they were in Heaven must be added to what is said, if not added it would not prove anything about a soul, or anything about where that soul was.

     They must say to Christ, "No it is not a vision of Moses, but the real Moses has been alive in Heaven and came back from Heaven." It is not said or implied that Moses was in Heaven and came back to earth, or that he was alive anyplace without the resurrection. We are told that this was a vision. "Tell the vision to no man" (Matthew 17:9). It being a vision proves they were not called back from Heaven; it does not prove that there was an immaterial, invisible part of them that is now alive anywhere; if Moses and Elijah were alive and in Heaven Christ could not have been the first fruits.

     A RESURRECTION: (1) If Moses and Elijah were really there, then Matthew was wrong when he called it a vision. (2) If it were a resurrection, it was a resurrection like Lazarus and other resurrections in the Bible then it would prove Moses was really dead before this resurrection, it would prove he was not alive and that he had to be resurrected to be there. If Moses were alive and immortal, he would have been brought back from Heaven; he would not have needed to be raised from the dead. For this passage to teach a person now has an "immaterial, invisible part of man" it must be proved that this was not a vision or a resurrection of the dead, but a bringing back of the living Moses from Heaven. Would the apostles be able to see an "immaterial, invisible" disembodied spirits that had no human body? It had to be a vision or a resurrection for the apostles to be able to see them. If they were alive in the flesh, they had to be brought back from the dead just as Lazarus and others were. . All resurrections in the Bible, other than of Christ, were only temporary restoring of the earthly life just as it was before death, and those who were raised from the dead did not put on immortality as those in Christ will at the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:50-54). Just as Lazarus was brought back in his earthly body to a mortal life, they were resurrected back to a mortal life and still in a mortal body and were not like the resurrection of Christ, or like the resurrection of the saved at the coming of Christ. They were all raised mortals subject to death and all died again. Not one of them is still alive today. Not one of them was raised immortal. In any of these temporary resurrections, not one thing is said about what will be after our death or after the resurrection. If God raised one or ten thousand back to an earthly body, it would not effect the resurrection of all at the coming of Christ and would not in any way prove a person is now mortal or immortal. These earthly resurrections of mortal bodies say nothing about the resurrection at the coming of Christ when the saved will put on immortality. From the resurrections of Lazarus and others back to the mortal earthly body if there were no other revelation about the resurrection we would not know anything about those in Christ that are going to be raised immortal on the Resurrection Day.

     Summary: Either way, if the transfiguration were a resurrection or a vision, it does not prove that a person is now mortal or immortal. The reason for this vision or resurrection was to show that we are not to hear the law and the prophets, but to "hear you him." Christ is now the one who has "All authority" (Matthew 28:18). If any of the resurrections in the Old or New Testament were a resurrection to immortality, Christ could not have been "the first-fruits of them that are asleep" (1 Corinthians 15:20-23). How can death be changed to life in Heaven without a resurrection?

     THE DEATH OF LAZARUS: In John 11 is the account of the death of Lazarus and his restoration to life on this earth. When Jesus arrived, the sister of Lazarus said, "Lord, if You had been here, my brother had not died." Did Jesus comfort her by saying her brother was a good person and was now happy in Heaven with other saints and angels and would never again have pain and he was much better off than when he was in this world but He was going to take Lazarus out of Heaven and bring him back to this world; this is the way of today's theology but is not found in the Bible. His reply was, "Your brother shall rise again." Martha declared her faith in the resurrection as was taught by Jesus by saying, "I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day" showing she did not believe he was then alive and in Heaven. Paul says the same when he says that those in Christ who have fallen asleep have perished if the dead are not raised (1 Corinthians 15:14-20). If they were forever alive in Heaven, they would not have perished if there were no resurrection. Today's teaching is not found in the Bible and makes a lie of the Biblical teaching. Those who have "fallen asleep in Christ" will be asleep unto the resurrection and without it they will forever be asleep. "And this is the will of him that sent me, that of all that which he has given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day" (John 6:39). God could not have told us any clearer where we will be after death. In many churches PlatoÕs philosophy of an immortal soul that can never be dead has replaced the Bible teaching of the resurrection of the dead at the coming of Christ.

     MANY BODIES OF THE SAINTS: In Matthew 27:52 the resurrection of many of the saints is sometimes used to prove the existence of immaterial entities.

á          They were asleep before this resurrection, before Òthe tombs were opened,Ó not in Heaven, Hell, or AbrahamÕs bosom. THEY CAME FROM THE TOMBS, NOT FROM HEAVEN. Coming from the tombs is positive proof that they were not in Heaven and that it was earthly bodies that was resurrected, not immortal souls or spirits.

á          Nothing is said about these ÒbodiesÓ ascending to Heaven after they were resurrected.

á          This says Òthe tombs were openedÓ and bodies came out of the graves, it say nothing about immortal souls that according to the immortal soul doctrine would not have been in the tombs but would have to come from Heaven or Hell.

á          Their resurrection was not unto eternal life, this was before the resurrection of Christ who was the Òfirst fruitsÓ (1 Corinthians 15:20). If this or any resurrection were to eternal life in Heaven Christ would not have been the  Òfirst fruits.Ó

á          This was before any one will put on immortality (1 Corinthians 15:54; Romans 2:7). These resurrected saints were earthly being with ÒbodiesÓ that were seen just as Lazarus was, not immortal, immaterial, invisible souls or spirits.

 Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (8). GOD WILL BRING WITH CHRIST 1 Thessalonians 4:14-17

     This is often used to prove those who have died are now in Heaven, and Christ will bring them back when He comes for the judgment. This passage is about the resurrection at the coming of Christ and it says not a word about an "immaterial, invisible part of man" that is now alive before the resurrection, and it says nothing about a place called Hell. "For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them also that fallen asleep (are dead) in Jesus will God bring with him. For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we that are alive, that are left unto the coming of the Lord, shall in no wise precede (go before) them that are fallen asleep."

There are three point in 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17.

  1. The second coming of Christ: ÒFor the Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God.Ó
  2. The resurrection of the dead in Christ: The dead in Christ, those that are in their graves shall rise, be resurrected first, not those who are alive in Heaven or any other place returning to earth.
  3. Those who will be living when Christ returns: then we that are alive at the time Christ descends, Òthat are left, shall together with them be caught up in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord" (1 Thessalonians 4:16-17). Both the dead in Christ and those who are alive when He comes shall together be caught up from the earth to the clouds. Not as some say, that we that are alive shall be caught up to meet Christ and those He is to bring from Heaven with Him who would not be asleep if they were already in Heaven.

     This passage is a plain statement that there will be a resurrection, and it is opposed to the theory that no one is really dead. Both cannot be true. It is clearly said that they Òare asleepÓ not awake in Heaven. ÒAnd I will raise him up at the last dayÓ (John 6:40).

     "The dead in Christ shall rise first." Those who are asleep will wake up first.

1.       How could they wake up if they are not asleep?

2.       How could they rise from the dead if they are not dead?

3.       How could they meet the Lord in the air if they were coming with Him from Heaven?

Paul says nothing about immortal souls, but persons.

  1. Persons Òwho are asleep in Christ." Believers that are dead.
  2. And persons Òthat are alive" when Christ comes. Believer that will be alive at the second coming.

     Those who believe we have an "immaterial, invisible part of man" that is now immortal take the resurrection out of this passage and makes it be about:

  1. Those who are now alive (not asleep) in Heaven with Christ shall come with Him from Heaven.
  2. And "we that are alive" when Christ comes shall meet them in the air. There will be no resurrection for no one would be dead, not living saints coming from Heaven, or saints that will be alive on earth at that time. If you believe in an immortal soul there is no reason for a resurrection and no room for it.

     "In my Father's house are many mansions; if it were not so, I would have told you; for I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I come again, and will receive you unto Myself that where I am, there you may be also" (John 14:2-3). Those who teach we have a soul that goes directly to Heaven at death believe that souls are now in the place where Christ has gone to prepare before He comes to receive them and have made the coming of Christ, the resurrection, and the judgment useless. Those who preach at funerals often say our loved ones are now with the Lord in Heaven. This is a contradiction of Paul's detailed account of what will happen at the resurrection.

Two views:

  1. The dead in Christ are now in Heaven and God will bring them back to earth with Christ.
  2. God will bring those who have fallen asleep in Christ with Christ when He returns to Heaven after the judgment.

The first view makes many problems.

Although "soul sleeping" and "annihilation" are often confused and thought to be the same, the two are totally different.

á          "Soul sleeping" is the belief that a person now has an invisible, deathless, immaterial something living in them that will never die, but from the death of the body unto the resurrection that immortal immaterial part of a person is "asleep," not "annihilated," and only the sleeping immortal, no substance soul will awake at the judgment to eternal life in Heaven or Hell.

á          Annihilation is the belief that Òthe wages of sin is deathÓ not eternal life in torment; after annihilation no part of a person is asleep, no part of a person will ever wake up. Annihilation is an unbiblical way of saying "the wages of sin is death," that all of a person will be annihilated after the judgment. Those who believe "the wages of sin is death" do not believe in "soul sleeping" although they are often falsely accused of it. It is the person that is asleep from death unto the resurrection and not just an immaterial part of a person that, according to those that teach this doctrine of a deathless no substance something in a person cannot be asleep.

o    If, as many that believe in the immortal soul doctrine teach, that at death it is the person that dies, but the soul never dies and it is the soul only that will ever be in Heaven or Hell, then this doctrine makes the person go out of existence at death and only an immaterial, invisible, no substance soul will ever exist after the death of the person. It is not you that will be in Heaven but something in you that you can not see and that your know nothing about, not what it thinks, not what it looks like, something that you do not now know anything about and you never will know any thing about it, something that you can not know if it is in you or if it were not in you, something that the Bible tells you nothing about.

The second view solves these problems.

     Christ will be coming from Heaven with His "holy ones," the angels, not dead saints that are not dead. "Behold, the Lord comes with many thousands of His holy (hagios) ones" (Jude 14 New American Standard Version). "Saints" in the King James Version is from "hagios," which is the same word that is translated "holy" 93 times in the "Holy (hagios) Spirit." Those who come with Christ from Heaven are the holy angels, not those who are asleep in Christ. "When the Son of Man shall come in his glory, and all the holy (hagios) angels with Him" (Matthew 25:31, King James Version). "When he comes in the glory of his father with the holy (hagios) angels" (Mark 8:38). "For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout, with the voice of the archangel" (1 Thessalonians 4:16). "The Son of man shall send forth his angels" (Matthew 13:41). "At the coming of our Lord Jesus with all His saints (hagios-holy)" (1 Thessalonians 3:13), "holy ones" New International Version; both Jude 14 and 1 Thessalonians 3:13 use "hagios.Ó

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (9). "EVERYONE WHO LIVES

AND BELIEVES IN ME SHALL NEVER DIE" John 11:26

     This passage is used to prove that all men now have an immortal "immaterial, invisible part of man" that can never die, but when it is so used, it makes a problem for them. Christ is clearly saying ONLY those that believe on Him "shall never die," therefore, those that do not believe on Him SHALL DIE. If all have immortality from birth and can never die, what was He saying? This passage makes "never die" be conditional on believing on Christ, not on a never dying "immaterial, invisible part of man" that is read into it. It is used to prove all unconditionally have an immortal soul and can never die, even those who do not believe on Him will never die. Those who believe on Him die a physical death, just as those who do not believe on Him. In what way do those who believe never die? Their name is in the book of life and there will be a resurrection when they will "put on immortality" (1 Corinthians 15:54). Their resurrection and their eternal life are so sure that it is counted as if they now have it. They will not die the second death which all that do not believe will die.

     Summary: According to today's theology, when this is read, as many read it, "He that has the Son has an immortal soul that shall never die," then it must also be read, "He that has not the Son has an immortal soul that shall never die" for today's theology says all now have an immortal soul that shall never die if they believe or if they do not believe. Even though eternal life and never dying is conditional on believing Christ, theology says not so, all are now immortal and have eternal life and can never die, and those that do not believe on Christ Òshall never die.Ó

Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (10) INNER MAN AND OUTER MAN

     ÒTherefore we do not lose heart, but though our outer man is decaying, yet our inner man is being renewed day by dayÓ (2 Corinthians 4:16). Paul is simply saying the inner spiritual life of a Christian is renewed dally even thought the body is growing old. New Christians are babes in Christ (1 Peter 2:2; 1 Corinthians 3:1, but they grow and Òleaving the doctrine of the first principles of Christ, let us press on unto perfectionÓ (Hebrews 6:1, also Ephesians 3:26-17; Galatians 2:20). A Christian must grow stronger in the Lord even though the body is dying; a new Christian may have a young body but be a baby in Christ, but as the years pass he or she will have a body that is decaying but will be becoming a mature Christian. Man is used in the sense of person; to be politically correct we would have to say, ÒOur outer he or she is decaying, yet our inner he or she is being renewed day by day.Ó If the Òouter manÓ is the person, and the Òinner manÓ is the soul, it would make the soul be a totally separate he or she (person) than the outer he or she; there would be us (the outer man or person) that is dying and another person (the inner man or person--soul) that is growing. They must be badly in need of something to prove their immortal soul to make it be another he or she that needs to be renewed daily. If the inner man were a soul, as this passage is used to prove, what would it mean to renew an immortal soul? Would it be to make it more immortal, or to a make a saved soul more saved? J. W. McGarvey on this passage said, ÒThe apostle knew that the transfiguration described at 3:18 was perfecting itself daily,Ó Standard Bible Commentary on Corinthians, 1916.

 Passages that do not have spirit or soul in them

But are used to prove both

 (11) WHAT IS ETERNAL?

THE PUNISHMENT OR THE PUNISHING? MATTHEW 25:46

     The argument made often is that the punishment must last as long as the life, but this does not say what the punishment is. It is a question of whether the punishment is an eternal life with torment, or eternal death. It is supposed by many that punishment can only be conscious suffering and their conditioning makes them read an eternal life of torment into it although we are told repeatedly that punishment will be death, destruction, perish, die, lost, etc.; but never that the punishment will be to be tormented by God forever. Nothing could be a more eternal punishment than a death from which there will never be a resurrection. There are many kinds of punishment, but from Matthew 25 all we can say is that there will be punishment, but nothing more or less than punishment. To say Matthew 25 says where or what the punishment will be is to say more than it says and; therefore, is adding to what God said; ÒKolasisÓ simply means punishment, whatever the punishment is, whether the punishment is eternal torment, eternal death, or whatever is not defined. To know what the punishment will be we must go to other passages, to say as many do that the punishment in this passage is eternal torment, it is undeniable that they are saying what is not said in it. God's word must say what the punishment is, and it nowhere says God will be tormenting people forever. His word says, ÒThe wages of sin is death,Ó not eternal life with torment. If a person were put to death for a crime but could be restored to life after one year, his punishment would end after one year. If he were never restored to life, his punishment would never end; it would be eternal punishment but not eternal torment.

á          If he were restored to life after one year—his punishment would only be for one year.

á          If he were restored to life after one hundred years—his punishment would only be for one hundred years.

á          If he were never restored to life—his punishment would be endless, eternal punishment; the punishment will last as long as the death, unless he was restored to life his punishment would be eternal punishment just as the life of those in Heaven is eternal life.

     The Scripture clearly says that the punishment is death, the wages of sin (Romans 6:23). Paul clearly says what the everlasting punishment is, "even eternal destruction" (2 Thessalonians 1:9). Christ contrasts "eternal life" for the saved with "eternal punishment" for the lost. "Life" or "eternal life" is promised to the saved repeatedly (See chapter two: Life and death), but life is never promised to the lost. It will be "death" for them (Romans 6:23; James 1:15). "They that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of judgment" (John 5:29), not to a resurrection of eternal life for those that have done evil. In Revelation 21:3-8 the saved are given the fountain of the water of life freely but the lost shall have there part in the lake of fire which is the second death, life for the saved, death (not eternal life in torment) for the lost. Christ said, "If a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a branch, and they gather them, and cast them into the fire, and they are burnt" (John 15:6). The punishment is not to be forever dying, or is not forever living separated from God; but it is forever being dead. The punishment for sin is death (Roman 6:23; James 1:15) and the punishment of death is just as eternal as the life. Punishment can have many forms, but because of the conditioning of some (through their red glasses), they can see only fire and torment in Hell of a deathless soul. We do not torment our children when we punish them do we? The concept of Hell is not from the Bible. The name or the place is not in it, and unto it is clearly shown that there shall be such a place, it cannot be said that this punishment is going to be eternal life in "Hell;" or shown that Òthe wages of sinÓ is not death, that there will be any kind of life anyplace after the second death. After the judgment there is much said about the saved; they will be in the image of Christ; they will be immortal and have incorruption. But, there is nothing said about the lost, not what image they will have, not where they will be, or anything at all except that they will be dead (the second death). There is not a passage in the Bible that says the lost will be raised immortal or imperishable, but many that say they will be as stubble, tares, dry branches, will be destroyed. Those who read the Bible with their Hell fire and damnation glasses on see Hell in Matthew 25:46, and on every page of the Bible.

Matthew 25:46 may be the #1 proof text for Hell.

á          The name Hell is not in it.

á          Today's concept of Hell, a place after the judgment where God will cruelly torment forever is not in it.

á          It says that the lost will have a punishment that will be forever, but nothing is said about what the punishment will be or where it will be, yet it is continuously misused to teach what (torment), and where (Hell) the punishment will be.

Before anyone could possibly see "Hell" in this passage:

1.        A place called "Hell" must be assumed.

2.        Then accepted as a fact.

3.        Then God must be made into the most cruel, sadistic, and fiendish being there is, far surpassing even Satan in cruelty.

     There is not one word in Matthew 25:46 about where or what the punishment will be. Other texts say it is death, perish, destroyed, lost, and end. It does not say the punishment is eternal torment after the Judgment Day is over. To teach that Matthew 25:46 says the punishment is an eternal life of torment in Hell, as many do, is adding to it.

     Some traditionalists say annihilation (death) is not punishment. They believe that "by no stretch of the imagination can the punishment spoken of in Matthew 25:46 be defined as an end of consciousness, for if actual suffering is lacking, then so is punishment." To say death would not be eternal punishment because there is no eternal consciousness torment is not valid for saying punishment must be torment simply begs the whole question. Where does Matthew 25:46 say anything about suffering; (1) the punishment must be changed to eternal suffering (2) and a place added to have anyone suffering in Hell. If death row is not punishment, then why is the death sentence the worse punishment a person can get, for worse than life in prison; and how is being on death row considered by those on it to be in the worst part of a prison; why is the death penalty strongly opposed as being too cruel in this country if death is not an eternal punishment or if death is too mild a punishment for sinners at the judgment day? What would those on death row say if someone told them death is not a punishment? Throughout all of history, death has been thought of as being the worst punishment there is. Why would most on death row love to get off it and have the punishment of life in prison instead of death? They are told they are not fit to live, and their punishment is to be death. For the sinner to stand before God on the judgment day and be told he is not fit to live and will be punished with the second death is the worst kind of punishment. Most fear death more than pain and will do all they can to live a little longer even if it is in pain. Life is our most precious possession; death is the worse punishment because it takes everything from a person and deprives of all the life and joy a person would have had, and the second death will deprive of eternal life and joy in Heaven, of an eternity of ceaseless years of joy beyond any joy we can now even dream of, it is an infinite punishment in that it takes an infinite amount of life and joy from a person. We cannot vision all the joy that will be in Heaven for all eternity; therefore, we cannot know how much death will take from them. It is much more than we can know before the judgment. Death is a much greater punishment than any person can now imagine, and the second death will be an eternal punishment. Those who teach Hell must make them selves and all others believe death is not a punishment, therefore, there must be endless life in Hell being tormented by God. When a lost person comes to the judgment, he may see that the saved will have an eternal life of joy and bliss in a place of indescribable glory and to know that all this could have been his, but for him there will be only the blackness and darkness of nothing. And some say this is not punishment! To say death is not punishment and there is no punishment if there is no torment of a consciousness soul is to make a statement that all thinking persons know is not the truth.

     Summary: Whatever the punishment is in Matthew 25:46, it is the same punishment as Romans 6:16; 6:23; 8:6; Revelation 21:8; James 5:22; 2 Peter 2:1; 2:6; 3:7; Philippians 1:28; 3:19; 2 Corinthians 7:10; 2 Thessalonians 1:7-9; Matthew 3:12; 13:40; John 3:16, etc. The Bible does not teach one kind of punishment in one verse and another in another verse. It does not teach the punishment is everlasting life with torment in one verse and death in another verse. It comes down to the question of,

     A passage, which does not say what the punishment is, it cannot override the many passages that do say what it is. From Matthew 25:46 alone, no one can say what the punishment will be. Just that it will be after the judgment and will be forever. The only way to know what is the punishment of Matthew 25:46 is to go to other passages that do say how God is going to punish the lost. THAT A PASSAGE WHICH DOES NOT SAY WHAT THE PUNISHMENT WILL BE IS THE #1 PROOF TEXT FOR HELL SHOWS THE WEAKNESS OF THE PROOF. Can they deny that they are going beyond what the Bible says when they say what the punishment of Matthew 25:56 will be, and that they are adding eternal life in Hell when it is not there?

     Is the only difference in what the punishment will be? Robert A. Peterson, a strong believer in Hell, says, the Old Testament judgments, the Flood, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, the Egyptian plagues and the crossing of the Red Sea, and the captivities of Israel, the punishment of Sodom and Gomorrah was the loss of human life. Page 23-24. Then on page 26, he says the punishments described in them are consistently earthly and temporal, resulting in physical death. None of these passages speak of life after death or eternal destinies, but Annihilationist err, for their belief would entail cessation of existence at death, not the resurrection and punishment of the wicked. "Hell On Trial" P & R Publishing. The New Testament used them as a type of God's judgment after the resurrection. He says they resulted in physical death. Peterson, Page 26. If the result of the judgment is not death, but an everlasting life of torment, then the types are not true for the types of the Old Testament do not show eternal life with punishment; but they would be true if death is the end. The New Testament writers used the Old Testament types to show the destruction of (death), not the torment of the lost. He errs in that he does not give God the power to raise the dead for judgment and punishment if the punishment is to be death. God will raise and judge them and just as His judgments in the Old Testament resulted "in death," so will His judgment at the resurrection be a second death. His statement that Annihilationist err because they believe the first death to be the end of those not in Christ and the lost will not be raised for judgment may possibly be true of some Annihilationist (none that I know of), but it is not true of most. Most believe the Bible teaching that all the dead will be raised for the judgment, then for those not in Christ there will be the second death from which there will never be a resurrection. Did Robert A. Peterson just make a make believe man of hay or stubble so that he could pull down his stubble Annihilationist? The only difference is in what the punishment will be after the judgment. Believers in Hell believe the punishment, the wages of sin will be "everlasting life with torment." Those who believe in Hell often argue as if they think that those who oppose Hell do not believe in the resurrection, the judgment, or punishment. They know that if they call Annihilationist do believe in the resurrection, judgment and punishment they have loss much of their argument for then the only question is what will the punishment be and there is no question that the Bible says it is death. In much of his book he does as many, he assumes that those who do not believe in "Hell" do not believe the lost will be raised for judgment, and he assumes that there is a Hell and that Hell is its name; then he unjustly puts this name into the mouth of Christ.

     A more basic question than what the punishment will be after the resurrection is "what is the resurrection?" If he is right, that there is that a part of a person that NOW has immortality and there is no death for this part of a person, then there cannot be a resurrection for the soul, and his belief makes him be the one that does not believe in the resurrection that he falsely says those he calls Annihilationist do believe in. Will what he falsely calls the resurrection be only a bringing of those who are alive in Heaven and Hell; therefore already judged, back to earth for a second judgment, or will the resurrection be a raising the dead that are really dead and bringing them back to life? On page 68 Peterson says God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the lost, but to rescue them from Hell. This is a typical example of the way Hell is added to the Bible. The Bible is changed to read the way they want it to read and Hell is added where it is not. How could he know the lost shall be rescued from Hell? Is he saying the lost will be rescued from Hell before their death, or the lost will be rescued from Hell after they are in Hell? Does he have a revelation that is not in the Bible? There is no revelation in the Bible that says the lost are rescued from Hell, but there is much revelation that says the lost are saved from death. "Let him know that he who converts a sinner from the error of his way shall save a soul from death" (James 5:20). Salvation is from death, the wages of sin (Romans 6:23) not from an everlasting life of torment. "God gave unto us eternal life, and this life is in him Son. He that has the Son has the life; he that has not the Son of God has not the life" (1 John 5:11-12).

      E. D. Slough, evangelist, church of Christ: ÒThe word ÔPUNISHMENTÕ is not a puzzling word. One of the most familiar terms in the English language. Do you know its meaning? Just think a moment and try to define it. The Dictionary tells us it is the infliction of PENALTY for an offence. IS IT? If the teacher tells the pupil she will ÔpunishÕ him a question would spring up in his mind, WHAT WAY? Even the child knows there are many ways to punish. Though our theologians, after losing sight of the definition of the word, at last give it but one idea, that of misery. Cunning enough, indeed, to separate it from its primary meaning in the New Testament. As if death inflicted for sin was not a punishment. If it is a recompense of the some nature, WHAT IS THE NATURE, HOW SEVERE? The term punishment as a retaliation for offence, NEVER DEFINES THE NATURE OF THE INFLICTION TO BE EXECUTEE. It only announces the fact that a judicial penalty is due, without revealing the severity of it. Punishment, retaliation, recompense, penalty, are synonymous words, and may be used interchangeably. So if the Lord had said, ÔThese shall go into everlasting recompenseÕ or penalty, or retaliation, we would still be forced to seek other scriptures to learn WHAT KIND OF RECOMPENSE IS MEANT. We are told there can be no punishment without pain. I deny the assertion. I challenge the reader to search the Old Testament for the hundreds of instances where the infliction of death was the penalty for crimes. And that it was inflicted to satisfy the offence regardless of the pain accompanying it. Punishment lasts so long as its results last, and where death has been administered for the satisfaction of crime, THE PUNISMENT CONTINUES TILL LIFE IS RESTORED, AND IF NEVER RESTORED, IT IS AN EVERLSATING PUNISHMENT. Lost of property, loss of liberty, loss of life, may all be meted out to the transgressors under the label of punishment. And death as the capital punishment, legalized on the statutes of all civilized nations of the world, is the highest punishment man can inflict—or so recognized,—being the deprivation of life, the first source of all pleasures and enjoyments, and recognized as being forfeited for certain crimes.Ó ÒThe Indictment Of Eternal Torment—The Self-negation Of A Monstrous Doctrine,Ó Page 196-197, F. L. Rowe, Publisher, 1914.

     Summary: There is no way that those who believe all are born immortal could really believe in the resurrection or in the need for it. By teaching that all are born with an immortal part that can never die the resurrection is denied and made not possible. The two are not compatible and both cannot be true. Satan has done his work well.

ETERNAL

     ETERNAL JUDGMENT Hebrews 6:2. The judgment will be in one "day" at the second coming of Christ and is not being judged forever without end; but a judgment in which the results will last for eternity. Eternal is not describing a judging that has no end. Eternal has reference to the result of the judgment, not to the act of judging. The judging will end, but its result will never end. The punishment is after the judging. Will it take God all eternity to do the judging? If so, He will never get to the punishment, it would require two eternities, one eternity that would never end for the judgment and a second eternity for the punishment after the first eternity ended. Whether the punishment is, Hell or death will not matter if God never gets past the judging. It is the result of the judgment, an endlessly binding verdict that will never be changed that is eternal, not the judging.

     ETERNAL REDEMPTION Hebrews 9:12, and ETERNAL SALVATION Hebrews 5:9. Not redemption or a saving that goes on without end, but saving once that will be for eternity. The time of salvation ends. God will not be savings those in Heaven for eternity. The redemption will not be going on forever, but the results of the redemption will be with out end. Those that are saved are forever saved, forever redeemed, not forever being redeemed; their salvation is without an end. Even those who believe in Hell believe those in Heaven are redeemed, not being eternally redeemed; and those they believe to be in Hell can never be redeemed.

     ETERNAL SIN (Mark 3:29) is a sin, which will be committed in this lifetime, and not endless sinning that will be being committed through out all eternity without end in Hell after the judgment. It is a sin that the result (death: the wages of sin) is a death from which there will never be a resurrection.

     ETERNAL FIRE (Jude 7) is not a fire that is still burning Sodom and Gomorrah and will be burning these cities from now on, but the results of the fire; the total destruction of these cities will have no end. These cities are not still burning, but the results of the fire were their eternal destruction. The fact that Sodom and Gomorrah suffered the vengeance of "eternal fire" shows that the results are eternal, not the fire was eternal and that it is still burning today and will burning these cities for eternity. The fire that destroyed Sodom has long since gone out but their destruction remains and will always remain, and their eternal destruction is set forth as an example of "eternal fire" that will eternally destroy the wicked just as it eternally completely destroyed these cities. Although it is continuous used to prove ÒHell fire,Ó this fire was not in Hell, but was a fire on this earth that could be seen by all that were in that place on earth; there is no reference in it to Hell, or to an eternal life of suffering in fire; it has reference to Òdestroyed them that believed notÓ (Jude 5) just as Sodom was eternality destroyed.

     ETERNAL DESTRUCTION 2 Thessalonians 1:9 and ETERNAL PUNISHMENT Matthew 25:46. Is this a destruction that will be bit by bit, but will take forever? No. It is destruction that the results will be final and eternal; a destruction that never destroys would not be destruction for destruction would never take place if the destroying were never completed. An everlasting process of destroying would never be destruction. Death, the wages of sin, is eternal punishment, but not eternal punishing; the death will be a permanent death, not forever dying but never dead. Eternal destruction and eternal punishment are speaking of the permanent results of both, a destruction and a punishment that will last forever, and is not describing the duration of the destroying, that it will take forever; not describing a destruction that the destroying will go on forever but never be destroyed. There will never be a resurrection from the second death; it is an eternal destruction. Those who teach that a person has a soul that can never be destroyed make God be forever destroying but never able to completely destroy the lost. Unconditional immoralists believe God made them destruction proof, and even He cannot destroy them, but nevertheless He will be trying to destroy them by burning them for all eternity. It is complete destruction that is eternal, not eternally destroying but never destroyed. If the destroying never ended it could not be called eternal destruction for there would be eternal destroying but as long as the destroying was going on there never could be destruction; if the destroying was ever completed the destruction would be a complete destruction, past tense, not on going present tense destroying.

     The Bible does not say the lost will receive eternal punishing, eternal destroying, eternal dying, eternal perishing, but eternal punishment is death, destruction. There is a vast difference in Òeternal punishmentÓ and the change to Òeternal punishingÓ that must be made to make it teach eternal torment.

     None of the above is an endless processes that will go on forever, but rather they have a permanent result; the result of salvation is being eternally saved, not eternally being saved.

 (12). ÒREADY TO JUDGE THE LIVING AND THE DEADÓ 1 Peter 4:5

     Christ will be ready to judge those who are living at the time of His coming, and those who have died before He comes. Nothing is said about a spirit or soul in this verse. Nothing is said about any of the dead being alive and having immortality before the resurrection. Before the resurrection the dead will be dead, not more alive than when they were alive.

OLD TESTAMENT PASSAGES THAT ARE USED TO PROVE

A PERSON HAS AN IMMORTAL SOUL and/or SPIRIT AT BIRTH

     This doctrine, "That man cannot die," made it necessity for evil people to have an endless existence, and this existence has been made into endless torment in a place that has been given the name Hell; but where did this doctrine or this name came from? The Bible says, "This mortal must put on immortality" 1 Corinthians 15:53. How can we put on that which we now have on? A person cannot be both mortal and immortal at the same time.

(1). MADE IN GOD'S IMAGE Genesis 1:27

     Most probably the #1 proof text for immortality at birth. The argument is that God is immortal. A man is in God's image. Therefore, a man must also be immortal. This argument would make:

     When God made a man, He did not give him all His characteristics. God is omnipotent (almighty) and omniscient (all knowing). A man is not almighty or all knowing although he is in God's image, but God is both; it does not prove that a person is immortal anymore than it proves a person is almighty. Animals are "living souls" (Genesis 1:20, 21, 24, 30, 2:19) just as persons are "living souls," but animals were not created in the image of God; it is not the "living soul" that makes a person be in the image of God. It is obvious that immortality, not subject to death, is not the way man is in "image of God," and it is only assumed to be even when the Bible specifically says otherwise. We now seek immortality (Romans 2:7) and will put on immortality at the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:53-54), but we are not now immortal; nor do we now have an immaterial invisible part of us that has no substance which is now as immortal as it will ever be. This argument gives the impression that the person making it thinks God has only one attribute; therefore, if a person is in the image of God, that person must also be just as immortal as God is.

     A man is to rule (have authority) over all that God has put under him just as God rules over all. It maybe that man's authority over all the earth, which none of the other created being of the earth have, is the way man is in the image of God; the two are without any doubt spoken of in the same context. Mankind rules over all created beings on earth in a finite way as God does in an infinite way. Christians "have put on the new man that is being renewed unto knowledge after the image of him that created him" (Colossians 3:10, See Romans 3:29; 1 Corinthians 15:49; Ephesians 4:24).

(2). THE BREATH OF LIFE (Genesis 2)

     The breath of life is used to prove God breathed into a person an immortal soul, which He did not give to lower animals. The fact is overlooked that the same writer applies the same expression to both a person and animals, also to fish and birds. "So they went into the ark to Noah, by twos of all flesh in which was the breath of life...And all flesh that moved on the earth perished, birds and cattle and beasts and every swarming that the swarms upon the earth, and all mankind; of all that was on the dry land, all in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life, died" (Genesis 7:15-22 New American Standard Bible, also Ecclesiastes 3:19-20).

á          The reverse of Genesis 2:7 "His breath (ruach-spirit) goes forth, he returns to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish" Psalm 146:4. All personal pronouns are of the earthly person.

á          His breath (ruach-spirit)

á          He returns to his earth

á          His thoughts perish

     "Stop regarding man, whose breath of life is in his nostrils" (Isaiah 2:22). It is difficult to understand how anyone can find an immortal soul in this. It is the body that has breath, and that breath is in its nostrils. Do they think the immortal soul is nothing but breath in the nostrils of man? As long as the "breath of life" is in his nostrils, a person has "life." When the "breath of life" is no longer in his nostrils, he no longer has "life." Instead of saying mankind is immortal and; therefore, cannot be destroyed, this is speaking of the frail and perishable nature of a person that their life depends on the breath in the nostrils.

     It is even more difficult to understand how anyone can find an immortal soul that cannot die in this when it plainly says, "And all mankind; of all that was on the dry land, all in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life, DIED." Beasts and man both have the breath of life, and both died. Did souls that cannot die, die? The breath of life is not a living, thinking, conscious entity that survives death and lives without the body. "Then the Lord God formed man of the dust from the ground (the body without breath was a lifeless person that could not think, see, speak, or feel) and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life (lives, plural in the Hebrew) and man (the thing that was made of dust) became a living being (nehphesh)." Not "A living being" was put into the thing made of dust.

(3). A LIVING BEING Genesis 2:7

     See "USE OF SOUL (NEHPHESH) IN THE OLD TESTAMENT" in the first part of this chapter. All living beings are a living being (soul—nehphesh). The argument of many seems to be that God made man out of the elements He had created, then super-added a living being to the man making him a dual being. It does not say God made a being living and then put another living being in the first one. It says God made the man and then put life into him. According to Plato a soul was put into the prison house of the body at birth and freed from it at death; while in the prison house of man, the soul uses its eyes to see, its ears to hear, and uses all the body. If it were a living being that was put into the body, before it was put into the body, could it see, hear, etc., before without the eyes and ears of the body, and can it do so after it leaves the body? If the ÒsoulÓ was not capable of performing these functions without the body, how can it do so after the death of the body? The body God made became a living being when God breathed into itÕs nostrils the breath of life and when the breath of life leaves the body, it becomes a lifeless body. It was life that was given to the body, not an immortal living being imprisoned in it that was better off without the body in which it was imprisoned.

(4). "YOU SURELY SHALL NOT DIE" (Genesis 3)

     WHERE DID THE IDEA OF AN IMMORTAL SOUL ORIGINATE? Not from the first lie as many believe. Adam and Eve were told, "You (not your soul) shall not eat of it; neither shall you (not your soul) touch it lest you (not your soul) die." Satan said, "You (not your soul) shall not surely die." Satan lie is taught in most creeds—that all men kind are born with an Òimmortal soulÓ that Òsurely shall not die,Ó but the ÒyouÓ has been changed to Òyour soul.Ó Adam and Eve were not told their "souls" would die. They, not their "soul" were sent out of the Garden of Eden "lest he (not his soul) put forth his (not his soul) hand and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live forever." Not their "immaterial, invisible" soul that cannot die but must eat to lives forever.

     ÒIt is a perpetuation, in principle, of the SerpentÕs lie and is diametrically opposed to the Word of God. It is, like the serpent, very subtle, because it superficially gives the impression of accepting the true facts of death by agreeing that the body is dead, but in actual fact it is a deceit because it is believed that the body is not the real person at all and that therefore, in death, the real person is not dead at all, but still lives on in another form and stateÓ Barry C. Hodson.

1.       There is not one word about a soul in Genesis chapter three, but this chapter is used to prove a person has an immortal soul that cannot die

2.       There is not one word about "Hell" in Genesis chapter three, but this chapter is also used to prove an eternal life of torment in Hell.

     ÒThen the Lord God formed man of the dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living beingÓ (Genesis 2:7). The warning for eating of the tree was "YOU (ÒmanÓ) shall surely die.Ó God's sentence for eating of the tree was "to dust YOU shall return" (not your soul shall return to dust, or your soul shall be eternality tormented). In God's statement to Adam, the personal pronouns "you" and "your" are used about fifteen times (it varies in different translations). "Then to Adam He said, 'Because YOU have listened to the voice of YOUR wife, and have eaten from the tree about which I commanded YOU, saying, YOU shall not eat from it; cursed is the ground because of YOU; in toil YOU shall eat of it all the days of YOUR life. Both thorns and thistles it shall grow for YOU; and YOU shall eat the plants of the field; by the sweat of YOUR face YOU shall eat bread, till YOU return to the ground, because from it YOU were taken; for YOU are dust, and to dust YOU shall return" (New American Standard Version). The "YOU" is Adam that had to work to live, would sweet, and would die, not just an immaterial, invisible part of Adam. Those who use this passage to teach a person has an immortal soul pick one of the many of the "YOU'S" and say only this one is an immortal part of Adam but say nothing of the others and hope you do not see the others for their immortal "immaterial, invisible part of man" cannot eat, will not return to the ground, does not sweat, etc.; the YOU that eat is the same YOU that died; there is nothing obscure or vague in this statement, language could not be more definite. This passage is used to teach the doctrine of an immortal soul (nehphesh) even though it says nothing of a soul (nehphesh) or immortality, and at the same time, death, which is in the passage, is removed and it is made not to exist. Why would an immortal, immaterial soul that cannot die have any need of the tree of life to live? Why do many think God would tell Adam he would die if God know Adam was immortal and could not die, and why would God take the tree of life from him Òlest he eat and live foreverÓ if God know Adam had an Òimmortal soulÓ that was the only part of him that would live forever, and his Òimmortal soulÓ would live forever without the tree of life?

     In ÒYOU shall surely DIE die is from mooth, StrongÕs world 4191, and it is used repeatedly through out the Old Testament with reference to the death of mankind, animals, fish, etc., but never means eternal life with torment. It is ÒYOUÓ Adam that would ÒDIEÓ just as animals and fish die, not some part of Adam that could not die that would LIVE some place separated from God.

     ÒSurely dieÓ is used 21 times in the King James Version and it always means to die a physical death (Genesis 2:17; 3:4; 20:7; Numbers 22:23; Judges 13:22; 1 Samuel 14:39; 14:44; 20:31; 22:16; 2 Samuel 12:5; 12:14; 1 Kings 2:37; 2:42; 2 Kings 1:4; 1:6; 1:16; 8:10; Ezekiel 3:18; 18:13; 33:8; 33:14). The opposite, ÒSurely liveÓ is used a number of times and like Òsurely dieÓ was always physical life that would Òsurely live.Ó

á          ÒHe will surely live, he shall not dieÓ (Ezekiel 33:15; Also Ezekiel 3:21; 18:9; 18:17; 18:19; 18:21; 18:28; 33:13; 33:16).

á          ÒShall surely be put to deathÓ is used many times (Exodus 19:20; 21:12; 21:15; 21:16; 21:17; 31:14; 31:15; Leviticus 20:2; 20:9; 20:10; 20:11; 20:12; 20:13; 20:15; 20:16; 20:27; 24:16; 2417; 27:20; Numbers 35:16; 35:17; 35:18; 35:21; 35:31).

á          All three, Òsurely die,Ó Òsurely live,Ó and Òsurely be put to deathÓ are always speaking of life or death of the body, not of a deathless soul that could not Òsurely die,Ó that could not Òsurely be put to death.Ó

     It was a real tree with a real earthly fruit that a real person with a real earthly hand that was told HE would die if HE eats, and a real earthly person that was put out of a real garden lest HE (not his soul) put forth HIS hand (not his soul's hand), and take also of the real tree of life by eating the fruit HE would have had in the same hand HE put forth (not his soul eating), and live forever. To what did living depend on eating of the tree of life, to Adam, or to an "immaterial, invisible" immortal part of Adam that could not die even if it did not eat? Would it not be a contradiction to say Adam had an immortal soul that could not die and must live forever, but it depended on eating of the tree of life to live, or that the soul that could not die would die if it did not eat of the tree of life? Yet, we are told that all, even Adam, have an immortal soul that will live forever, and this deathless soul has no need of the tree of life, and that this deathless part of a person is the only part of a person that will ever live forever; therefore, what could the tree of life give to Adam's deathless soul that it did not already have? Nothing. According to this doctrine, AdamÕs deathless soul did not lose itÕs deathless when Adam eat of the tree. This doctrine makes the flaming sword useless to keep Adam from the tree of life so that he may eat and live forever, for it makes Adam live forever if he eats or if he does not eat.

1.       God placed Adam in the garden and gave him access to the tree of life to sustain his life; his life was dependent on his having access to this tree, not on his being created with unconditional immortality and not subject to death.

2.       Adam was removed from the tree of life Òlest he eat and live foreverÓ; his life depended on his eating of the tree before he sinned. He was not remade, not recreated with a different body; he had the same body before and after he was put out of the garden, just did not have access to the tree of life.

     It was Adam that God said would die if he ate, not an immortal soul that cannot die. It was Satan that told Adam he would not die if he did eat. God says nothing about Adam having an immortal deathless soul that could not die. "You shall surely die" is far from saying, "When you die, a part of you will live and suffer eternal torment" but this is read into it. Was Adam created mortal or immoral? If immortal, how could he be threatened with death when he could not die? If he were immortal, he would be death-proof; therefore, God's sentence of death if he eats would have been a lie.

á          When God said, Adam shall Òsurely dieÓ He is saying Adam was mortal.

á          When Satan said Adam shall Ònot surely dieÓ he is saying Adam is immortal and cannot die.

     "It is appointed unto man to die, and after this comes the judgment" (Hebrews 9:27). Not just part of a person, not only the body of the man. This is changed to read only your outer shell, and not the real YOU shall die. "In the day YOU eat thereof YOU shall surely die" is not, "After the death of your body, your soul, a part of you, shall be eternity alive in Hell and tormented by God" but this is what many read into it. Some say this is not physical death but a spiritual death. Then where did physical death come from? What death was passed unto ALL men (Romans 5:12)? Is it appointed for a man to die, or changed to be it is appointed for only a part of a man to die?

"The first man is of the earth, earthy" (1 Corinthians 15:47; Ecclesiastes 3:20).

     Was this sentence of death given to an immortal soul that cannot die; if it is immortal how could any kind of death sentence be given to it, how could it not live forever? It could not be subject to death. It would not matter if Adam ate or did not eat for his immaterial invisible immortal soul could not die. In the fall of Adam and his sentence, nothing is said about an immortal soul. It was Adam that sinned, Adam that died; and it was through Adam that death came into the world and passed unto all men, not death passed to all immortal souls (1 Corinthians 15:21-22; Romans 5:12-14). The penalty to Adam and all his seed is death, not eternal life in Hell. There will be a resurrection from the death that came into the world from Adam's sin.

     Today's preachers would tell Adam that he was going to Hell for his sin, but God said not one word about Hell. "Die" has been changed to "Hell." "Death" has been changed to "life with torment." Satan said, "You surely shall not die." Satan added the "not" and many have changed his "you shall not" to "your soul shall not die" to make a person now have an "immaterial invisible" immortal soul that shall not die.

     For a person to have an immortal soul two kinds of life and two kinds of death must be read into Genesis 2 with one of the deaths not being a death at all, but eternal life with torment. Look in your concordance and you will see that "Spiritual life" or "spiritual death" which is read into this is not in the Bible. It is argued that Adam did not die physically that day; therefore, "spiritual death" was Adam's penalty for eating. If this were true, why did he ever die a physical death, and how did physical death come into the world? In the Hebrew the penalty was "dying YOU shall die." It was the "living being" (Genesis 2:7) begin dying that day, not an immortal soul that cannot die but was told that it would die anyway. Death came into the world through Adam and all die (1 Corinthians 15:22; Romans 5:12-21). "And inasmuch as it is appointed unto men once to die, and after this comes judgment" (Hebrews 9:27). The death that came into the world by Adam's sin is the same death that he died for eating, a physical death. "By the sweat of your face YOU shall eat bread, till YOU return to the ground, because from it YOU were taken; for YOU are dust, and to dust YOU shall return" (Genesis 2:19). It was not the death of Adam's "soul," an inward immortal never dying part of Adam that could not die that would return to the ground from which it was made. Adam could not have understood that YOU was only his body, and that only a part of the YOU would die, but the rest of the YOU would not die but would live forever in torment unless he had a revelation from God to tell him a part of him was deathless. There is no such revelation recorded in Genesis although it is repeatedly read into it today. Adam's undying soul theory is based on the silence recorded in Genesis two and three.

     Edward White: "No word is said either before the fall, or on the approach of the Judge, or afterwards, of Adam's possession of a deathless soul, when his mortal integer was broken up;—not a word is uttered in the divine comment on the curse, of an eternity of misery to be endured by the soul after dissolution of the Man. Indeed, that notion seems to deserve little else than the scorn, which Locke bestows upon it. It is the gratuitous invention of theologians who have forfeited the claim to be listened to in that matter by their perverse departure from the record.Ó Life In Christ, Page 212, 1878.

     A definition of death from the Bible, "Till YOU return to the ground, because from it YOU were taken; for YOU are dust, and to dust YOU shall return." Without the resurrection, all of ÒyouÓ would forever remain dust. But, God's definition of death cannot be believed by any that believe the soul is immortal; they tell us that by, ÒYou shall die,Ó God really means Òspiritually death,Ó not to really die and return to the ground. The tradition of many makes changing the Bible a must; how many times have we been told that ÒYou shall surely dieÓ means Òyour soul, not you shall surely die spiritually?Ó There is no suggestion that only a part of Adam would die and a part of him would never die; it was ÒyouÓ not a part of ÒyouÓ shall die, not your body shall die, but the real ÒyouÓ can never die.

     Another use of "you shall surely die" (the same words in the Hebrew). Solomon told Shimei to "Build yourself a house in Jerusalem, and dwell there, and go not forth thence any whither. For on the day you go out, and pass over the brook Kidron, know you for certain that you shall surely die" (1 Kings 2:37). He did go out of Jerusalem, and he did die just as Adam did but not on the very day he went out; their death was sealed and made certain on that day. ÒSurely dieÓ is used 19 times in the Old Testament to mean the death of the person, not a Òspiritual death.Ó Genesis 2:27; 3:4; 20:7; Numbers 26:65; Judges 13:32; 1 Samuel 14:39; 14:44; 20:31; 22:16; 2 Samuel 12:14; 1 Kings 2:37; 2:42; 2 Kings 1:4; 8:10; Jeremiah 26:8; Ezekiel 3:18; 18:13; 33:8; 33:14.

     If Hell were Adam's sentence: "Die" must be changed into an eternal life for a part of Adam but not his body. If Hell was Adam's sentence then God was unclear in His warning and unclear in the sentence. What was the penalty God give in Genesis 3:9-24?

  1. The serpent cursed
  2. Sorrow in bringing forth children
  3. The man ruling over his wife
  4. The earth bringing forth thorns and thistles
  5. Must work to eat, by the sweat of his face
  6. They would die and return to the ground from which they came

     How can anyone get Hell out of this sentence? There is not one word about an immortal, immaterial part of a person in it and not one word about Hell or torment after death in it. There is nothing about anything after death in it. The penalty for eating of the forbidden tree ended when they returned to the ground.

     What is the death that came into the world and passed unto all through Adam's sin?

     John Locke: "It seems a strange way of understanding a law which requires the plainest and direct words, that by death should be meant eternal life in misery...I must confess that by death, here, I can understand nothing but a ceasing to be, the losing of all actions of life and sense. Such a death came upon Adam and all his posterity, by his first disobedience in paradise, under which death they should have lain forever had it not been for the redemption by Jesus Christ," "Reasonableness of Christianity," Volume 6, page 3, 1695.

     The "soul" as it is used today will live forever if it eats of this fruit or does not eat of it, and the teaching is that not even God can keep it from living forever. If God had made men with unconditional immortality, would it have done any good to put him out of the garden to keep him from eating of the tree of life to live forever? If Adam were made with an immortal undying part, he would have lived forever and could not have died even if he did not eat of the tree of life.

     Adam and Eve passed from a state in the garden where they had access to the tree of life, where it was possible for them to live forever, to a state where it was impossible for them not to die. The day they did eat was the beginning of the dying process ("Dying you shall die"). There is nothing in this about a person being a dual being with an immortal soul, but most read it into this. It was the whole person as he was then, which would have lived forever if he had eaten of the tree of life. It was the whole person, not just some inter part of a person, which God said would die. How could an "immaterial invisible" part of a person eat of a visible material tree? Satan's lie was that they, not some inter part of them, would not die. The presence of the "tree of life" in Eden indicates that immortality was conditional on eating of that tree. To prevent the possibility of being able to "live forever" (Genesis 3:22) God put a barrier to the garden when Adam was put out of Eden and the dying process began. It would have been nonsense for God to prevent access to the tree of life if the real Adam, if there were an inter-person that was immortal and would live forever with or without the tree of life.

     The New JOHN GILL Exposition of the Entire Bible: "For in the day thou eat thereof thou shalt surely die; or in dying, die; which denotes the certainty of it...man became at once a mortal creature, who otherwise continuing in a state of innocence, and by eating of the tree of life, if he was allowed to do, would have lived an immortal life; of the eating of which tree, by sinning he was debarred, his natural life not now to be continued long, at least not forever; he was immediately arraigned, tried, and condemned to death, was found guilty of it, and became obnoxious to it, and death at once began to work in him; sin sowed the seeds of it in his body, and a train of miseries, afflictions, and diseases, began to appear, which at length issued in death."

     YOUNG'S Literal Translation Genesis 2:17: "For in the day of thine eating of it - dying thou dost die."

     ADAM CLARKE: "Thou shall surely die. Literally, a death thou shall die; or, dying thou shall die-from that moment thou shall become mortal, and shall continue in a dying state till thou die. This we find literally accomplished; every moment of man's life may be considered as an act of dying." On Genesis 2:7: ÒFrom that moment thou shall become mortal, and shall continue in a dying state till thou die.Ó

     JOHN WESLEY: "Thou shall die—That is, thou shalt lose all the happiness thou hast either in possession or prospect; and thou shalt become liable to death, and all the miseries that preface and attend it. This was threatened as the immediate consequence of sin."

     ALEXANDER CAMPBELL: ÒAdam died at the end of nine hundred and thirty years after his creation, and that this was threatened in the words, ÔIn the day thou eatest thereof DYING THOU SHALL DIE.ÕÓ Campbell Skinner Debate On Everlasting Punishment, page 118, College Press, 1840.

     A DOUBLE CHANCE: First change: Adam's death must be changed to be a "separation," not death. Second change: Then his "separation" must be made to be an eternal life of torment in Hell. "For as in Adam all die" (1 Corinthians 15:22). If death = separation, and separation = Hell, then all go to Hell for "in Adam all die."

 (5). "IN MY FLESH SHALL I SEE GOD" Job 19:25-27

See chapter seven, "IN MY FLESH SHALL I SEE GOD"

(6). "SHAME AND EVERLASTING CONTEMPT" Daniel 12:2

     "And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt." Who has this "contempt"? "Then they shall go forth and look on the corpses of the men who have transgressed against Me for their (corpses) worm shall not die, and their (corpses) fire shall not be quenched: and they (corpses) shall be an abhorrence to all mankind" (Isaiah 66:24). The antecedent of these three pronouns is Òcorpses.Ó Strong says both contempt and abhorrence are from the same Hebrew word. Strong's word # 1860, "To repulse, an object of aversion, abhorring, contempt." Contempt and abhorrence are the way others think about, ÒThe corpses of the men who have transgressed against Me.Ó It does not say they will forever be conscious or in torment, is says nothing about torment, but that others will forever have shame and contempt for them. It is the contempt that is said to be everlasting, not that the corpses of dead persons are everlasting. Torment is read into this in an attempt to put Hell in it. How does "everlasting contempt" by "all mankind" become "everlasting torment" by God? Where is there anything about God forever tormenting those in "Hell" in this passage?

     "And many of them that sleep" is not the same "All that are in the tombs shall hear his voice, and shall come forth" (John 5:28). When this passage is kept in the context of Daniel 11 and 12, Daniel is not speaking of the resurrection at the coming of Christ, but seems to be speaking of a time of restoration of Israel when many would return to God just as Ezekiel pictured the dead bones as a resurrection of the dead (37:11-14) was speaking of a restoration of Israel as a nation when many did return to God. See Isaiah 52:1-2; 26:5.

     "Ezekiel's prophecy referred to a spiritual resurrection of the Jews in Babylon and their return to Judea; for Jehovah added, 'Son of man these bones are the whole house of Israel'" Homer Hailey, A Commentary on Daniel, Page 243, 2001, Nevada Publications.

      "The belief in the resurrection was nationalistic rather than individualistic" "Afterlife and Eschatology" at MyJewishLearning.com. Israel believed God would restore (resurrect) the nation when it sinned and turned back to God but not in the resurrection of the dead individuals.

     Daniel chapter 11 and 12 are about Israel coming out of the captivity and being restored as a nation. If Daniel 12:2 were speaking of the resurrection and judgment at the second coming of Christ, there could not be a bigger conflict with the orthodoxy teaching that all go to Heaven or Hell at the moment of death. How could those in Heaven be asleep "in the dust of the ground"? How could those in Heaven "awake"? How could an immortal soul that now has everlasting life and cannot die (which some tell us is the only part of a person that will live in Heaven or Hell), which soul cannot sleep the sleep of death, how could it awake from the dust of the ground if that immortal soul was alive and awake in Heaven or Hell and it was not asleep in the dust of the ground? Orthodox teaches that long before the resurrection and judgment day the saved are in Heaven and have everlasting life. The Abraham's bosom version would also in conflict with it.

      Kenny Boles in ÒThe Life to Come,Ó page 276 says this prophecy of Daniel is the first and only clear declaration of the resurrection in all of the Old Testament. Only by taking verse 12 out of context can it be make to be speaking of the Resurrection and then it makes the problem of only some of the dead being resurrected, which would be an undeniable contradiction to what is said of the Resurrection in the New Testament, that all the dead, not ÒsomeÓ of the dead will be resurrected (John 5:28).

(7). PLEASE EXPLAIN HOW A SOUL IN HELL

IS THE SPIRIT THAT RETURNED TO GOD? Ecclesiastes 12:7

      Some of my brothers in Christ, who believe in "Abraham's bosom," and that no one will be in Heaven or Hell unto after the judgment, use this and other scriptures to prove the soul or spirit, the only part of a person they think will ever be in Heaven, goes to Heaven at death.

     In there own words: "And I wondered why my dear brother did not see the verse just preceding it, which says, 'And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.' Where was Jesus? Stephen saw him alive at the right hand of God. Where could Jesus receive his spirit? He could receive his spirit only where he was. Where does the spirit go? Eccl. 12:7, 'Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return unto God who give it.' That immortal principle of the human family that never dies. So they killed the body of Stephen, but Stephen prayed for the Lord to receive his spirit where he was." L. S. White, Russell-White Debate, Page 51, 1912, F. L. Rowe Publisher.

     When he answered his own question of where is Stephen now before the resurrection, he said Stephen is now in Heaven; therefore, he is saying Stephen is not now in "Abraham's bosom" unto the resurrection. Sometimes Stephen is said to be in ÒAbrahamÕs bosomÓ and sometimes the same preachers will say Stephen is now in Heaven. I think where they put Stephen depends on what they are trying to prove at that time. Ecclesiastes 12:7 says the bodies of all returned to the earth and the spirit (ruach) of all returned to God. Can my brothers not see that if the only part of a person he believe is immortal and is the only part of a person he believe will be saved or lost, if this is the part that goes back to God who gives it, He has all, both the saved and the unsaved, going back to God in Heaven at the time of death? What happened to his "Hell?" He is saying no one goes to Hell at death and no one goes to AbrahamÕs bosom at death for all, that both the saved and the lost return to God. What happened to "Abraham's bosom," the second coming of Christ, the resurrection, the judgment, and the second death? If no one goes to Heaven at death, which is what those who believe in "Abraham's bosom" believe, how is it that this immortal part of a person, which will not go to Heaven unto after the judgment but it will go back to God at death? "Do not all go to one place?" (Ecclesiastes 6:6). The whole chapter of Ecclesiastes 12 is speaking to all mankind, not just to the saved. All are admonished to remember God in their youth before the evil days of old age, then all shall return to dust and the spirit of all shall return to God. No reference is made to their being good or evil at the time of their death. If the spirit of all goes back to God at death is an immortal soul, then the immortal soul of no one will not go to Hell. There is nothing in the spirit returning to God that makes those who are saved any different from those who are not saved; the spirit of all returns to God, yet, those who use this to prove a person has an immortal soul say, "No, Solomon was wrong. The spirit of the lost does not return to God at death, some says it goes to Hell at death and others says it goes the bad side of hades at death."

The three places where the ÒsoulÓ is sent at death by those that believe we now have an immortal deathless soul.

1.         At death does the spirit or the soul of the lost go to Hell?

2.         At death does the spirit or the soul of the lost go to the bad side of hades (AbrahamÕs bosom)?

3.         At death does the spirit or the soul of all, the lost and the saved return to God?

     Has the zeal to prove Plato's immortal soul, which needs no resurrection, blinded him so he does not see that he is going both ways at the same time? He believes that after the soul is freed from the body by death (as Plato put it, freed from its earthly prison) that it is just as alive as it will ever be, and when a person dies, he believes that person has everything that is ever going to be dead, already dead; and everything that will be alive after the resurrection is already alive and immortal from birth, the soul, the only part of a person that he believes will ever be immortal he believes is just as alive and just as immortal before death as it will be after death.

     The Hebrew word translated ÒspiritÓ in Ecclesiastes 12:7 is from Ruach, not from nehphesh which is the word that some of the times it is used it is translated Òsoul.Ó Ruach is translated breath, wind, spirit, etc., but never translated Òsoul.Ó It is the breath of life (Genesis 2:7) that came from God and made both man and beast Òliving beingsÓ and that returns to God. In Ecclesiastes 11:4 it is, ÒHe who watches the wind (ruach).Ó If Ecclesiastes 12:7 did prove that a person has an immortal soul that returns to God in Heaven, then it proves that the same immortal souls preexisted with God in Heaven as a rational, intelligent, thinking being before the birth of the body. By misusing this verse to prove a person now has something in them that is now immortal and it is this immortal something in a person goes back to God at death then it would prove more than they want to prove. If the spirit that returns to God is an inward part of a person that is immortal, and it came from God, this inward immortal thinking being had to preexist in Heaven with God before the person was born. Most do not want preexistence before birth of ALL, neither do they want ALL, both the saved and the lost going back to Heaven unto second coming of Christ; but if their view were right, that the spirit is an immortal inter part of a person that came from God at birth and them returns to God at death, there would be no way around it. The incorrect use of this passage to prove a person is born with an immortal soul undeniably implies the preexistence of that soul, that it existed in Heaven a living being before the birth of the person, and that at death all souls, the saved and the unsaved and also the souls of animals leave the person or animal it was put in and returns to God who is in Heaven, back to where it was before the person or animal was born. Whatever came from God, whether it was life, or a living intelligent being that was in Heaven is what returns to God. It does not say that what came from God was a created intelligent living being (as are the angels) that was in Heaven, but that is what is inferred by the doctrine that person has an immortal soul or an immortal spirit in him or her that returns to God at death.

It would prove:

  1. Before birth: It would prove the preexistence of ALL in Heaven. In the part of eternity before birth ALL would have been safe in Heaven.
  2. At birth: It would prove the spirits of ALL were put out of Heaven and sent down to earth.
  3. From death unto the resurrection the body: At their death the spirits of ALL will go back to Heaven with God unto the judgment. Some of the lost will be in Heaven for thousands of years before the judgment.
  4. At second coming:  It would prove that the spirits of ALL are sent back to earth for judgment.
  5. After judgment: It would prove that the spirits of ALL that were safe in Heaven before the birth of the person now go to Heaven or Hell, the ÒmanyÓ to Hell. According to their teaching many who preexisted in Heaven before their birth (most of mankind) will go to Hell after the judgment. In the part of eternity that will be after the judgment, they will end up in Hell with God forever tormenting them. If this view were true, why did God not leave them in Heaven? Did He want most of the spirits that were in Heaven with Him to be lost where He could torment them forever?

If the spirits that came from God is manÕs immortal souls then:

á          Birth is changed to be only a moving day from Heaven to earth for a soul that preexisted in Heaven before birth.

á          Death is changed to be only a moving day from earth to Heaven or Hell for a soul that preexisted in Heaven but had moved to earth.

á          From the second coming onward: For many Protestants nothing happens; the saved are brought from Heaven only to return to Heaven where they were before the second coming and the lost are brought from Hell only to return to Hell where they were before the second coming. Both the saved, and the unsaved would have to be judged at death to know whether they would go to Heaven or Hell. They say they believe in the resurrection and the judgment day, but by their teaching they deny both the Day of Judgment and the Resurrection by making both impossible.

á          Both the saved and the lost preexisted in Heaven but most of them will never return to Heaven after the judgment.

     According to the teaching of many, this immortal soul was a living, conscious, thinking being before it came from God,

(1) It existed in Heaven as a living, thinking being,

OR

(2) Whatever came from God was not an immortal, thinking soul that we are told that all have.

It is the "spirit," not "an immortal soul" that returns to God. What is the spirit that existed before the birth of the person? "Then the Lord God formed a man of the dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man (the body of dust) became a living being (a soul-nehphesh." - Genesis 2:7). A body made of dust + the spirit, the breath of life from God (Genesis 2:7) = a soul, a living creature whether it is a person or an animal. The spirit (breath of life) all life comes from God the only source of life whether the life of a person or the life or an animal and returns to God. When the life returns to God, the body returns to dust and we will have no work, device, knowledge, or wisdom (Ecclesiastes 9:10) unto the resurrection when life comes from God. All life is from God.

If the spirits that came from God is manÕs immortal soul then:

á          Then all immortal souls of both the saved and the lost return to God at death (Ecclesiastes 12:7).

á          But David did not ascend Òinto HeavenÓ (Acts 2:34; 2:29).

o     Would not this make the immortal soul or immortal spirit that came from God and had returned to God that had been in David be some kind of being that was in David but was not David? That this being is now in Heaven but David is not in Heaven?

     Ecclesiastes 12:7 is the reverse of the process in Genesis 2:7.

Today's theology tells us two conflicting things

  1. It says that most souls go to Hell at death and that some souls return to God at death
  2. And at the same time it uses Ecclesiastes 12:7 to say all souls returns to God at death

     The way Ecclesiastes 12:7 is misused to prove a person has an immortal part that cannot die makes this passage prove:

  1. Before birth: Today's theology makes the soul be both alive and immortal; just the same as they say it was at birth and as it will always be. The view of many implies the spirit that came from God was an immortal, conscious, independent and an intelligent being before it came from God to man, before birth.
  2. From birth to death: They mak